Table Of ContentHANDBOOK OF THE
BIRDS
OF INDIA
AND PAKISTAN
TOGETHER WITH THOSE OF BANGLADESH,
NEPAL, SIKKIM, BHUTAN AND SRI LANKA
S ~ I MALI
AND
S. DILLON RIPLEY
With contributions by T. J. Roberts
Volume 10
FLOWERPECKERS TO BUNTINGS
Synopsis Nos. 1892-2060
Colour Plates 99- 106
SECOND EDITION
Sponsored by the
Bombay Natural History Socie~
DELHI
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
CALCUl'TA CHENNAI MUMBAI
1999
INDEX TO THE VOLUMES BY FAMILY
Salpornitinae (Sittidae), 9 Tichodromadinae (Sittidae), 9
Lorin ~ m e s(f or English names see back endpaper) Scolopacinac (Charadriidae) , 2 Timaliinae (Murcicapidae), 6-7
Sittidae, 9 ~rkglod~tidae9,
Accipitridae, I Japnidae, 2 Sittinae (Sittidae), 9 Trogonidue, 4
Aegithalinae (Paridac), 9 Jynginae (Picidac), 4 Stercorariidae, 3 Turdinae (Murcicapidae), 8-9
Alaudidae, 5 Strigidae, 3 Turnicidae, 2
,
Alcedinidae, 4 Laniidae, 5 Stumidae, 5 Tytoninae (Strigidae), 3
Anatidae, 1 Laridae, 3 Sulidae, 1
Apodidae, 4 Sylviinae (Muscicapidae), 8 Upupidae, 4
Ardeidae, 1 Mcgapodiidae, 2
Arramidae, 5 Meropidae, 4 Threskiomithidae, 1 Zosteropidae, 10
Monarchinac (Muscicapidae), 7
Bom bycillidae, 5 Motacillidae, 9
Bucerotidae, 4 Muscicapidae, 6-9
Burhinidae.3 Monarchinac, 7 DATE DUE
Muscicapinae, 7
Carnpephagidae, 6 Pachycephalinae, 7 I I I
Capitonidae, 4 Sylviinae, 8
Caprimulgidae,4 Timaliinac, 6 7
Carduelinae (Fringillidae), 10 Turdinae, 8-9
Ccrthiidae, 9 Muscicapinae, 7
Charadriidae, 2
Ciconiidae, 1 Nectariniidae, 10
Cinclidae, 9
Columbidae, 3 Oriolidae, 5
Coraciidae, 4 Otididae, 2
Cowidae, 5
Cuculidae, 3 Pachyccphalinae (Muscicapidae), 7
Paridae, 9
Dicacidae, 10 Parinae (Paridae), 9
Dicruridae, 5 Passerinae (Ploceidae), 10
Dromadidae, 2 Pelecanidae, 1
Phaethontidae, 1
Emberizidae, 10 Phalacrocoracidae, 1
Estrildinae ( Ploceidae), 10 Phalaropinae (Charadriidae), 2
Eurylaimidae, 4 Phasianidac, 2
~hocnico~teridae1 ,
Falconidae, 1 Picidae, 4
Picinae, 4
Fregatidae, I
F~ingillidae. 10 Picumninae (Picidae), 4
Fringillinae (Fringillidae), 10 Pittidac, 4
Ploceidae, 10
Ploceinac (Ploceidie), 10
Gaviidae, I
Glareolidae, 3 Podargidae, 4
Gruidae, 2 Podicipitidae, 1
Proccllariidae, 1
I I I
Haematopodidae, 2 Prunellidae, 9 Demo, I~c3.8 -293
Heliornithidae, 2 Psittacidae, 3
Hemiprocninae (Apodidae), 4 Pteroclididae, 3
Hirundinidae, 5 Pycnonotidae, 6
Hydrobatidae, 1
Hypoooliinae (Bombycillidac), 5 Rallidae, 2
Recurvirostridae, 2
Remizinae (Paridae), 9
Indicatoridae, 4
Ircnidae, 6 Roatratulidae, 2
Odord University Pmss, Great C~amndonS twet, Odod 0x2 6Df
Odord New York
Athens Auckland Bangkok Calcutta
Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi
Florence Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi
Kuala Lwnpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City
Mwnbai Naimbi Pans Singapore
Taipei Tokyo Toronto
and associates in
Berlin Ibadan
O Oxford University Press, 1974, 1998
Scilim Ali 1896
Sidney Dillon Ripley 1913
First published 1969
Second edition 1999
ISBN 0 19 563708 9
Tjpeset by Sheel Arts, Delhi 110 092
Printed at Rekha Printers Pvt. hd., New Delhi 110 020
and published by Manzar Khan, Odorid University Pmss
YMCA Library Building, Jai Singh Road, New Delhi 110 001
CONTENTS
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . .
Terms used in the description of a bird's plumage
and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . a,.
Vlll
Systematic index . . . . . . . . . . ix
List of colour plates . . . . . . . . . . xiv
Changes in territorial names . . . . . . . . xvii
Descriptive text . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
References cited . . . . . . . . . .
Index to Vol. 10 . . . . . . . . . .
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
IN Volume 10 of the first edition (pp. vii-viii) the indebtedness of the authors
was expressed to a number of individuals and institutions for various courtesies
received. To these must now be added many more but for whose active and
solicitous collaboration the revision of these volumes could not have been
completed.
Gorman M. Bond, already named before, began his association with the project
almost from its start in 1964. Subsequently this work was taken qver by Michel
Desfayes, and later by Dr. Bruce M. Beehler, who ably assisted in Washington on
the revision of volumes 4 through 8, and then finally by Dr. P. C. Rasmussen who
worked on the revision of volumes 8 through 10. Greatly appreciated was the
painstaking industry with which Miss Adele Issa typed the bulky first drafts of
the MSS, from the Washington side, and of the administrative support she and
later Mary Talbot Pacaro gave the project. On the Indian side, the remarkable,
conscientious, and unflagging help of J. S. Serrao was indispensible, throughout
the entire process of producing the first edition and its revision, presented here.
W~thouth is continual, enthusiastic, and knowledgeable help this project would
have taken quite a different aspect. Throughout the execution of both phases of
the project, from the initial extracting of the literature through the protracted
drudgery of ' decoding ', typing and retyping the first untidy handwritten drafts,
and sometimes two or more redrafts, up to the final copy for the printer, the
correcting of successive printer's proofs and revises, and the preparation and
checking of the indexes and bibliography-he slogged ungrudgingly and even
seemingly cheerfully! A special debt is owed to Mr. Tom Roberts for his
knowledgeable comments on the final volumes. Finally, it is a privilege to be
able to present the fine illustrative plates, showing nearly every Indian bird,
painted by John Henry Dick and generously given by him to the Bombay Natural
History Society.
The list of all the parties to whom the authors are indebted is too long to detail
here. In the revision process, Santosh Mukherjee, and later Mr. Neil O'Brien,
General Manager of Oxford University Press, India, saw this project through to
publication. Also deserving sincere thanks are Dr. Jay Samant, Director of the
Bombay Natural History Society; Mr. J. C. Daniel, Principal Investigator of the
revision project; Ms Francine Berkowitz, Director of the Office of International
Relations; and Dr. David Challinor, now ScienceAdvisor, Smithsonian Institution,
for their efforts on behalf of completion of the revision project.
Terms used in the description of
a bird's plumage and parts
Topography of a sparrow
4 3 ,
Maxilla (= upper mandible) Scapulars
Mandible (= lower mandible) Tertials
Nostril Secondaries )
(rerniges)
Forehead Primaries
Iris Primary coverts
Supercilium Greater coverts
Crown Bastard wing (alula)
Hind crown Median coverts
Ear-coverts Lesser coverts
Malar region (malar stripe, Chin
moustache) Throat
Lores Breast
Side of neck Belly (abdomen)
Hindneck (= nape) Tarsus
Back Inner toe
Rump Middle toe
Tail (rectrices) Outer roe
Under tail-coverts Hind toe (hallux)
ABBREVIATIONS
Bull. BOC Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club
CBCN Ceylon Bird Club Notes
Dementiev Birds of the Soviet Union
FBI Fauna of British India. Birdr
Ind. Hb. Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan
J. Om. Journal fir Ornithologie, Berlin
JBNHS Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
OBC Bull. Oriental Bid Club Bulletin
PZS Proceedings of the Zoological Socie8 London
SF Stray Feathers
sz
Spolia Zeylanica
Wi therby The Handbook of British Bid
Abbreviated references to persons frequently quoted
Abdulali or HA Humayun Abdulali
Alexander or HGA Horace G. Alexander
Baker E. C. Stuart Baker
Biswas or BB Biswamoy Biswas
Desfayes or MD Michel Desfayes
Diesselhorst or GD Gerd Diesselhorst
Hartert Er nst Hartert
Hume A. 0. Hume
lnglis C. M. Inglis
Inskipp & Inskipp T. & C. Inskipp
Jerdon T. C. Jerdon
Kinnear or NBK Sir Norman B. Kinnear
Meinertzhagen or RM Col. R. Meinertzhagen
R. C. Murphy
Murphy
Osmaston or BBO B. B. Osmaston
Paynter or RAP R. A. Paynter
Peters J. L. Peters
Phillips W. W. A. Phillips
Ripley or SDR S. Dillon Ripley
Sdlim Ali or SA Sdim Ali
Stresemann or Stres. Erwin Stresemann
TJR or Roberts T. J. Roberts
Tcehurst or CBT Claud B. Ticehurst
Whistler or HW Hugh Whistler
SYSTEMATIC INDEX
SYSTEMATIC INDEX
Order Passeriformes (cont.)
