Table Of Content˝Phv S xJKyfq
IJoJr TgJ
yJmzJ ß\uJ TÄPV´x-TKoKar IJKo KZuJo xnJkKfÇ IJKo S IJoJr xyTJrL mJ xyToLt pÅJrJ KZPuj, fÅJrJ xTPuA khfqJV TPrPZjÇ FA TgJaJ
\JjJmJr \PjqA IJ\PTr FA xnJr IJP~J\jÇ jAPu xJz’Pr mÜífJ ßvJjJmJr \Pjq IJkjJPhr IJøJj TPr IJKjKjÇ nJrfmPwtr \JfL~ oyJxnJr
FA ãáhs vJUJr ßp TotnJr IJoJr k´Kf jq˜ KZu fJ ßgPT KmhJ~ ßjmJr TJPu IJkjJPhr TJPZA oMÜTP£ fJr ßyfá k´TJv TrJA FA xnJr CP¨vqÇ
FTaJ TgJ CPbKZu, YMKk YMKk xPr ßVPuA f yPfJ; FA uöJTr WajJ Foj WaJ TPr \JjJmJr KT k´P~J\j KZu? IJoJr oPj y~ k´P~J\j KZu, oPj
y~ Kj”vP» YMKk YMKk xPr ßVPu YãáuöJaJ mÅJYf, KT∂á fJPf xfqTJr uöJ Yfáète yP~ CbfÇ Fr kPr F ß\uJ~ TÄPV´x TKoKa gJTPm KT gJTPm jJ,
IJKo \JKjPjÇ gJTPf kJPr, jJ gJTJS KmKY© j~; KT∂á ßx pJA ßyJT ßnfPr pJr ãf, mJAPr fJPT Iãf ßhUJPjJr kJk IJKo TrPf YJAPjÇ F
FTaJ policy yPf kJPr, KT∂á nJu policy mPu ßTJj oPfA nJmPf kJKrPjÇ
IJKo ToLt jA, F èÀnJPrr ßpJVq IJKo KZuJo jJÇ IãofJr ßãJn IJoJr oPjr oPiq IJPZA, KT∂á ßp nJr FTKhj V´ye TPrKZuJo, IJ\ fJPT
ITJrPe mJ KjZT ˝JPgtr hJP~ fqJV TPr pJKò, pJmJr xo~ F TuïS IJoJr k´Jkq j~Ç IJoJr FA TgJaJA IJ\ IJkjJPhr FTaá ‰ipt iPr ÊjPf
yPmÇ
IJoJr oPjr oPiq y~f „| TgJ ßTJgJS FTaá ßgPT ßpPf kJPr, y~f IJoJr IKnPpJPVr oPiq IKk´~ xMrS IJkjJPhr TJPj mJ\Pm, KT∂á IJoJPhr
mftoJj Im˙J~ pJ xfq mPu ß\PjKZ mJ mMP^KZ, IJkjJPhr ßVJYr jJ TPr IJ\ IJoJr ZMKa yPfA kJPr jJÇ TJre, xfq ßVJkj TrJ IJ®mûjJrA
xoJjÇ FT IJvïJ k´KfkPãr CkyJx S Kmhs‡kÇ KT∂á KjP\r TotlPu fJA pKh I\tj TPr gJKT, IJKo ZJzJ ßx IJr ßT ßjPm? IJr fJ pKh jJ yP~
gJPT, Kmhs‡Pkr ßyfá pKh xfqA jJ WPa gJPT f n~ KTPxr? pgJgt xÿJPjr m˜áPT ßp oN| IpgJ mqñ TPr, xo˜ uöJ f fJrAÇ IfFm F-xTu KogqJ
hMKÁ∂J IJoJr ßjAÇ IJoJr FToJ© KY∂J ITkPa IJkjJPhr TJPZ xo˙ mqÜ TrJÇ TJre, k´KfTJPrr AòJ S vKÜ IJkjJPhrA yJPfÇ FA ßvw
oMyëPftS pKh FPT oOfáqr yJf ßgPT mÅJYJPf YJj, ßx ÊiM IJkjJrJA kJPrjÇ
kJ†Jm IfqJYJr CkuPã mZr-ßhPzT kNPmt FTKhj pUj ßhvmqJkL IJPªJuj C•Ju yP~ CPbKZu, fUj IJorJ IJTJvP\JzJ YL“TJPr ßYP~KZuJo
