Table Of ContentPROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH.
108(4), 2006, pp. 822-829
RESURRECTION OF THE PLANT BUG GENUS PAPPUS DISTANT, WITH
CLARIFICATION OF INCLUDED SPECIES (HEMIPTERA:
HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE)
THOMAS J. HENRY
Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, Agricultural Research Service, U.S.
Department of Agriculture, c/o National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian
Institution, P.O. Box 37012, MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013-7012, U.S.A. (e-
mail: [email protected])
Abstract.4The genus Pappus (revised status), with P. sordidus Distant as the type
species, is resurrected from synonymy under the orthotyline genus Ceratocapsus
Reuter, redescribed, transferred to the subfamily Mirinae, tribe Mirini, and shown to
be the senior synonym of Platy/ygus Van Duzee, new synonymy. As a result, the 31
species previously placed in Platylygus represent new combinations in the genus
Pappus. Pappus breviceps Osborn and Drake is transferred from the subfamily
Orthotylinae, tribe Ceratocapsini, in the genus Ceratocapsus Reuter to the subfamily
Mirinae, nominate tribe Mirini, as a member of the genus 7ropidosteptes Uhler and
as a junior synonym of 7. fasciatus (Distant), new synonymy. Pappus egens Distant
and P. insignis Distant are tentatively retained in the genus Ceratocapsus
(Orthotylinae: Ceratocapsini), pending further study; Pappus sordidus and Tropido-
steptes fasciatus are redescribed; and a dorsal photograph for each of the four species
is provided.
Key Words: Heteroptera, Miridae, Mirinae, Pappus, Platylygus, new and revised
synonymies, new combinations
Distant (1884) described the genus included species in synonymy under
Pappus to accommodate P. sordidus, Ceratocapsus Reuter, including P. brevi-
the type species of the genus, from ceps and P. sordidus. Schuh9s (1995: 90)
Guatemala, and later added P. egens annotation <8syn. by ?= under Pappus
and P. insignis, both from Panama suggests he was misled by Carvalho
(Distant 1893). Subsequently, Osborn (1958), who placed P.. egens and P.:
and Drake (1915) described P. breviceps insignis in the orthotyline genus Cerato-
from Guatemala. Carvalho (1958) trans- capsus and later incorrectly included
ferred P. egens and P. insignis to the these two species as mirines in Pappus
orthotyline genus Ceratocapsus Reuter, (Carvalho 1959).
but maintained Pappus in the subfamily In this paper, the genus Pappus, with
Mirinae to include P. breviceps and P. P. sordidus Distant as the type species, 1s
sordidus (and, in error, also included the redescribed, resurrected from synonymy
already-removed P. egens and P. in- under the orthotyline genus Ceratocap-
signis) (Carvalho 1959). Schuh (1995) sus, transferred to the subfamily Mirinae,
erred in placing Pappus and all of its nominate tribe Mirini, and shown to be
VOLUME 108, NUMBER 4 823
the senior synonym of Platylygus Van weakly punctate corium; weakly punc-
Duzee. Pappus breviceps is transferred tate and transversely rugose clavus; and
from the genus Ceratocapsus to the distinct tubercle on genital capsule above
subfamily Murinae, tribe Mirini, as the left paramere.
a member of the genus Tropidosteptes Discussion.4I have studied the lecto-
Uhler and a junior synonym of T. type of Pappus sordidus Distant in the
fasciatus (Distant). Pappus egens Distant BMNH and find that it clearly belongs in
and P. insignis Distant (Orthotylinae: the subfamily Mirinae, tribe Muirini, as
Ceratocapsin1) are tentatively retained in a distinct genus. In addition, Pappus
the genus Ceratocapsus, P. sordidus and sordidus is unmistakably congeneric with
Tropidosteptes fasciatus are redescribed, members of the genus Platylygus Van
and a dorsal photograph of each of the Duzee. The overall oblong oval body
four species is provided to help distin- shape, elongate head, reddish-brown
guish these long-overlooked plant bugs coloration, surface texture, long labium
from other Miridae. A list of the species extending beyond the metacoxae, and
formerly placed in Platylygus is given male genitalia unite all of the species in
to reflect their new generic combina- the genus. Pappus sordidus readily keys
tions. in Kelton and Knight (1970) to Platyly-
Acronyms for collections cited in the gus crassicornis Kelton, one of two
paper are as follows: BMNH (The previously known species having some-
Natural History Museum, London); what thickened or incrassate antennae.
