REBE 11 2

247 Pages·2016·4.02 MB·English

Romanian Economic and Business Review – Vol. 11, No. 2 1
ROMANIAN ECONOMIC AND
BUSINESS REVIEW
EDITOR institutions and public policy, within both a national
Bogdan Glăvan and international context. REBE encourages cross-
Romanian American University disciplinary research work of Romanian and foreign
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Flavia Anghel EBSCO; EconLit; ProQuest; DOAJ; Index
Luminiţa Tuleaşcă Copernicus; RePec
Iuliu Ivănescu Author Information
Romanian American University
The ROMANIAN ECONOMIC AND
EDITORIAL BOARD BUSINESS REVIEW (REBE) is a refereed journal
Moisă Altăr, Romanian American University published four times annually by the Romanian-
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Galen Godbey, DeSales University
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Statement of Purpose Dr. Bogdan Glăvan
Romanian-American University
The Romanian Economic and Business Review Bulevardul Expoziţiei nr. 1B
(ISSN 1842-2497) intends to provide a forum for Bucureşti
academic analysis of the economic phenomena and E-mail: [email protected]
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ROMANIAN ECONOMIC AND
BUSINESS REVIEW

SUMMER 2016 VOLUME 11 N U M BER 2
4

ISSN 1842 – 2497
Romanian Economic and Business Review – Vol. 11, number 2 5
ROMANIAN ECONOMIC AND

BUSINESS REVIEW

CONTENTS

MARIA CRISTINA STĂNESCU FISCAL POLICIES – AN 9
DUMITRU MIHAI NEDELESCU INFLUENCING FACTOR IN THE
VALENTIN DIMON LABOUR MARKET UNDER THE
EUROPE 2020 STRATEGY

ARIFUZZAMAN KHAN ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, 19
SANDIP SARKER TRADE & OUTPUT IN
DELOWAR HOSSAIN BANGLADESH

ADENUGA FABIAN ADEKOYA EFFECT OF CRIME ON POVERTY 29
NOR AZAM ABDUL RAZAK IN NIGERIA

FLORIN BONCIU IMPACT OF THE SHARING 43
ECONOMY ON THE LABOR
MARKET
WAKILAT OLABISI BALOGUN STOCK MARKET DEVELOPMENT, 52
JAUHARI B DAHALAN LIBERALIZATION OF STOCK
SALLAHUDIN B HASSAN MARKET AND FINANCIAL
DEVELOPMENT IN THE
SELECTED SUB-SAHARAN
AFRICAN COUNTRIES

SPERANȚA PIRCIOG JOB GENERATION PROFILE 66
CRISTINA LINCARU EVALUATION FOR ROMANIA
USING SHAPLEY METHOD

RALUCA PARJOLEANU THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE 76
LEADER APPROACH IN ROMANIA

MARIANA BĂLAN COMPARATIVE ANALYSES ON 88
YOUTHS’ EMPLOYMENT AND
UNEMPLOYMENT IN ROMANIA
AND THE EUROPEAN UNION
DURING THE POST-CRISIS PERIOD
6 Contents

ION PÂRŢACHI ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS 100
EUGENIU GÂRLĂ IN THE REGIONAL AND GLOBAL
CONTEXT
DANIEL ŞTEFAN BELINGHER A THREE-DIMENSIONAL 112
APPROACH ON THE RICARDIAN
EQUIVALENCE IN ROMANIA

BOGDAN-LUCIAN DOSPINESCU BUSINESS CYCLES - ELECTORAL 123
CYCLES. THE INFLUENCE OF THE
ECONOMY ON VOTE INTENTION
IN LOCAL ELECTIONS IN
ROMANIA
CORNELIA DUMITRU A CHANGING LABOUR MARKET – 133
ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND JOBS

RALUCA IOANA IORGULESCU A CAUTIONARY TALE FOR 145
JOHN M. POLIMENI DIGITAL AGE TRANSITIONING:
THE IMPEDING POLARIZATION
EFFECTS

DANIELA MITRAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACT 154
OF THE YOUNG ENTREPRENEURS
PROGRAM IN ROMANIA

GABRIELA NEAGU THE IMPACT OF CAREER 161
EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITIES OF
THE PROFESSIONAL PATH OF THE
YOUNG

OANA CRISTINA POPOVICI DETERMINANTS OF FDI IN THE 173
NEW EU MEMBER STATES

CĂTĂLIN POPESCU THE NEED TO USE INNOVATIVE 183
MARIUS BULEARCĂ TOOLS OF LEARNING IN ORDER
TO GAIN RAPID AND
UPDATED KNOWLEDGE AND
SKILLS
REQUIRED ON THE LABOUR
MARKET
BRÎNDUŞA-MIHAELA RADU ROMANIAN EMPLOYMENT 192
DALINA-MARIA ANDREI DINAMIC ON DEVELOPMENT
INSIDE REGION

MĂLINA LUCIA TURCUŢ THE SMES IN THE CONTEXT OF 200
CURRENT MARKET LABOUR
Romanian Economic and Business Review – Vol. 11, number 2 7
ADRIAN CANTEMIR CĂLIN THE EFFECTS OF LABOR MARKET 207
NEWS ON INTERNATIONAL
FINANCIAL MARKETS