˝rJ\Ç oyJ®J\Lr \~ \~TJrÇ VuJ lJKaP~ KhKVõKhPT k´YJr TPr mPuKZuJo, ˝rJ\ YJA-A YJAÇ ˝JiLjfJ~ oJjMPwr \jìVf IKiTJrÇ FmÄ ˝rJ\
mqKfPrPT ßTJj IjqJP~rA ßTJj Khj k´KfKmiJj yPf kJrPm jJÇ TgJaJ ßp oNuf” xfq, F ßmJi TKr ßTyA I˝LTJr TrPf kJPr jJÇ mJ˜KmTA
˝JiLjfJ~ oJjPmr \jìVf IKiTJr, nJrfmPwtr vJxjnJr nJrfmwLt~Phr yJPfA gJTJ YJA FmÄ F hJK~fô ßgPT ßp-ßTC fJPhr ˝LTJr jJ TPr kg
ßjA,∏ßx yPò IJoJPhr TftmqÇ
Right FmÄ Duty F hMPaJ IjMkNrT v» f xo˜ IJAPjr ßVJzJr TgJÇ xTu ßhPvr xTu xJoJK\T KmiJPj FTaJ ZJzJ ßp IJr FTaJ FToMyëftS
hÅJzJPf kJPr jJ, F ßfJ IKmx’JhL xfqÇ ßTmu IJoJPhr ßhPvA KT FA KmvõKj~Por mqKfâo WaPm? ˝rJ\ mJ ˝JiLjfJ pKh IJoJPhr \jì˝fô y~,
KbT ffUJKj TftPmqr hJ~ KjP~S f IJorJ oJfíVnt ßgPT nëKoÔ yP~KZÇ FTaJPT FKzP~ IJr FTaJ kJm Ff mz IjqJ~, Ixñf hJmL,∏Ff mz
kJVuJKo IJr f KTZM yPfA kJPr jJÇ WajJâPo ßTmuoJ© nJrfmwLt~ yP~ \PjìKZ mPuA nJrPfr ˝JiLjfJr IKiTJr CóTP£ hJmL TrJS ßTJj
oPfA xfq yPf kJPr jJ! FmÄ F k´JgtjJ AÄrJ\ ßTj, ˝~Ä KmiJfJkMÀwS ßmJi TKr o†Mr TrPf kJPrj jJÇ FA xfq, FA xjJfj KmKi, FA
KYrKj~Kπf mqm˙J Âh~ KhP~ Âh~ño TrJr Khj IJ\ IJoJPhr FPxPZÇ FPT lÅJKT KhP~ ˝JiLjfJr IKiTJr ÊiM IJorJ ßTj, kOKgmLPf ßTC TUPjJ
kJ~Kj, kJ~ jJ FmÄ IJoJr KmvõJx, ßTJjKhj TUPjJ ßTC ßkPfS kJPr jJÇ TftmqyLj IKiTJrS IjKiTJPrr xoJjÇ TJ\ Trm jJ, oNuq ßhPmJ jJ IgY
kJPmJ, k´JgtjJr FA IØMf iJrJA pKh IJorJ V´ye TPr gJKT, fJ yPu KjÁ~A muKZ IJKo, ßTmuoJ© xo˝Pr S k´muTP£ mPªoJfro& S oyJ®Jr
\~±KjPf VuJ KYPr IJoJPhr rÜA mJr yPm, krJiLjfJr \V¨u KvuJ fJPf xNYqV´ nëKoS jPz mxPm jJÇ
FTaáUJKj IKmjP~r IkmJh KjP~S muPf yPò, mMPzJ yPuS KYrKhPjr InqJPx F ßYJPUr hOKÓ IJoJr IJ\S FPTmJPr ^JkxJ yP~ pJ~KjÇ pJ pJ
ßhUKZ, (I∂f” FA yJmzJ ß\uJ~ pJ ßhPUKZ) fJ KjZT FA KnãJr YJS~J, hJo jJ KhP~ YJS~J, lÅJKT KhP~ YJS~JÇ oJjMPwr TJ\-Tot, ßuJT-
ßuRKTTfJ, IJyJr-KmyJr, IJPoJh-IJyîJh xmtk´TJPrr xMU-xMKmPir ßTJgJS ßpj ßTJj ©∆Ka jJ WPa, kJj ßgPT FTKmªM YMj kpt∂ ßpj jJ UxPf
kJ~,∏fJr kPr ˝rJ\ mu, ˝JiLjfJ mu, YrTJ mu, U¨r mu, oJ~ AÄrJ\PT nJrf xoMhs C•Let TPr KhP~ IJxJ kpt∂ mu, pJ y~ fJ ßyJT, ßTJj
IJkK• ßjAÇ IJkK• fJPhr jJ gJTPf kJPr, KT∂á AÄrJP\r IJPZÇ vfTrJ kÅYJjæA \j ßuJPTr FA yJxqJ¸h YJS~JaJPT ßx pKh ßyPx CKzP~ KhP~
mPu nJrfmJxL ˝rJ\ YJ~ jJ,∏ßx KT Ff mzA KogqJ TgJ mPu? ßp AÄrJ\ kOKgmLmqJkL rJ\fô Km˜Jr TPrPZ, ßhPvr \jq k´Je KhPf ßp FT KjPow
KÆiJ TPr jJ, ßp ˝JiLjfJr ˝„k \JPj, FmÄ krJiLjfJr ßuJyJr KvTu o\mMf TPr ‰fKr TrmJr ßTRvu pJr ßYP~ ßmKv ßTC \JPj jJ,∏fJPT KT
ßTmu lÅJKT KhP~, ßYJU rJKñP~, VuJ~ FmÄ TuPo VJKuVJuJ\ TPr, fJr ©∆Ka S KmYMqKfr I\xs k´oJe ZJkJr IãPr xÄV´y TPr, fJPT uöJ KhP~A
Ff mz m˜á kJS~J pJPm? F k´vú f xTu fPTtr IfLf TPr k´oJKef yP~ ßVPZ, FA uöJTr mJPTqr xJijJ~ ßTmu uöJA ßmPz CbPm, KxK≠uJn
ThJY WaPm jJÇ
IJ®mûjJ IPjT TrJ ßVPZ, IJr fJPf Chqo ßjAÇ \Pzr of KjŸ yP~ \jìVf IKiTJPrr hJmL \JjJPfS IJr ßpoj IJoJr ˝r ßlJPa jJ, kPrr
oMPUS f•ôTgJ ßvJjmJr ‰ipt IJr IJoJr ßjAÇ IJKo KjÁ~ \JKj, ˝JiLjfJr \jìVf IKiTJr pKh TJrS gJPT, fJ ßx ojMwqPfôr oJjMPwr j~Ç
IºTJPrr oJP^ IJPuJPTr \jìVf IKiTJr IJPZ hLk-KvUJr, hLPkr j~; KjmJPjJ k´hLPkr FA hJmL fáPu yJñJoJ TrPf pJS~J ÊiM IjgtT j~,
IkrJi,∏xTu hJmL-hJS~J C™JkPjr IJPV F TgJ náPu ßVPu ßTmu AÄrJ\ j~, kOKgmLxM≠ ßuJT IJPoJh IjMnm TrPmÇ
oyJ®J\L IJ\ TJrJVJPrÇ fÅJr TJrJmJPxr k´go KhPj oJrJoJKr TJaJTJKa ßmPi ßVu jJ, xo˜ nJrfmwt ˜… yP~ rAuÇ ßhPvr ßuJT xVPmt muPu,
F ÊiM oyJ®J\Lr KvãJr luÇ Anglo-Indian TJV\S~JuJrJ ßyPx \mJm KhPu, F ÊiM KjZT IndifferenceÇ IJoJr KT∂á F KmmJPh ßTJj kãPTA
k´KfmJh TrPf oj xPr jJÇ oPj y~, pKh yP~S gJPT f ßhPvr ßuJPTr Ff VPmtr m˜á KT IJPZ? Organised violence TrmJr IJoJPhr vKÜ
ßjA, k´mOK• ßjA, xMPpJV ßjAÇ IJr ybJ“ violence? ßx f ßTmu FTaJ IJTK˛TfJr luÇ FA ßp IJorJ FfèKu nhsmqKÜ FT© yP~KZ, Ckhsm TrJ
IJoJPhr TJrS mqmxJ j~, AòJS j~, IgY F TgJS f ßTC ß\Jr TPr muPf kJKrPj IJoJPhr mJKz ßlrmJr kgaáTár oJP^A, ybJ“ KTZM-FTaJ
mJKiP~ jJ KhPf kJKrÇ xPñ xPñ FTaJ o˜ lqJxJh ßmPi pJS~JS f Ix÷m j~Ç mJPiKj ßx nJuA, FmÄ IJKoS FPT fáòfJKòuq TrPf YJAPj, KT∂á
F KjP~ hJkJhJKk TPr ßmzJPjJrS ßyfá jJAÇ FPTA o˜ TíKffô mPu xJ∂ôjJ uJn TrPf pJS~J IJ®k´mûjJÇ IJr Indifference? F TgJ~ pKh ßTC
FA AKñf TPr gJPT ßp, oyJ®Jr TJrJPrJPi ßhPvr ßuJPTr VnLr mqgJ mJP\Kj, f fJr mz KoPZ TgJ IJr yPfA kJPr jJÇ mqgJ IJoJPhr ootJK∂T
yP~A ßmP\PZ; KT∂á fJPT Kj”vP» xyq TrJA IJoJPhr ˝nJm, k´KfTJPrr T·jJ IJoJPhr oPjA IJPx jJÇ
Kk´~fo kroJ®L~ TJCPT pPo KjPu ßvJTJft oj ßpoj CkJ~yLj ßmhjJ~ TÅJhPf gJPT, IgY, pJ Imvq÷JmL fJr KmÀP≠ yJf ßjA, FA mPu mMK^P~
IJmJr UJS~J-krJ, IJPoJh-IJyîJh, yJKx-fJoJvJ, TJ\-Tot pgJrLKf kNPmtr ofA YuPf gJPT, oyJ®Jr x’PºS ßhPvr oPjJnJm k´J~ ßfoKjÇ fJPhr
rJV KVP~ kzu \\xJPyPmr CkrÇ ßTC muPu fJr k´vÄxJmJTq ßTmu n§JKo, ßTC muPu fJr hM'mZr ß\u ßhS~J CKYf KZu, ßTC muPu mz ß\Jr
Kfj mZr, ßTC muPu jJ YJr mZr, KT∂á Z'mZr ß\u pUj yu fUj IJr CkJ~ KT? FUj VmjtPoµ pKh h~J TPr KTZM IJPV ZJPzj fPmA y~Ç KT∂á
FA ßnPm KfKj ß\Pu pJjKjÇ fÅJr FTJ∂ oPjr IJvJ KZu ßyJT jJ ß\u Z'mZr, ßyJT jJ ß\u hv mZr,∏fÅJPT oMÜ TrJ f ßhPvr ßuJPTrA yJPfÇ
ßp Khj fJrJ YJAPm, fJr FTaJ Khj ßmKv ßTC fJPT ß\Pu iPr rJUPf kJrPm jJ, fJ ßx VmjtPoµ pfA ßTj jJ vKÜvJuL yCTÇ KT∂á ßx IJvJ fÅJr
FTuJrA KZu, ßhPvr ßuJPTr ßx ãáhs ˝JPgt ßTJgJS FfaáTá KmWú yPuJ jJ, ÊiM KfKj S fÅJr kÅKYv yJ\Jr xyToLt ßhPvr TJP\ ßhPvr ß\PuA kYPf
uJVPujÇ k´KfKmiJj TrPm KT, Ffmz yLjfJ~ uöJ ßmJi TrmJr vKÜ kpt∂ ßpj FPhr YPu ßVPZÇ FrJ mMK≠oJj, mMK≠r Kmz’jJ~ ZMPfJ fáPuPZ Non-
violence KT x÷m? Non-co-operation KT YPu? VJºL\Lr movement KT practical? fJAf IJorJ...Ç KT∂á ßT FPhr mMK^P~ ßhPm ßTJj
movement-A KTZM j~, ßp move TPr ßxA oJjMwA xmÇ ßp oJjMw, fJr TJPZ Co-operation, Non-co-operation, Violence, Non-
violence xmA xoJj, xmA xoJj luk´xNÇ
Non-co-operation m˜áaJ KnPã YJS~J j~, F FTaJ TJ\, xMfrJÄ F TgJ KTZMPfA xfq j~ ßp, Non-co-operation k∫J F ßhPv
IYu,∏oMKÜr kg ßx KhPT pJ~KjÇ I∂f”, FUPjJ FThu ßuJT IJPZ, fJ xÄUqJ~ pf I·A ßyJT, pJrJ xo˜ I∂r KhP~ FPT IJ\S KmvõJx TPrÇ
FrJ TJrJ \JPjj? FTKhj pJrJ oyJ®J\Lr mqJTáu IJøJPj ˝Phv-msPf \Lmj C“xVt TPrKZu, CTLu fJr STJuKf ßZPz, KvãT fJr KvãTfJ ßZPz,