OSU (Ohio State University, Columbus): As a consequence, I resurrect the genus
USNM (National Museum of Natural Pappus, with P. sordidus as the type
History, Washington, D. C.). species, and synonymize Platylygus as
a junior synonym.
Pappus Distant, revised status The following is a summary of the
literature, the current placement of each
Pappus Distant 1884: 266 (orig. descrip.);
of the four species previously placed in
Carvalho 1952a: 91 (list); Carvalho
Pappus, and a list reflecting new combi-
1959: 269 (cat.). Type species: Pappus
nations for the species formerly placed in
sordidus Distant, 1884. Monotypic.
Platylygus. Kelton and Knight (1970)
Platylygus Van Duzee 1915: 111 (orig.
described, illustrated male genitalia, and
GeSGhip):) =.a rvalho, 19592, 226 .(cat.);
provided a key to the 31 known species
Kelton and Knight 1970: 1429 (de-
(as Platylygus), excluding P. sordidus.
scrip., key); Kelton 1980: 135 (diag.,
key); Henry and Wheeler 1988: 352
Pappus sordidus (Distant),
feat) Scouh 995: 919 (cat.), ype
revised combination
species: Lygidea rubecula var. lurida
(Fig. 1)
Reuter, 1909. Monotypic. New synon-
ymy. Pappus sordidus Distant 1884: 266 (orig.
descrip.); Atkinson 1890: 69 (list);
Diagnosis.4This genus is recognized
Carvalho 1952a: 91 (as type of genus);
by the elongate-oval, somewhat flattened
Carvalho 1952b: 6 (list); Carvalho
body; overall reddish-brown coloration
1959: 186 (cat.); Carvalho and Dolling
variously tinged with red; impunctate,
1976: 807 (lectotype desig.).
often finely striate, porrect head; long
Ceratocapsus sordidus: Schuh 1995: 96
labium extending beyond metacoxae,
(cat.):
often to the base of the male genital
capsule; finely punctate to rugose pro- Diagnosis.4Recognized by the overall
notum except for the smooth calli; elongate-oval shape, reddish-brown col-
824 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
oration, somewhat elongate head, finely arm weakly bifid distally; right para-
punctate dorsum, subequally thickened mere elongate oval, somewhat paddle
antennal segments I and II, and the long shaped.
labium that extends to the middle of the Host.4Unknown, but based on the
abdomen. known habits of other species in the
Description..4_Lectotype ¢: Length to genus (Kelton and Knight 1970), P.
apex of hemelytra 5.58 mm, length to sordidus will almost certainly prove to
base of cuneus 4.12 mm, width 1.88 mm. be a pine (Pinus sp.) specialist.
Head: Length 0.84 mm, width 1.10 mm, Distribution.4 Known 4 only from
vertex 0.44mm. Labium: Length Guatemala.
3.42 mm, extending to base of genital Discussion.4Pappus sordidus runs to
capsule. Antenna: Segment I, length P. crassicornis Kelton in Kelton and
0.72 mm; subapical diameter 0.14 mm; Knight9s (1970) key to the species of
ent e210 naman: subapical diameter Platylygus based on the glabrous dor-
0.18 mm; III, 0.70 mm; IV, 0.60 mm.
sum, long rostrum lacking red dots or
Pronotum: Length 0.96 mm, basal width
lines, short tibial setae, uniformly col-
1.70 mm.
ored clavus and corium, unmarked
Coloration: Overall coloration orange
scutellum, short setae on the antennae,
to reddish brown; antennal segments II4
prominent anterior pronotal angles, the
IV, clavus, inner half of corium, cuneus,
thickened antennae, and small size. It
and membranal veins more tinged with
can be distinguished from P. crassicornis
red; membrane smoky brown.
by the smaller size (¢ length 5.58 mm vs
Structure and vestiture: Elongate oval;
2° length 6.80 mm for P. crassicornis),
head, smooth, impunctate, wider than
the small slender tubercle above the left
long, frons and clypeus protruding in
paramere (vs. a large bulbous tubercle
front of eyes by dorsal length of one eye.
for P. crassicornis), the slender, apically
Labium long, extending to base of
acute basal process of the left paramere
genital capsule; segment I stout, extend-
(vs. shorter, more bluntly rounded for
ing to bases of procoxae; segment II-IV
P. crassicornis), and the less prominent
slender, half or less the diameter of I.
