Table Of ContentOXFORD THEOLOGY AND RELIGION MONOGRAPHS
EditorialCommittee
J. BARTON M. N. A. BOCKMUEHL
M. J. EDWARDS P. S. FIDDES
G. D. FLOOD S. R. I. FOOT
D. N. J. MACCULLOCH G. WARD
OXFORD THEOLOGY AND RELIGION MONOGRAPHS
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Intercessory Prayer
and the Monastic Ideal
in the Time of the
Carolingian Reforms
RENIE S. CHOY
1
3
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Acknowledgements
This monograph is a slightly revised version of my doctoral dissertation
producedattheUniversityofOxfordwithgenerousfundingfromaClarendon
Fund Scholarship financed by the Oxford University Press, and a Pembroke
CollegeGraduateScholarship.
Important teachers have sustained my intellectual ambitions. My doctoral
supervisorSarahFootdidnotoncebelittlemyaudacitytosetaboutasubjectso
temporally, culturally, and linguistically foreign to me. With her training and
trust,IhavewrittenabookwhichanswersthequestionsIwantedtoask.Iwould
not have shown the qualities befitting a historian in the first place were it not
for the commitment of John Najemy, Rachel Weil, Douglas Sweeney, John
Woodbridge,ScottManetsch,andBrianE.Daleytotheirprofessionasteachers.
Ronald Kydd continues to take kindly interest in my vocational development.
JohnBentleyMays(requiescatinpace)followedtheprogressofthisprojectwith
his conversation and daily prayers. At the news of his passing, I have lost a
greatfriendandmentor,andreadthemetricalversequotedintheConclusion,
page204,inmemoryofhim.
I thank those who have assessed my work meticulously and charitably
over the course of my doctoral degree. Dame Janet Nelson and Professor
Conrad Leyser examined my thesis; Benedicta Ward, Lesley Smith, and
Isabelle Cochelin strengthened individual sections. The scholar who has
written most on the topic of my book is Albrecht Diem. Research which he
shared with me before publication, and the Monastic Manuscript Project, a
database which he hosts online, have enabled me to join in the discussion
about monastic intercessory prayer. I am grateful to the Delegates at Oxford
UniversityPress,theOxfordTheologyandReligionMonographsCommittee
including Diarmaid MacCulloch, the anonymous reader for the Press, the
commissioning editor Karen Raith, copy-editor Christine Ranft, and
proofreader Andrew Hawkey. I thank them all for their engagement with my
work.Despitetheirbestefforts,flawsremainthroughmyfaultalone.
Research for this dissertation was accomplished using the incomparable
monastichistorycollectionsattheBodleianLibraryatOxfordUniversity,the
WarburgInstituteinLondon,andthePontificalInstituteforMedievalStudies
in Toronto. Sections from the Introduction and Chapter4 have appeared as
separate articles in ‘The Deposit of Monastic Faith: The Carolingians on the
EssenceofMonasticism’,inP.ClarkeandC.Methuen,eds,TheChurchonits
Past, Studies in Church History 49 (Woodbridge, Suffolk, 2013), pp. 71–83;
‘Christian Letter-Writing: Seeking Meaning Behind Epistolary Clichés’, in
vi Acknowledgements
P.ClarkeandC.Methuen,eds,TheChurchandLiterature,StudiesinChurch
History 48 (Woodbridge, Suffolk, 2012), pp. 1–11. I also thank Brepols
Publishers for permission to reprint with minor changes my article ‘Praying
by the Rules: Carolingian Rules on Monastic and Clerical Intercession’, in
K. Pansters and A. Plunkett-Latimer, eds, Shaping Stability: The Normation
and Formation of Religious Life in the Middle Ages, Disciplina Monastica 11
(Turnhout,2016),pp.69–87.
I wish for Father Abbot Friedhelm and the brothers at the Abtei Korneli-
münster to receive this book in thanks for their hospitable welcome over
Eastertideof2015.Iasktheirpardonasthereisverylittletheywillnotalready
knowinthisbookabouttheidealsoftheirfirstfounder.