Family DICAEIDAE: Flowerpeckers
.........
Thickbilled Flowerpecker. Dicaewn agile agile (Tickell)
. ...................................................
ssp zeylonense (Whistler)
Yellowvented Flowerpecker. Dicaewn chrysorrhewn
......................................................
chrysochlore Blyth
Yellowbellied Flowerpecker. Dicaewn melanoxanthwn
...................................................................................
(Blyth)
.....................
Legge's Flowerpecker. Dicaeum vincens (Sclater)
Orangebellied Flowerpecker. Dicaeum trigonostigma
...............................................................
rubmpygiwn Baker
Tickell's Flowerpecker. Dicaeum erythmrhynchos
..................................................
erythmrhynchos (Latharn)
. ...............................................................
ssp ceylonense Babault
Plaincoloured Flowerpecker. Dicaeum concolor
.................................................................
olivacewn Walden
ssp. concolor Jerdon .....................................................................
. .....................................................................
ssp vimscens Hume
Scarletbacked Flowerpecker. Dicaewn cruentatwn
cruentafum (Linnaeus) .........................................................
Firebreasted Flowerpecker, Dicaewn ignipectus
.................................................................
ignipectus (Blyth)
Family NECTARINIIDAE: Sunbirds
...........
Rubycheek. Anthreptes singalemis nrbinigentis (Baker)
Purplemmped Sunbird. Nectarinia zeylonica
flaviventris (Hermann) .........................................................
ssp. zeylonica (Li nnaeus) .............................................................
................................
Small Sunbird. Nectarinia minima (Sykes)
Van Hasselt's Sunbird. Nectarinia sperata brasiliano
................................................................................
(Gmelin)
Loten's Sunbird. Nectarinia lotenia hindustanica
.............................................................................
(Whistler)
ssp. lotenia (Linnaeus) .................................................................
Olivebacked Sunbird. Nectarinia jugularis andamanica
(Hume) ..................................................................................
ssp. klossi (Richmond) .................................................................
ssp. pmselia (Oberholser) ............................................................
Purple Sunbird. Nectarinia asiatica brevirostris Blanford .........
ssp. ariatica (Latham) ..................................................................
ssp. intermedia (Hume) ................................................................
Mrs Gould's Sunbird. Aethopyga gouldiae gouldiae
(Vigors) .................................................................................
ssp. isolara Baker ........................................................................
ssp. dabryii (Virreaux) .................................................................
Nepal Yellowbacked Sunbird. Aethopyga nipalensis
horsfieldi (Blyth) ................................................................
ssp. nipalensis (Hodgson) ...........................................................
ssp. koelzi Ripley .........................................................................
xii SYSTEMATIC INDEX
Sp ottedwinged Grosbeak. Coccothraustes melanotanthus
................................................................................
Hodgson
...................
Goldfinch. Carduelis carduelis major Taczanowski
ssp. subulata (Gloger) .................................................................
ssp. caniccps Vigors ....................... .. ........................................
Himalayan Greenfinch. Carduelis spinoides spinoides
..................................................................................
Vigors
ssp. taylori (Kinnear) ...................................................................
. ............................................................
ssp heinrichi Stresemann
............................
Eurasian Siskin. Carduelis spinus (Linnaeus)
.................................
Linnet. Acanthis cannabina bella (Brehm)
.........................
Xte. Acanthis flovimstris montanella (Hume)
ssp. rufostrigata (Walton) ............................................................
..............................
Goldfronted Finch. Scrinw pusillus (Pallas)
................................
Siskin. Serinus thib.e tanw (Hume)
Hodgson's Mountain Finch Lcucosticte nemoricolo
.............................................................
alraica (Eversmann)
. ..........................................................
ssp nemoricola (Hodgson)
Brandt's Mountain Finch. Leucosticte brandti b r d i
..............................................................................
Bonaparte
ssp. pamimnsis Severtzov .............................................................
304 ssp. huematopygia (Could) ..........................................................
. ...................................................................
ssp pallidior Bian. chi
.......................