<shoulder= opposing the apical hook on
Pronotum trapeziform, finely punctate,
the right paramere (vs. a prominent
except for smooth area across calli; collar
shoulder [fig. 22B-s in Kelton and
distinct, lateral margins straight, basal
Knight 1970] for P. crassicornis). Be-
margin weakly rounded; scutellum equi-
lateral, impunctate. Hemelytron subpar- cause P. sordidus is known only from the
allel, corium finely punctate, clavus lectotype male, I have not dissected the
transversely rugose with some fine punc- genitalia but, almost certainly, additional
tures, cuneus two times as long as wide; characters will be revealed upon closer
membrane entire with two closed cells. examination of these structures.
Legs slender, glabrous on femora to Specimens examined.4GUATEMA-
weakly pubescent on tibiae; tibiae ap- LA: Lectotype ¢: Label 1 (circular label
pearing unarmed, tibial spines short and with narrow purple outer ring), <<Lecto-
weak, only slightly stouter than and type9; label 2, <SS. Geronimo, Guate-
easily confused with short recumbent mala, Champion=; label 3 (handwritten),
setae; parempodia divergent. Male gen- <8Pappus sordidus Dist.=; label 4 (red
italia not dissected; aperture large, open, printed label here added), <LECTO-
with a short, slender tubercle above base TYPE: ¢ Pappus sordidus Distant, desig.
of left paramere; left paramere C-shaped, by J.C.M. Carvalho & D. R. Dolling=
with a distinct, slender basal process, (BMNH).
VOLUME 108, NUMBER 4 825
New combinations for Species Formerly Pappus pilosus (Kelton), 1970. New
Placed in the Genus Platylygus combination.
Pappus pseudotsugae (Kelton), 1970.
Pappus alpinus (Kelton), 197.0 New
New combination.
combination.
Pappus rolfsi (Knight), 1970. New com-
Pappus andrei (Knight), 1970. New com-
bination.
bination.
Pappus rubripes (Knight), 1970. New
Pappus angulatus (Kelton), 1970. New
combination.
combination.
Pappus scutellatus (Kelton), 1970. New
Pappus aztecus (Kelton), 1970. New
combination.
combination.
Pappus teocotae (Kelton), 1970. New
Pappus balli (Knight), 1970. New combi-
combination.
nation.
Pappus usingeri (Knight), 1970. New
Pappus brevirostris (Kelton), 1970. New
combination.
combination.
Pappus vanduzeei (Usinger), 1931. New
Pappus chamulans (Kelton), 1970. New
combination.
combination.
Pappus chiapasensis (Kelton), 1970. New Tropidosteptes fasciatus (Distant)
combination.
(Fig. 2)
Pappus contortae (Kelton), 1970. New
combination. Neoborus fasciatus Distant 1893: 436
Pappus crassicornis (Kelton), 1970. New (orig. descrip.).
combination. Pappus breviceps Osborn and Drake,
Pappus crinitus (Kelton), 1970. New 952533) (Onig, Gescrip)); 1Canvallio
combination. 1959: 186 (cat.). New synonymy.
Pappus fuliginosus (Knight), 1918. New Tropidosteptes fasciatus: Carvalho 1959:
combination. 271 (cat.); Carvalho 1986: 404 (de-
Pappus grandis (Knight), 1918. New scrip.); Carvalho and Dolling 1976:
combination. 797 (lectotype desig.); Schuh 1995: 968
Pappus hirtus (Knight), 1970. New com- (cat.).
bination. Ceratocapsus breviceps: Schuh 1995: 91
Pappus intermedius (Knight), 1918. New (cat.).
combination.
Diagnosis.4This_ species is_ distin-
Pappus_ keltoni (Knight), 1970. New guished from all other species of Tropi-
combination. dosteptes by the overall yellowish-brown
Pappus knighti (Kelton), 1970. New
coloration, the black clypeus and anten-
combination. nal segments I and II, the narrow trans-
Pappus longirostris (Kelton), 1970. New verse red lines on the frons, the raised,
combination. impunctate calli, pale median line of the
Pappus luridus (Reuter), 1909. New scutellum, the shiny reddish-brown, cir-
combination. cular areas on the meso- and metapleura,
Pappus magnus (Kelton), 1970. New and the yellowish-brown femora each
combination. with a reddish subapical spot.