ECATERINA DELEU ACCESS TO THE ITALIAN LABOUR 216
MARKET OF MOLDOVAN YOUNG
PEOPLE OF THE SECOND
GENERATION OF IMMIGRANTS

MIHAELA SIMIONESCU THE INVESTMENT 223
DETERMINANTS FOR UNITED
KINGDOM COMPANIES

MIHAELA SAVU THE USE OF MARKOV CHAINS IN 232
DELIA TESELIOS FORECASTING EMPLOYED
POPULATION PERCENTAGE
VLAD CÂRSTEA THE DIESELGATE SCANDAL AND 242
ITS IMPLICATIONS ON THE LABOR
MARKET
8 Fiscal policies – an influencing factor in the labour market under the Europe 2020 Strategy
Romanian Economic and Business Review – Vol. 11, number 2 9
FISCAL POLICIES – AN INFLUENCING FACTOR IN THE LABOUR
MARKET UNDER THE EUROPE 2020 STRATEGY

Maria Cristina STĂNESCU
Dumitru Mihai NEDELESCU
Valentin DIMON

Abstract

Workforce Occupancy in the real economy and implicitly, policies governing this macroeconomic
phenomenon, were considered both at a declarative and factual level, as a priority on the agenda of all
decision makers both national and European, continuous efforts being made to harmonize employment
policies of the Member States in the European Union.

Keywords: Occupancy, strategies, Labour market, Fiscal policies.

JEL Classification: E, E6, E62

1. INTRODUCTION
In a broader sense, the labour market includes a number of issues related to
employment, unemployment, quality of work, productivity, earnings and labour cost.
This places the labour market among the most important topics to be included in any
debate on socio-economic problems and also among European Union policies. Thus, the
Europe 2020 Strategy has as the prime indicator the population employment rate. In this
regard, the EES (European Employment Strategy) aims to create more and better jobs in
the European Union.1
Considering these European strategies, each member state must develop its National
Employment Strategy and National Action Plan on Employment, both realistic and strongly
harmonized at EU level. Each of the pillars of the national strategy converge with the
objectives of the European Employment Strategy and they are adapted to specific situations.

2. EUROPEAN LABOUR MARKET TRENDS
In the European Union there are now serious concerns, both economic and social,
related to increasing the employment rate. In this respect, it is considered that there are
still large reserves to maintain the population in economic activities for a longer period
of time. This would have beneficial effects both in terms of increased production and
labour incomes for the population, and in relieving the national and community budgets

1 Albu L.L., Caraiani P., Iordan M., Perspectivele pieţei muncii din România în contextul Strategiei Europa 2020,
PROIECT Îmbunătăţirea capacităţii instituţionale, de evaluare şi formulare de politici macroeconomice în domeniul
convergenţei economice cu Uniunea Europeană a Comisiei Naţionale de Prognoză, cod SMIS 27153.
10 Fiscal policies – an influencing factor in the labour market under the Europe 2020 Strategy
of additional expenses on pensions, insurance and social assistance.2
In this context, European policymakers have developed the European Employment
Strategy, a document that covers a number of priority areas on Employment Policy,
among which: labour law, equal opportunities, social protection, labour protection,
eliminating social exclusion, combating discrimination and creating a functioning social
dialogue system to ensure consultation with social partners in decision-making with
social and economic impact at both national and European level.
Employment policy at EU level is an integral part of the set of complementary
policies that have continuously evolved together with models of socio-economic
development.
The European Social Fund is the first that aims to provide support for the realization
of social and employment policy. Thus we can see how the evolution of the
development of Member States has resulted in the completion of several stages of
maturation that culminated with the creation of a model known as the European Social
Model based on growth and social protection.
The changes that have occurred in the Member States were characterized by an
increase in labour demand that affected the general economic interest. Together with
amending the monetary system and the oil shock which determined the reduction of
activities in different sectors of the European economy, comes into play The Scandinavian
Social Protection Model for those who lose their jobs as a result of increased long-term
unemployment and reduced number of new jobs.
The state's role in the employment policy increases by introducing active measures
to encourage those that retain or create jobs in recession periods and by introducing a
series of softer measures such as the gradual closure of certain economic sectors due to
serious increase in unemployment, particularly in mono- industrial regions.
The 2000 Lisbon European Council set the strategic goal for 2010 - making the EU
the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy, providing an increased
number of jobs and social cohesion (growth, stability, cohesion).
The 2000 Lisbon Strategy aimed to stimulate reforms in the Member States to
create new jobs needed in the labour market, through promoting a culture of
entrepreneurship and SME development, supported by lifelong learning. 3
But the situation worsened during the global crisis which has seriously affected EU
countries. Thus, it was concluded that in Europe it is necessary to rethink how to
address the problem of economic inactivity of the population.
In late 2010, it turned out that the objective of the European Union, moreover
ambitious, to ensure active participation in the labour market of 70 % of its citizens
could not be achieved. The global crisis that has affected the European economy,
followed by the increasing number of unemployed, have moved European Union further

2 Albu L.L., Caraiani P., Iordan M., Perspectivele pieţei muncii din România în contextul Strategiei Europa 2020,
PROIECT Îmbunătăţirea capacităţii instituţionale, de evaluare şi formulare de politici macroeconomice în domeniul
convergenţei economice cu Uniunea Europeană a Comisiei Naţionale de Prognoză, cod SMIS 27153.
3 Albu L.L., Caraiani P., Iordan M., Perspectivele pieţei muncii din România în contextul Strategiei Europa 2020,
PROIECT Îmbunătăţirea capacităţii instituţionale, de evaluare şi formulare de politici macroeconomice în domeniul
convergenţei economice cu Uniunea Europeană a Comisiei Naţionale de Prognoză, cod SMIS 27153.