KmhqJgLt fJr KmhqJu~ ßZPz, YJKrKhPT fÅJPT KWPr hÅJKzP~KZu, pÅJPhr IKiTJÄvA IJ\ TJrJVJPr,∏FÅrJ fÅJPhrA ImKvÓJÄvÇ ßhPvr TuqJPe, IJkjJr
TuqJPe, IJoJr TuqJPe, xo˜ jrjJrLr TuqJPe pJrJ mqKÜVf ˝Jgt \uJ†Ku KhP~ FPxKZu, ßxA ßhPvr ßuJT IJ\ fJPhr KT hÅJz TKrP~PZ \JPjj?
IJ\ fJrJ xÿJjyLj, k´KfÔJyLj, uJKüf, kLKzf, KnãáPTr huÇ fJPhr \Let oKuj mJx, fJrJ VOyyLj, fJrJ oMKÓKnãJ~ \Lmj pJkj TPr, p“xJoJjq
ßfu jMPjr k~xJr \jq ߈vPj hÅJKzP~ KnPã YJAPf mJiq y~Ç IgY ß˝òJ~ ßx xo˜ fqJV TPr FPxPZÇ pfaáTáPf fJr k´P~J\j, ßxaáTá xo˜ ßhPvr
TJPZ TfA-jJ IKTKû“Tr! FAaáTá ßx xxÿJPj xÄV´y TrPf kJPr jJÇ IgY FrJA IJ\S I∂Pr ˝rJP\r IJxj FmÄ ßhPvr mJKyPr xo˜ nJrPfr
vs≠J S xÿJPjr kfJTJ myj TPr ßmzJPòÇ IJvJr k´hLk∏fJ ßx pfA ãLe ßyJT IJ\S FPhrA yJPf FPhr KjptJfPjr TJKyjL xÄmJhkP©r kJfJ~
kJfJ~, KT∂á ßx TfaáT∏á ßp ImqÜ uJüjJ S IkoJj FPhr ßhPvr ßuJPTr TJPZ xyq TrPf y~Ç oyJ®J\Lr IJPªJuj gJT mJ pJT FPhr IvsP≠~
TPr IJjmJr, hLj yLj mqgt TPr ßfJumJr oyJkJPkr k´J~KÁ• ßhPvr ßuJTPT FTKhj TrPfA yPm, pKh jqJ~ S iot S xfqTJr KmKiKmiJj ßTJgJS
ßTJjUJPj gJPTÇ yJSzJ ß\uJr kã ßgPT IJ\ pKh IJKo oMÜTP£ mKu I∂f” F ß\uJr ßuJT ˝rJ\ YJ~ jJ, fJr fLms k´KfmJh yPmÇ TJVP\ TJVP\
IJoJPT IPjT TaëKÜ, IPjT VJuJVJKu ÊjPf yPmÇ KT∂á fmMS F TgJ xfqÇ ßTC KTZM Trm jJ; ßTJj ãKf, ßTJj IxMKmiJ, ßTJj xJyJpq KTZMA ßhm
jJ∏IJoJr mÅJiJirJ xMKj~Kπf \LmjpJ©Jr FTKfu mJKyPr ßpPf kJrm jJ,∏IJoJr aJTJr Ckr aJTJ, mJKzr Ckr mJKz, VJKzr Ckr VJKz, IJoJr
ßhJfuJr Ckr ßffuJ FmÄ fJr Ckr ßYRfuJ ImJKrf FmÄ ImqJyf CbPf gJT∏ßTmu FA ßVJaJTfT mMK≠ÃÓ uçLZJzJ ßuJT jJ ßUP~ jJ ßhP~,
UJKu VJP~ UJKu kJP~ WMPr WMPr pKh ˝rJ\ FPj KhPf kJPr f KhT, fUj jJ y~ fJPT iLPr xMP˙ ßYJU mMP\ kro IJrJPo rxPVJuäJr of KYmJPjJ pJPmÇ
KT∂á Foj TJ§ ßTJgJS TUPjJ y~ jJÇ IJxu TgJ FrJ KmvõJx TrPfA kJPr jJ, ˝rJ\ jJKT IJmJr TUjS yPf kJPrÇ fJr \jq IJmJr jJKT ßYÓJ TrJ
ßpPf kJPrÇ KT yPm fJPf, KT yPm YrTJ~, KT yPm ßhvJ®PmJPir YYtJ~? KjmJPjJ hLk-KvUJr of ojMwqfô iMP~ oMPZ ßVPZ, FToJ© yJf ßkPf KnPãr
ßYÓJ ZJzJ KT yPm IJr KTZMPf!