Pappus mexicanus (Kelton), 1970. New Description.4Holotype ¢ (Pappus
combination. breviceps): Length to apex of hemelytra
Pappus_ piceicola (Kelton), 1970. New 4.15mm, length to base of cuneus
combination. 3.30 mm, width 1.50 mm. Head: Length
Pappus pilosipes (Kelton), 1970. New 0.40 mm, width 0.96 mm, vertex 0.34 mm.
combination. Labium: Length 0.96 mm, extending to
826 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
3 %
Figs. 1-4. 1, Lectotype of Pappus sordidus, dorsal aspect. 2, Tropidosteptes fasciatus (holotype male of
Tropidosteptes breviceps), dorsal aspect. 3, Lectotype of Ceratocapsus egens, dorsal aspect. 4, Holotype of
Ceratocapsus insignis, dorsal aspect.
VOLUME 108, NUMBER 4 827
middle of prosternum just past bases indistinct punctures across base and
of procoxae. Antenna: Segment I, narrowly along inner margin of eye, base
length 0.58 mm; II, 1.50 mm; III, miss- with a distinct narrow carina; frons with
ing; IV, 0.38 mm (imbedded in glue). a median groove and 6 or 7 shallow,
Pronotum: Length 0.93 mm, basal width transverse striations. Pronotum trapezi-
1.42 mm. form; uniformly and deeply punctate,
Lectotype ° (Neoborus fasciatus): Length except on raised calli; collar distinct;
to apex of hemelytra 4.80 mm, length to posterior margin weakly rounded; lateral
base of cuneus 3.92 mm, width 1.72 mm. margins weakly constricted near middle,
Head: Length 0.46 mm, width 1.00 mm, anterior lobe separated from posterior
vertex 0.40 mm. Labium: Length ca lobe by a wide, transverse, impressed line
0.88 mm (bent). Antenna: Segment I, bordering hind margins of calli; scutel-
length 0.58 mm; II, 1.42; Ili, 0.58 mm; lum slightly longer than wide, trans-
IV, 0.38 mm. Pronotum: Length 1.00 versely rugose intermixed with punc-
mm, basal width 1.48 mm. tures. Hemelytron evenly punctate, ex-
Coloration: Overall yellowish brown. cept for smooth cuneus. Dorsum thickly
Head pale yellowish brown, clypeus clothed with recumbent, pale brown,
black, eyes fuscous, nearly black, frons simple setae.
and vertex with 6 to 7 narrow, trans- Male genitalia of holotype (and only
verse, brown to reddish-brown lines. known male) of P. breviceps not dissect-
Labium pale yellowish brown, with apex ed. See Kelton (1959) for illustrations of
of segment IV dark brown. Antenna male genitalia of Tropidosteptes cardina-
uniformly fuscous to black, except for lis Uhler (fig. 18), 7. (as NXenoborus)
narrow pale base of segment I and pale commissuralis Reuter (fig. 21), 7. (as
apical % of segment III. Pronotum Xenoborus) plagifer Reuter (fig. 20), and
yellowish brown; basal margin narrowly T. rufusculus Knight (fig. 19).
pale yellowish brown, subbasal margin Distribution 4Now 4 known from
and narrow lateral margins darker Guatemala, Mexico, and Panama.
brown, transverse band bordering poste- Discussion.4Comparison of the holo-
rior margins of calli reddish to reddish type of Pappus breviceps with the lecto-
brown; collar and narrow basal margin type of 7. fasciatus revealed that the two
pale yellow to almost white; scutellum are clearly conspecific, agreeing in color
brown to dark brown, with a dark line or and all external structures. Tropido-
patch on either side of pale median line. steptes fasciatus is most similar to T.
Hemelytron uniformly yellowish brown, scaber (Distant) in having an overall
darker brown on clavus and inner half of yellowish-brown coloration, the black
corium. Ventral surface of thorax yel- clypeus and antennal segments I and II,
lowish brown with circular meso- and and the fuscous to reddish-brown pleural
metapleural patch shiny reddish brown; areas, but 7: fasciatus differs in lacking
metathoracic auricle almost white with the transverse red lines on the frons, and
a red streak through middle; abdomen having less-raised calli, a pale rather than
yellowish brown, darker brown or fus- fuscous median line on the scutellum,
cous on dorsum of genital capsule. Legs and femora with only a large, subapical,
uniformly yellowish brown; each femur red spot rather than reddish bands.
with a subapical red spot on anterior Specimens examined.4Lectotype &
face; metatibia with a diffused reddish (Neoborus fasciatus): label 1 (circular
band at base and through middle. with purple outer ring), <Lectotype=;
Structure and vestiture: Head wider label 2, <<Atoyac, Vera Cruz, Mexico,
than long, impunctate except for a few May, Hols iS:imith|ii label9 SAiesp.
828 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
figured=; label 4 (handwritten), <<Neo- Ceratocapsus insignis: Carvalho 1952b: 8
borus tasciatus: Dist;= labels) (Ged): (new comb.); Carvalho 1958(3): 46
8Lectotype Neoborus fasciatus Distant (cat.); Carvalho and Dolling 1976:
designated by Carvalho and Dolling, 799 (holotype info.); Schuh 1995: 93
1976= (BMNH). Paralectotype ° (Neo- (Gaiua)e
borus fasciatus): Label 1 (circular with
Discussion.4As with C. egens, Car-
narrow blue outer ring), <<Paralecto-
valho (1952b, 1958) correctly transferred
type99; label 2, <<David, Chiriqui [Pana-
C. insignis to the genus Cerdatocapsus in
ma], Champion=; label 3, <Distant Coil.
the subfamily Orthotylinae, now in the
19II=3837>) label 94= (handwritten),
tribe Ceratocapsini, and, subsequently,
8fasciatus Dist.==> (BMNH). Holotype _
erred in giving a duplicate listing this
(Pappus breviceps): label 1 <<Los Amates,
species in the mirine genus Pappus
Guatemala, 2/18421/05 [J. S. Hine coll.,
(Carvalho 1959:186), apparently the
as per Osborn and Drake, 1915]9; label
result of a /apsus. Unlike C. egens,
2, <Herbert Osborn collection=; label 3
however, the holotype and only known
add type label (OSU).
specimen of C. insignis is a female, which
Ceratocapsus egens (Distant) will make a positive generic placement of
(Fig. 3) this species in my forthcoming revision-
ary work more difficult.
Pappus egens Distant 1893: 429 (orig.
descrip.); Carvalho 1959: 186 (cat., in ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
error). I am grateful to Charles Triplehorn
Ceratocapsus egens: Carvalho 1952b: 6
(OSU) for lending the Osborn and Drake
(n. comb.); Carvalho 1958(3): 46 (cat.);
type of P. breviceps, Mick Webb
Carvalho and Dolling 1976: 796 (lec-
(BMNH) for access to Distant types
totype desig.); Schuh 1995: 92 (cat.).
during my visit to London in 2005,
Michael D. Schwartz (Canadian Nation-
Discussion.4Carvalho (1952b, 1958)
correctly transferred C. egens to the al Collection of Insects, Ottawa, On-
subfamily Orthotylinae, but erred by tario) for lending paratypes of Platylygus
giving duplicate records of this species crassicornis, and Michele Touchet (Sys-
in the subfamily Mirinae under Pappus tematic Entomology Laboratory [SEL],
(Carvalho 1959: 186). Since these papers, ARS, United States Department of
there has been general acceptance of the Agriculture, c/o USNM) for the photo-
previously synonymized tribe Ceratocap- graphs used in this paper. M. D.
sini to accommodate Ceratocapsus and Schwartz, G. L. Miller (SEL, Beltsville,
related genera (e.g., Carvalho et al. 1984; MD), M. G. Pogue (SEL, c/o USNM),
Henry 1985, 1994; Henry and Wheeler and A. G. Wheeler, Jr. (Clemson Uni-
1988). Placement of this species in the versity, SC) kindly reviewed this paper.
genus Ceratocapsus is tentative and will This paper represents a contribution to
be further dealt with in a forthcoming NSF Planetary Biodiversity Inventory
revision of the genus Ceratocapsus. award DEB-0316495, R. T. Schuh,
principal investigator.
Ceratocapsus insignis (Distant)
(Fig. 4) LITERATURE CITED
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VOLUME 108, NUMBER 4 829
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