3D Printing of Metals.

140 Pages·2019·5.797 MB·English

by  Manoj Gupta (editor)

applied sciences
3D Printing
of Metals
Edited by
Manoj Gupta
Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Applied Sciences
www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci
3D Printing of Metals

3D Printing of Metals
SpecialIssueEditor
ManojGupta
MDPI•Basel•Beijing•Wuhan•Barcelona•Belgrade
SpecialIssueEditor
ManojGupta
NationalUniversityofSingapore
Singapore
EditorialOffice
MDPI
St.Alban-Anlage66
4052Basel,Switzerland
This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal
AppliedSciences(ISSN2076-3417)from2017to2018(availableat: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/
applsci/specialissues/3DMetalPrinting).
Forcitationpurposes,citeeacharticleindependentlyasindicatedonthearticlepageonlineandas
indicatedbelow:
LastName,A.A.; LastName,B.B.; LastName,C.C.ArticleTitle. JournalNameYear,ArticleNumber,
PageRange.
ISBN978-3-03921-341-2(Pbk)
ISBN978-3-03921-342-9(PDF)
(cid:2)c 2019bytheauthors. ArticlesinthisbookareOpenAccessanddistributedundertheCreative
Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon
publishedarticles,aslongastheauthorandpublisherareproperlycredited,whichensuresmaximum
disseminationandawiderimpactofourpublications.
ThebookasawholeisdistributedbyMDPIunderthetermsandconditionsoftheCreativeCommons
licenseCCBY-NC-ND.
Contents
AbouttheSpecialIssueEditor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
ManojGupta
SpecialIssue:3DPrintingofMetals
Reprintedfrom:AppliedSciences2019,9,2563,doi:10.3390/app9122563 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
FangLi,ShujunChen,JunbiaoShi,HongyuTianandYunZhao
EvaluationandOptimizationofaHybridManufacturingProcessCombiningWireArcAdditive
ManufacturingwithMillingfortheFabricationofStiffenedPanels
Reprintedfrom:AppliedSciences2017,7,1233,doi:10.3390/app7121233 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
FangLi,ShujunChen,JunbiaoShi,YunZhaoandHongyuTian
Thermoelectric Cooling-Aided Bead Geometry Regulation in Wire and Arc-Based Additive
ManufacturingofThin-WalledStructures
Reprintedfrom:AppliedSciences2018,8,207,doi:10.3390/app8020207. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
ZhehanChen,XianhuiZong,JingShiandXiaohuaZhang
Online Monitoring Based on Temperature Field Features and Prediction Model for Selective
LaserSinteringProcess
Reprintedfrom:AppliedSciences2018,8,2383,doi:10.3390/app8122383 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Iain McEwen, David E. Cooper, Jay Warnett, Nadia Kourra, Mark A. Williams and
GregoryJ.Gibbons
Design&ManufactureofaHigh-PerformanceBicycleCrankbyAdditiveManufacturing
Reprintedfrom:AppliedSciences2018,8,1360,doi:10.3390/app8081360 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
MattiManninen,MarikaHirvima¨ki,Ville-PekkaMatilainenandAnttiSalminen
Comparison of Laser-Engraved Hole Properties between Cold-Rolled and Laser Additive
ManufacturedStainlessSteelSheets
Reprintedfrom:AppliedSciences2017,7,913,doi:10.3390/app7090913. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Seungkyu Han, Matthew Zielewski, David Martinez Holguin, Monica Michel Parra and
NamsooKim
Optimization of AZ91D Process and Corrosion Resistance Using Wire Arc Additive
Manufacturing
Reprintedfrom:AppliedSciences2018,8,1306,doi:10.3390/app8081306 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
YongGaoandMingzhuoZhou
Superior Mechanical Behavior and Fretting Wear Resistance of 3D-Printed Inconel 625
Superalloy
Reprintedfrom:AppliedSciences2018,8,2439,doi:10.3390/app8122439 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Sung-UkZhang
Degradation Classification of 3D Printing Thermoplastics Using Fourier Transform Infrared
SpectroscopyandArtificialNeuralNetworks
Reprintedfrom:AppliedSciences2018,8,1224,doi:10.3390/app8081224 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
SuchanaAkterJahanandHazimEl-Mounayri
AThermomechanicalAnalysisofConformalCoolingChannelsin3DPrintedPlasticInjection
Molds
Reprintedfrom:AppliedSciences2018,8,2567,doi:10.3390/app8122567 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
v

