Innovation and Growth: From R&D Strategies of Innovating Firms to Economy-wide Technological Change

368 Pages·2012·1.55 MB·English

by  M. Andersson et al. (eds.)

Innovation and Growth
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Innovation and Growth
From R&D Strategies of Innovating Firms
to Economy-Wide Technological Change
Edited by
Martin Andersson, Börje Johansson,
Charlie Karlsson, and Hans Lööf
1
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Preface
This book is part of the outcome of a long-term project on innovation and
growth, initiated by the Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation
Studies(CESIS)attheRoyalInstituteofTechnology(KTH)andtheJönköping
International Business School (JIBS). The project is financed by the Swedish
Governmental Agency for Innovation System (VINNOVA). The first ideas
forthisprojectwerecommunicatedwithVINNOVAasearlyas2007and we
started to contact the contributing authors shortly after the project was
decided.
We are happy that authors in this volume found the idea for this book
interesting and we are proud of the outcome. We believe that this volume,
whichincludescontributionsbyscholarsfromdifferentdisciplines,working
with different types of data and methods, but centred on a core issue of
innovating firms, heterogeneity, and economy-wide effects, will fill a gap
in the literature. The set of contributing authors is composed of respected
scholarswithaninternationallyrecognizedexpertisewithinspecificcontexts
of the relationship between innovation and growth. The volume comprises
contributions and perspectives from both economics and business scholars,
working in particular in the fields of international business and business
strategy. We maintain that innovation research is a field where these disci-
plinesshouldandindeeddomeeteachother.
We have of course had a lot of support from our colleagues and home
universities in this project. We primarily wish to thank Kerstin Ferroukhi at
JIBS for all her help with administrative and organizational matters. We are
also grateful to Pardis Nabavi Larijani at KTH for helping us to format the
manuscripttofittheguidelinesfromOxfordUniversityPress.Finally,weowe
gratitudetoAdamSwallowandAimeeWrightatOxfordUniversity Pressfor
allhelpandconstructivecommentsonthebookvolume.
Duringthisprojectweorganizedfourworkshopswheretheprojectpartici-
pants (i.e. the contributing authors) met and presented chapter drafts,
exchanged ideas and discussed various issues. A first workshop took place
in Autumn 2009, and was hosted by the School of Public Policy, George
MasonUniversity,FairfaxVA,USA.Wearegratefulinparticulartoprofessors
Preface
Kingsley Haynes, Roger Stough, and David Hart for making this workshop
possibleattheirinstitutionandforalltheirhelpandsupportintheprepara-
tions. The second workshop was hosted by the Institute for Economic
GeographyandGIScienceattheViennaUniversityofBusinessandEconom-
ics in Vienna, Austria, in April 2010. We wish to thank Professor Manfred
Fischer for making this possible and Thomas Seyffertitz for helping us with
all practical matters such as booking of hotel rooms, workshop rooms, and
restaurants.ThethirdworkshoptookplaceattheGuöVärdshusinBlekingein
June2010.ForthiseventweacknowledgeadministrativehelpfromEleonore
Huang Vogel at the Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), and financial
support from BTH Innovation and the School of Management at BTH. The