This work is offered in a spirit of profound gratitude for my parents
RaymondandJosephineChow,andmyparents-in-lawThomasandJeanette
Choy. My husband Nicholas made my doctoral degree his personal goal and
ambition:intruththisbookishisgifttome.
Forabookaboutmonasticism,itstrikesmeaspeculiarthatmymainpoints
of human contact during its production were not monks and nuns, but my
children,allbornatvariouspointsbetweenitsinceptionandcompletion.On
the little river Inde in Germany is the place where Benedict of Aniane built his
famedmonastery.ItisalsothespotwhereweplayedPoohsticksoneunforgettable
afternoon. Watching my children that day, it became clear that they were the
expertsinspiritualbeing,alreadypossessingthosethingswhichthemonkstoiled
to achieve in their cloisters: charity, faith, largeness of heart, purity of soul,
truephilosophy,insightintocelestialbliss.IdedicatethisworktoTehila,Torrens,
andThomas.
November2016
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,27/9/2016,SPi
Contents
Abbreviations ix
NoteonScripturalCitations xi
Introduction 1
1. PrayingbytheRules 25
2. LiturgicalIntercessionandMonasticTheology 48
3. LiturgicalIntercessionthroughthePsalms 76
4. IntercessionforMonasticCompanions 98
5. IntercessionforRulers 131
6. IntercessionforSociety 161
Conclusion 193
Bibliography 207
Index 231
Abbreviations
ANF Ante-NiceneFathers,ed.A.RobertsandJ.Donaldson(Edinburgh,
1885–1896;repr.GrandRapids,MI,1978–81)
CCM CorpusConsuetudinumMonasticarum.Vol.1,InitiaConsuetudinis
Benedictinae,ed.K.Hallinger(Siegburg,1963);Vol.8,Smaragdi
abbatisexpositioinregulams.Benedicti,ed.A.Spannageland
P.Engelbert(Siegburg,1974)
CCCM CorpusChristianorum,ContinuatioMediaevalis(Turnhout,1966– )
CCSL CorpusChristianorum,SeriesLatina(Turnhout,1952– )
CSEL CorpusScriptorumEcclesiasticorumLatinorum(Vienna,1866– )
DACL Dictionnaired’archéologiechrétienneetdeliturgie,ed.F.Cabroland
H.Leclercq,15volsin30(Paris,1907–53)
HBS HenryBradshawSociety(London,1890– )
MGH
Cap CapitulariaregumFrancorum,ed.A.Boretius,2vols(Hanover,
1883–97)
Conc ConciliaAeviCarolini,ed.A.Werminghoff,2vols(Hanover,
1906–08)
Diplomata DiplomataRegumFrancorumeStirpeMerovingica,ed.T.Kölzer,
2vols(Hanover,2001)
DiplomataKarolinorumI.Pippini,Carlomanni,CaroliMagni
Diplomata,ed.E.Mühlbacher(Hanover,1906)
Epp 1and2.GregoriiIpapaeRegistrumepistolarum,ed.P.Ewaldand
M.Hartmann,2vols(Berlin,1891and1899)
3.EpistulaeMerovingicietKaroliniAevi,ed.W.Gundlach(Hanover,
1892)
4–7.EpistolaeKaroliniAevi,ed.E.Dümmler(Hanover,1892–95)
EppSel 1.EpistolaeSelectae,ed.M.Tangl,DieBriefedesheiligenBonifatius
undLullus(Berlin,1916)
Poetae PoetaeLatiniAeviCarolini,ed.E.Dümmler,5vols(Hanover,
1881–99)
SRM ScriptoresRerumMerovingicarum,ed.B.KruschandW.Levison,
7vols(Hanover,1885–1920)
SRG SRGScriptoresrerumGermanicaruminusumscholarumseparatim
editi(Hanover,1871–1987)
SS Scriptores(inFolio),ed.varia,37vols(Hanover,1824–2000)