About the Special Issue Editor
Manoj Gupta, Dr., was a former head of the Materials Division of the Mechanical Engineering
Department and director designate of the Materials Science and Engineering Initiative at NUS,
Singapore. He received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Irvine, USA (1992), and was
a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Alberta, Canada (1992). In August 2017, he was
highlightedamongthetop1%ofscientistsintheworldbyTheUniversalScientificEducationand
ResearchNetworkandamongthetop2.5%ofscientistsasperResearchGate. Heiscreditedwith
(i)thedisintegratedmeltdepositiontechniqueand(ii)thehybridmicrowavesinteringtechnique,an
energy-efficient,solid-stateprocessingmethodtosynthesizealloys/micro/nanocomposites. Hehas
published over525 peer-reviewedjournal papersand ownstwo USpatents andone trade secret.
His current h-index is 61, RG index is >47, and citations are greater than 14,000. He has also
co-authored six books that have been published by John Wiley, Springer, and MRF, USA. He is
Editor-in-Chief/Editoroftwelveinternationalpeer-reviewedjournals. In2018hewasannounced
World Academy Championship winner in the area of Biomedical Sciences by the International
AgencyforStandardsandRatings.Amultipleawardwinner,heactivelycollaborateswithandvisits
Japan, France, SaudiArabia, Qatar, China, USA,andIndiaasavisitingresearcher, professor, and
chairprofessor.
vii

applied
sciences
Editorial
Special Issue: 3D Printing of Metals
ManojGupta
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,NationalUniversityofSingapore,9EngineeringDrive1,
Singapore117576,Singapore;[email protected]
Received:6June2019;Accepted:11June2019;Published:24June2019
Additivemanufacturing(AM)hasemergedasoneofthemostenablingnewmanufacturing
technique;thetopichasbeenextensivelyresearchedworldwideforalmosttwodecades.Theunique
capabilitiesandpotentialofvariousAMtechniqueshaveledtoalmosthomogeneousworldwide
researcheffortsirrespectiveofinternationalboundaries; sucheffortshaveaimedatdevelopinga
thoroughandcriticalunderstandingtoharnessthecapabilitiesofAMthatmaytranslatetoindustrial
practice.Themotivebehindtheseextensiveresearchactivitieswasto:
a. Optimizetheuseofmaterialstoreducewastage[1].
b. Optimizetheuseofmanpowertoenhanceefficiency[1].
c. Optimizetheuseofresourcestolimitproductiontime[2].
Bothglobalgovernmentsandtheprivatesectorhaveinvestedbillionsofdollarstodevelop
AMtechniquestorealizethegoalofenablingsustainabilityaswellasaprofitablemanufacturing
route.Allthreecategoriesofmaterials(metals/alloys,polymers,andceramics)havebeenresearched
andpracticallyallapplications,whetherinengineeringorrelatedtobiomedicalfields,havebeen
equallytargeted.
Tofurtherthiscause, aSpecialIssuewaslaunchedintheMDPIjournal‘AppliedSciences’,
whichsoughtoriginalcontributionstodevelopfurtherunderstandingofthisfascinatingareaof
manufacturing. A total of nine articles were accepted after a rigorous peer review process and
subsequentlypublished.Overall,thepapersaddressed:
a. AMprocesscontrol/optimizationincludingaspectsofonlinemonitoring[1,3,4]
b. ComparisonstudieswithexistingmanufacturingmethodstovalidatetheacceptabilityofAM[5]
c. Productdesignanddevelopment[6]
d. PropertiesimprovementusingAMtechniques[7]
Many AM techniques have been developed over last two decades; the work done thus far
hasenabledcurrentresearcherstounderstandboththescientificandtechnicalcapabilitiesandthe
limitationsofthesetechniques. Accordingly,researchershavebeenclearintheirselectionofAM
techniques,choiceswhichhavebeenprimarilygovernedbymaterialandendapplications.
ThearticlescollectedinthepresentSpecialIssueindicateanemphasison:
a. Metal-basedmaterialsincludingstainlesssteels,magnesiumalloys,andnickel-basedalloys[4,5,7].
b. Polymer-basedmaterials[8,9].
TheindustrialsectorswhicharelikelytobenefitfromthestudiespresentedinthisSpecialIssue
includebutnotlimitedtothefollowingsectors:
a. Construction
b. Transportation,includingautomobileandaerospacesectors
c. Nuclear
d. Biomedical
Appl.Sci.2019,9,2563;doi:10.3390/app9122563 1 www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci