The Archeology of the New Testament: The Mediterranean World of the Early Christian Apostles

283 Pages·2014·31.59 MB·English

by  Jack Finegan

ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS:
ARCHAEOLOGY
Volume 23
THE ARCHEOLOGY OF THE NEW
TESTAMENT
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THE ARCHEOLOGY OF THE NEW
TESTAMENT
The Mediterranean World of the Early
Christian Apostles
JACK FINEGAN
ROUTLEDG RTayoloru &t Flreandcisg Gero up
E
LONDON AND NEW YORK
First published in 1981
This edition first published in 2015
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 1981 Westview Press, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any
form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented,
including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system,
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN: 978-1-138-79971-4 (Set)
eISBN: 978-1-315-75194-8 (Set)
ISBN: 978-1-138-81338-0 (Volume 23)
eISBN: 978-1-315-74819-1 (Volume 23)
Publisher's Note
The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this book but points out that
some imperfections from the original may be apparent.
Disclaimer
The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and would welcome
correspondence from those they have been unable to trace.
THE ARCHEOLOGY
OF THE NEW TESTAMENT
The Mediterranean World of
the Early Christian Apostles
Jack Finegan
Westview Press • Boulder, Colorado
Croom Helm • London, England
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any !Orm or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information smrage and retrieval system, without permission in writing
from the publisher.
Copyright O 1981 by Westview Press, Inc.
Published in 1981 in the United States of America by
Westview Press, Inc.
5500 Central Avenue
Boulder, Colorado 80301
Frederick A. Praeger, Publisher
Published in 1981 in Great Britain by
Croom Helm Ltd.
2-10 St. John's Road
London, S.W. II
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Finegan, Jack, 1908-
The archeology of the New Testament.
Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
Vol. 2 published by Westview Press, Boulder, Colo.
CONTENTS: [v.l.] The life of Jesus and the beginning of the early church. -[v.2.) The Mediterranean world of the early
Christian apostles.
L Bible. N.T.-Antiquities. L Title.
BS 2375.F5 225.9'3 69-18057
ISBN (U.S.): 0-86531-064-5 (Westview: v.2)
ISBN (U.K.): 0.7099-1006-1
Printed and bound in the United States of America
CONTENTS
List of Maps and Plans ................................................................. ix
List of Illustrations .................................................................... xi
Illustration Credits ................................................................... xvii
Prefa ce ............................................................................ xix
Alphabetical List of Ancient Sources ..................................................... xxi
List of Abbreviations ................................................................. xxxi
Chapter I/Sources ................................................................... 1
Chapter 2/Chronological History ...................................................... 9
Paul 12
Peter 17
Deaths of Peter and Paul 22
John 36
Chapter 3/Beginnings ............................................................... 51
Tarsus 51
Damascus 55
Antioch on the Orontes 63
Chapter 4/First Missionary Journey (A.O. 47-48) ....................................... 73
Cyprus 73
Central Asia Minor 78
Chapter 5/Second Missionary Journey (A.O. 49-51) ..................................... 93
Macedonia 93
Greek World 118
vii
viii CONTENTS
Chapter 6/Third Missionary Journey (A.D. 51-54) ..................................... 153
Western Asia Minor 153
Miletus 154
Ephesus 155
Seven Cities of the Revelation 171
Chapter 7/ Shipwreck Journey (A.D. 56-57) ........................................... 183
Caesarea 184
Crete 191
Malta 200
Sicily 204
Italy 208
Chapter 8/ln Rome (A.O. 57-59) .................... ................................. 217
History 217
Monuments 218
Notes ............................................................................. 235
Index of Biblical References ............................................................ 245
General Index ....................................................................... 247
MAPS AND PLANS
Maps
I Spain ........................................................................ 16
2 Cyprus ...................................................................... 74
3 Asia Minor ................................................................... 79
4 Greece ....................................................................... 94
5 Districts of Macedonia ......................................................... 95
6 From Philippi to Amphipolis ................................................... 107
7 Athens to Corinth ........................................................... 142
8 Central Crete ................................................................ 193
9 Phoenix ..................................................................... 196
10 Malta ....................................................................... 200
11 Western Malta ............................................................... 202
12 Sicily and Italy ............................................................... 205
13 Bay of Naples ................................................................ 209
Plans
Vatican District ............................................................... 25
2 Vatican Excavations ........................................................... 27
3 Church of St. Paul Outside the Walls ............................................. 29
4 Catacombs of Rome ........................................................... 32
5 Damascus .................................................................... 60
6 Antioch on the Orontes ........................................................ 65
ix