Redbrowed Finch Callacanthis burtoni (Could)
Crimsonwinged Desert Finch. Callacanthis sanguinea
sanguinca (Could) ..................... . .......................................
Lichtenstein's Desert Finch. Rhodospiul obsokta
........................................................................
(Lichtenstein)
Trumpeter Finch. Carpodmu githagineus crussimstris
......................................................................................
Blyth
.....
Mongolian Desert Finch. Carpodacus mongolicu Swinhoe
Common Rosefinch. Carpodacus erythrinus ferghanensis
..............................................................................
(Kozlova)
ssp. roseatus (Blyth) ....................................................................
ssp . kubanensis Laubmann ..........................................................
ssp. erythrinus (Pallas). ..............................................................
Nepal Rosefinch. Carpoducur nipalenris kangrae
(Whistler) ..............................................................................
ssp . nipalensis (Hodgson) ............................................................
..........
Blanford's Rosefinch. Carpodacw rubescens (Blanford)
.......
Pinkbrowed Rosefinch. Carpodacus rhodochmus (Vigors)
.
Vinaceous Rosefinch Carpodacus vi~ccusv i~cew
Verreaux ...............................................................................
Redmantled Rosefinch. Carpodocus rhodochlamys
grandis Blyth ........................................................................
Spottedwinged Rosefinch. Carpodocus rhodopeplus
(Vigors) .................................................................................
Whitebrowed Rosefinch. Carpodacus thura blythi
(Biddulph) .............................................................................
ssp. rhura Bonaparte & Schlegel .................................................
ssp . femininus Rippon ..................................................................
SYSTEMATIC INDEX
Beautiful Rosefinch. Carpodacus pulcherrimus
pulcherrimus (Moore) ........................................................
ssp. waltoni (Sharpe) ....................................................................
Large Rosefinch. Carpodacus edwardsii rubicunda
...........................................................................
(Greenway)
......
Threebanded Rosefinch. Carpodacus rrifasciatus Verreaux
.........
Great Rosefinch. Carpoducus rubicilla severtzovi Sharpe
Eastern Great Rosefinch. Carpodacus rubicilloides
lucifer R . & A . Meinertzhagen .............................................
Redbreasted Rosefinch. Carpodacus puniceus kilianensis
....................................................................................
Vaurie
ssp. humii (Sh arpe) .......................................................................
ssp. puniceus (Blyth) ....................................................................
........................
Crossbill. Loxia curvi.m stra himalayensis Blyth
Redheaded Rosefinch Propyrrhula subhimachala
.............................................................................
(Hodgson)
..........................
Scarlet Finch. Haemarospiza sipahi (Hodgson)
Goldheaded Black Finch. Pyrrhoplecres epauletfa
.............................................................................
(Hodgson) .
.......
Brown Bullfinch Pyrrhula nipofemis nipalensis Hodgson
ssp. rickerti La Touche .................................................................
.............
Beavan's Bullfinch. Pyrrhula erythaca eryrhaca Blyth
.............
Redheaded Bullfinch. Pyrrhula erythrocephala Vigors
...........................
Orange Bullfinch. Pyrrhula aurantiaca Gould
Family E M B E R I Z I D A E : Buntings
...............................
Corn Bunting. Emberiza calandra Linnaeus
Pine Bunting. Emberiza leucocephalos leucocephalos
S . G . Gmelin .........................................................................
Blackheaded Bunting. Emberiza melanocephala Scopoli ..........
Redheaded Bunting. Emberiza bruniceps Brandt .......................
Chestnut Bunting. Emberiza rutila Pallas ...................................
Yellowbreasted Bunting. Emberiza au~olaau reola Pallas .......
Blackfaced Bunting. Emberiza spodocephala sordida Blyth .....
Whitecapped Bunting. Emberiza stewarri (Blyth) ......................
Ortolan Bunting. Emberiza hortulana Linnaeus .........................
Greynecked Bunting. Emberiza buchanani Blyth .......................
Rock Bunting. Emberiza cia par Hartert ....................................
..
ssp. srraclzeyi Moore ................................. ...............................
ssp. khamensis Sushkin ................................................................
ssp. yunnanensis Sharpe ..............................................................
Greyheaded Bunting. Emberiza fucata amuata Sharpe ..............
ssp. fucata Pallas ..........................................................................
Little Bunting. Etnberiza pusilla Pallas ......................................
Striolated Bunting. Emberiza striolata striolata
....
(Lichtenstein) ................................... .................................
Reed Bunting. Emberiza schoeniclus pallidior Hartert ..............
ssp. pjv-rhuloides Pallas ............................................................
................................
Crested Bunting. Melophus lathami (Gray)