last workshop was arranged at JIBS in Jönköping to coincide with the 50th
European Congress of the Regional Science International, August 2010, and
weherewishtothankKerstinFerroukhiforallherhelpinthepreparations.
November2011 JönköpingandStockholm
MartinAndersson,BörjeJohansson,
CharlieKarlsson,HansLööf
vi
Contents
ListofFigures ix
ListofTables xi
Abbreviations xiv
NotesonContributors xv
Introduction:InnovationandGrowth—FromR&DStrategiesof
InnovatingFirmstoEconomy-WideTechnologicalChange 1
MartinAndersson,BörjeJohansson,CharlieKarlsson,andHansLööf
PartI. UnderstandingtheR&DStrategiesoftheInnovatingFirm
1. ManagingKnowledgeWithinandOutsidetheMultinational
Corporation 21
PaulAlmeidaandAnuPhene
2. TheDynamicsofInnovationStrategies 38
BartVerspagenandTommyHøyvardeClausen
3. SuperstarSubsidiariesoftheMultinationalCorporation:
InSearchofOriginsandDrivers 57
KatarinaBlomkvist,PhilipKappen,andIvoZander
4. KnowledgeAccessionStrategiesandtheSpatial
OrganizationofR&D 88
JohnCantwellandFengZhang
PartII. Firm-LevelReturntoR&DStrategies
5. HowGoodArePatentsasInnovationIndicators?
EvidencefromGermanCISData 115
AlfredKleinknechtandHenkJanReinders
6. TheImportanceofProcessandProductInnovationfor
ProductivityinFrenchManufacturingandServiceIndustries 128
JacquesMairesseandStephaneRobin
Contents
7. R&DCollaborationandInnovativePerformance 160
RenéBelderbos,GeertDuysters,andAnnaSabidussi
8. R&DStrategyandFirmPerformance:WhatIstheLong-Run
ImpactofPersistentR&D? 182
HansLööf,BörjeJohansson,MartinAndersson,andCharlieKarlsson
PartIII. BeyondtheFirm:Economy-WideEffectsofR&DStrategies
9. TechnologicalCongruenceandProductivityGrowth 209
CristianoAntonelli
10. Spillover,Linkages,andProductivityGrowthintheUSEconomy,
1958to2007 233
EdwardN.Wolff
11. R&DSpillovers,Entrepreneurship,andGrowth 266
ZoltanJ.Acs
12. InnovationandGrowth:ATechnicalorEntrepreneurialResidual? 286
PontusBraunerhjelm
13. FrameworkConditionsforHigh-PotentialEntrepreneurship:
ATheoreticalStructureanditsImplications 317
DavidM.Hart
IV. Reflections
AuthorIndex 339
SubjectIndex 342
viii
List of Figures
1 Cumulativedistributionoffirmsaccordingtovalueaddedperemployee
andgrossprofitsperemployee 6
1.1 Knowledgemanagementandmanagerialability 33
3.1 Numberofentriesintotechnologiesnewtotheentiremultinational
group(USPTOclasses)—SKF’sGermansubsidiary 63
3.2 Numberofentriesintotechnologiesnewtotheentiremultinational
group(USPTOclasses)—AlfaLaval’sUSsubsidiary 63
3.3 Criticaldriversofsuperstarsubsidiarydevelopment 79
5.1 Percentagesofinnovatorsthatapplyforpatents 119
5.2 Averagepropensitiestopatentproductinnovationsacrossindustries:
Threeindependentsourcescompared(foreachsource,themeanisset
equalto100) 119
7.1 TrendsinR&Dalliances 162
7.2 PerformancedriversofR&Dcooperation 164
7.3 Therelationshipbetweenalliancesandinnovativeperformance
(inpercentages) 168
8.1 Salesperemployee1997–2006.1,000SEK.Currentprices 192
8.2 Valueaddedperemployee1997–2006.1,000SEK.Currentprices 192
8.3 Exportsperemployee1997–2006.1,000SEK.Currentprices 193
9.1 Frontierofpossibleinnovationsincapital-andlabour-abundant
countries 216
9.2 Outputelasticityandcongruenceefficiency 225
12.1a ThenumberofstudentswithatertiaryeducationinChina,theEU,
Japan,andtheUSA,2000–2008 289
12.1b ThenumberofstudentswitharesearcheducationinChina,theEU,
Japan,andtheUSA,2000–2008 290
12.2 R&DexpendituresinrelationtoGDPandannualgrowthin33
OECDcountries,2001–2009 290
12.3 EU’sinnovationperformanceindexandGDPlevelpercapita,
2006–2010 291