FTaJ joMjJ KhA :
ßxKhj jJrL TootKªr ßgPT \j-hMA oKyuJ S vsLpMÜ cJÜJr k´láuäYªs rJ~ oyJv~PT KjP~ hMPptJPVr oPiqA IJofJ IûPu ßmKrP~ kPzKZuJo,
nJmuJo EKwfáuq S xmtPhvkN\q mqKÜKaPT xPñ ßjS~J~ F pJ©J IJoJr xMpJ©J yPmÇ yP~S KZuÇ mPªoJfro& S oyJ®Jr S fÅJr KjP\r k´mu \~±Kjr
ßTJj InJm WPaKj FmÄ FA ßrJVJ oJjMwKaPT ˙JjL~ rJ~mJyJhMPrr nJñJ fJ†JPor oPiq xmPu k´Pmv TrJPjJrS IJ∂KrT S FTJ∂ Chqo yP~KZuÇ KT∂á
fJr kPrr AKfyJx xÄPãPk FA„k∏IJoJPhr pJfJ~JPfr mq~ yu aJTJ kûJvÇ ^Pz, \Pu IJoJPhr f•ôJmiJj TPr ßmzJPf kMKuPvrS UrYJ yP~
ßVu ßmJi y~ FoKj FTaJ KTZMÇ mKitÌá ˙Jj, CTLu ßoJÜJr S mÉ ijvJuL mqKÜr mJx, IfFm ˙JjL~ fÅJf S YrTJr CjúKfTP· YÅJhJ k´Kfvs∆f yu
Kfj aJTJ kÅJY IJjJÇ fJrkr IJYJptPhr mÉ kKrvsPo IJKmÏJr TrPuj \j-hMA CTLu KmuJfL TJkz ßTPjj jJ, FmÄ FT\j fÅJr mÜífJ~ oMê yP~
f“ãeJ“ k´KfùJ TrPuj, nKmwqPf KfKj IJr KTjPmj jJÇ ßlrmJr kPg k´láuäYªs k´láuä yP~ IJoJr TJPj TJPj muPuj, yÅJ, ß\uJaJ CjúKfvLu mPa!
IJr FTaá ßuPV gJTáj, Civil Disobedience ßmJi y~ IJkjJrJA declare TrPf kJPrjÇ
IJr \jxJiJre? ßx ßfJ xmtgJ nhsPuJPTrA IjMVoj TPrÇ
F KY© hM”PUr KY©, ßmhjJr AKfyJx, IºTJPrr ZKm; KT∂á FA KT ßvw TgJ? FA Im˙JA KT F ß\uJr ßuJT jLrPm KvPrJiJpt TPr ßjPm? TJrS
ßTJj TgJ, ßTJj fqJV, ßTJj TftmqA KT ßhUJ ßhPm jJ? pJrJ ßhPvr ßxmJmsPf \Lmj C“xVt TPrPZ, pJrJ ßTJj k´KfTëu Im˙JPfA ˝LTJr TrPf YJ~
jJ, pJrJ Government-Fr TJPZS krJnm ˝LTJr TPrKj, fJrJ KT ßvPw ßhPvr ßuJPTr TJPZA yJr ßoPj KlPr pJPm? IJkjJrJ KT ßTJj xÄmJhA
ßjPmj jJ?
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