Table Of ContentSOA Cookbook
Design Recipes for Building Better
SOA Processes
Master SOA process architecture, modeling, and
simulation in BPEL, TIBCO’s BusinessWorks, and
BEA’s Weblogic Integration
Michael Havey
BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI
SOA Cookbook
Design Recipes for Building Better SOA Processes
Copyright © 2008 Packt Publishing
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First published: September 2008
Production Reference: 1190808
Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.
32 Lincoln Road
Olton
Birmingham, B27 6PA, UK.
ISBN 978-1-847195-48-7
www.packtpub.com
Cover Image by Vinayak Chittar ([email protected])
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Credits
Author Project Manager
Michael Havey Abhijeet Deobhakta
Reviewers Project Coordinators
Frank Jennings Brinell Lewis
Ravi Ravindra Rajashree Hamine
Acquisition Editor Indexer
Adil Ahmed Monica Ajmera
Development Editor Proofreader
Nikhil Bangera Dirk Manuel
Technical Editors Production Coordinator
Mithun Sehgal Shantanu Zagade
Aanchal Kumar
Cover Work
Editorial Team Leader Shantanu Zagade
Akshara Aware
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About the Author
Michael Havey started his career as a consultant in the BPM and SOA space
thirteen years ago, after many years in the role of 'perpetual student.' He attained
undergraduate degrees in Computer Science, Philosophy, and Mathematics (at the
University of Toronto), and even spent time studying Philosophy at the Masters
level (at Carlton University), before finally resolving to descend the ivory tower and
join the workforce. In his professional life, Michael has worked extensively with
application integration and business processes. His first book, Essential Business
Process Modeling, was published by O'Reilly in 2005. He has also published a number
of articles in SOA World, Java Developer's Journal, Weblogic Developer's Journal,
BPTrends, and O'Reilly Net.
He is an architect in TIBCO's financial services consulting group. Previously he
worked as a consultant for IBM, BEA, and Chordiant.
Without my family's support, I could never have completed this
book. Thanks Paola, Napoleon, Katrina, Mason, and Ireland for
inspiring me. And thanks to my mother for being my most
loyal reader.
Many thanks also to my reviewers, busy fellows to begin with, for
graciously accepting my invitation to evaluate the first draft. Their
constructive criticism helped me make numerous improvements to
the book. Ravi Ravindra, Frank Jennings, and Stuart Charlton: I owe
you a favor.
And what a team Packt put together for me! To Adil Ahmed, Nikhil
Bangera, Brinell Lewis, Rajashree Hamine, and Mithun Sehgal:
You're the best in the business!
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About the Reviewers
Frank Jennings works in the Information Products Group of Sun Microsystems
Inc. He has more than 9 years of experience in Java, SOA, and System Design. He is
an Electronics Engineer from Madras University and has worked for several open-
source projects.
Frank has written regular columns for leading Java journals including Java
Developer's Journal and Linux Developer's Week. He is also the co-author of
the book SOA Approach to Integration, which focuses on SOA design patterns for
enterprises. He is also involved in technical publications for Sun Microsystems in the
fields of Solaris and Developer AMP Stack. His blog can be read at http://blogs.
sun.com/ phantom and he can be reached via email at [email protected]. He also
holds a Post Graduate Diploma in Computer Science and an Advance Diploma in
Computer Integrated Management from the University of Indianapolis.
Dr. Ravindra is an IBM Certified Executive IT Architect and Project Manager
with over 34 years of experience in the IT industry. He has an extensive background
in design, implementation, and support of information systems. He has held
responsibility for the specification, development, implementation, and acquisition of
a variety of application systems and technologies for both public and private sector
clients. His expertise lies in the development and implementation of information
technologies and the strategies that meet and potentially influence the business
objectives of an organization. He has contributed articles on a variety of topics,
including data modeling, prototyping, and object-oriented analysis.
He is based in Ottawa and is a part of IBM's Global Business Services.
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Table of Contents
Preface 1
Chapter 1: SOA Survival Guide 9
SOA from 184 Billion Feet 11
The Model Stack 13
The Secret They Couldn't Hide—SOA is Process-Oriented 16
Summary 20
Chapter 2: Drawing SOA Architecture 21
The 4+1 Structure of an SOA Architecture Document 22
Using ARIS Methodology to Organize the Logical View 25
Example—Competitive Enrollment 27
Data and Service Interfaces for Retailer Enrollment 30
BPMN Processes for Retailer Enrollment 36
Enrollment Process 39
Drop Process 41
Switch Process 42
ESB Processes 43
Traceability to Functional Requirements 45
Summary of BPMN Processes 46
Service Composition of Retailer Enrollment Using SCA 46
On Modeling Tools 48
Summary 49
Chapter 3: Separating BPM and SOA Processes 51
The Model Stack 52
A Reference Architecture 52
Vendor Offerings 53
Where Does BPEL Fit? 54
Design Tips on Separating BPM and SOA 55
Example—Process for Handling Credit Card Disputes 56
Table of Contents
Disputes on the Model Stack 63
BPM-Oriented Disputes with TIBCO 65
Architecture 65
iProcess Business Processes 67
BusinessWorks Orchestration Processes 71
ActiveMatrix ESB Processes 73
SOA-Oriented Disputes with BEA 75
Architecture 75
Weblogic Integration Orchestration Process 76
About the Examples 81
Summary 81
Chapter 4: Modeling Orchestration and Choreography 83
Choreography versus Orchestration 84
Examples—Energy Enrollment, Email Bank Transfer 86
Modeling Choreography in BPMN 88
The Invisible Hub in BPEL 95
Choreography in WS-CDL with Pi4SOA 98
Defining Roles and Relationships 98
Building a Control Flow of Interactions 100
Generating a BPEL Role Process 104
Tips on Modeling Orchestration 106
Dependable Routing 108
About the Examples 110
Summary 111
Chapter 5: Short and Long-Running Processes 113
Process Duration—the Long and Short of It 114
Stateful and Stateless Processes in BEA's Weblogic Integration 116
How to Keep Long-Running State 117
State in Oracle's BPEL Process Manager 117
State in BEA's Weblogic Integration 119
Our Own State Model 120
Combining Short-Running Processes with State in TIBCO's
BusinessWorks 122
Our Use Case—Sending Money by Email 122
The Router Process 124
The Request Process 125
The Transfer Process 127
The Cancellation Process 128
The Expiration Process 129
A Note on Implementation 130
[ ii ]
Table of Contents
Fast Short-Running BPEL 130
Uses of Short-Running Processes 130
Architecture for Short-Running Processes 132
Example of a Very Fast Process 134
Running the Very Fast Process on the Optimized Engine 135
Managing Inbound Events and Timeouts 136
Compiled Form 137
Compiled Code—What Not To Do 141
About the Examples 141
Summary 142
Chapter 6: Flat Form 145
Our Use Case: Credit Card Disputes 146
The Disputes Process as Requirements Flowchart 147
Disputes in BPEL—Naïve Form 151
Naïve BPEL 151
The Flatness of Naive Approach 154
Disputes in BPEL—Flat State Machine 155
Dispute State Diagram 155
State Diagram in BPEL 157
The Flatness of State Form 160
Disputes in BPEL: Flat Event Loop 161
The BPEL Event Loop 161
The Flatness of Event Form 164
Disputes in BPEL: Flat Control Flow 164
Arrow Surgery 164
Managing Flow in BPEL 167
The Flatness of Flow Form 168
Flat Concurrency 169
Long-Lived Concurrency 169
How Not to Design the Voting Process 170
The Flat Voting Process 171
Advantages and Disadvantages of Flat Form 173
About the Examples 175
Summary 175
Chapter 7: Dynamic Processes and the Change Problem 177
The Change Problem 178
A Risky Change 179
A Riskier Change 180
The "Change Region" 182
Poor Man's Change: Versioning 182
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