Greek Culture After the Financial Crisis and the Covid-19 Crisis: An Economic Analysis

284 Pages·2021·6.768 MB·English

by  Panagiotis E. Petrakis, Kyriaki I. Kafka, Pantelis C. Kostis, Dionysis G. Valsamis

THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF GREEK
GROWTH UP TO 2030
Greek Culture After
the Financial Crisis
and the Covid-19 Crisis
An Economic Analysis
Panagiotis E. Petrakis · Kyriaki I. Kafka ·
Pantelis C. Kostis · Dionysis G. Valsamis
The Political Economy of Greek Growth up to 2030
Series Editor
Panagiotis E. Petrakis, Department of Economics, National and
Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Thisbookseriesanalyzes themediumtolong-termprospectsofGreece’s
political economy by studying concepts such as sustainability, sustain-
able governance and political functioning, economic inclusivity, cultural
behaviors, and economic dynamic growth through an evolutionary
approach. This series also publishes policy-oriented books outlining steps
for increased economic growth and a sustainable future for the Greek
economy. This series stands out in that the books depict the condi-
tions that must prevail for the Greek economy to escape the economic
stagnation that has lingered from persistent economic recession.
Using Greece as a lens to discuss pressing questions, this series will
be of interest to economists interested in Eurozone policies, economic
growth, evolutionary economics, and more.
More information about this series at
http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/16496
· ·
Panagiotis E. Petrakis Kyriaki I. Kafka
·
Pantelis C. Kostis Dionysis G. Valsamis
Greek Culture After
the Financial Crisis
and the Covid-19
Crisis
An Economic Analysis
Panagiotis E. Petrakis Kyriaki I. Kafka
Department of Economics National and Kapodistrian University
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
of Athens Athens, Greece
Athens, Greece
Dionysis G. Valsamis
Pantelis C. Kostis National and Kapodistrian University
Department of Economics of Athens
National and Kapodistrian University Athens, Greece
of Athens
Athens, Greece
ISSN 2662-7248 ISSN 2662-7256 (electronic)
The Political Economy of Greek Growth up to 2030
ISBN 978-3-030-81017-7 ISBN 978-3-030-81018-4 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81018-4
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer
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Preface
The series of books with the general title of “The Political Economy of
Greek Growth up to 2030” analyze the medium to long-term prospects
of the Greek reality—including the Covid-19 pandemic—in view of the
political economy. They combine the notions of sustainability, sustain-
able governance and political operation, the inclusivity of the economic
systemandculturalbehavior,withtherequirementsofeconomicdynamic
growth. The concurrent influence from those five areas, through suitable
structural reforms, is a necessary prerequisite to change the production
prototype of the Greek economy, which will ensure a medium and long-
term economic development and growth. This viewpoint has an evolu-
tionary foundation. The view supported is that conditions can be created
fortheGreekeconomy,afterthe2008depression,toavoidlosinganother
decadeduetoCovid-19andtocreatethenecessaryconditionsforagreat
growth transformation up to 2030.
The target of this book series, presented in successive volumes, is to
assess the current situation of the Greek economy and detect the future
potentialfordevelopmentandgrowth,particularlyonamediumtolong-
term horizon. It represents the next step in a series of books: The Greek
EconomyandtheCrisis,ChallengesandResponses,P.E.Petrakis(2011),
New York and Heidelberg, Springer; and A New Growth Model for the
Greek Economy, Requirements for the Long-Term Sustainability, P.E.
Petrakis (2016), New York, Palgrave Macmillan. These books marked
the conditions in which the Greek economy entered Great Depression
v
vi PREFACE
(2008–2018) and put forth initial thoughts on exiting the crisis. In this
currentbookseries,conditionsfortheexitoftheeconomyfromthecrisis
are analyzed, along with its entry into a new period of development and
growth.
Athens, Greece Panagiotis E. Petrakis
Kyriaki I. Kafka
Pantelis C. Kostis
Dionysis G. Valsamis
Acknowledgments
This book contains the valuable contributions of Mrs. A. M. Kanzola for
Chapters 1 and 2, who we would like to thank. The main collaborator
Mrs. E. Giouli, as well as the other collaborators in our office, offered
us the opportunity to deal with the completion of our research. NKUA
offered its support. Our families offered us their patience.
We thank them all,
Panagiotis E. Petrakis
Kyriaki I. Kafka
Pantelis C. Kostis
Dionysis G. Valsamis
vii
Contents
Part I The Basics of Cultural Background
1 Introduction 3
1.1 Personal Interviews with Households Using
a Printed Questionnaire 4
1.2 European Social Survey 8
1.3 Dianeosis Survey “What Greeks Believe” 9
1.4 Global Preference Survey 9
1.5 Scientific Articles on Personal Traits in Greek Society 10
1.6 Standard Eurobarometer 10
References 11
2 Human Needs and Actions 13
2.1 Introduction 13
2.2 The Theoretical Background of Human Needs 14
2.3 Personal Traits: Derivatives of Behavior 15
2.4 Identity Theory 18
2.5 The Bipolar Pairs of Behaviors 19
2.6 The Complexity of Social Behavior 23
2.7 Comments 25
References 26
3 Behavioral Identity 29
3.1 Introduction 29
3.2 Personal Identity Theory 30
ix
x CONTENTS
3.3 Collective Identity 31
3.4 Economic Science and Identity Theory 34
3.5 The Behavioral Identity of the Greeks (2019–2020) 36
3.6 Comments on the Behavioral Identity of the Greeks
(2019–2020) 49
References 51
4 The Big Five Personality Characteristics 53
4.1 Introduction 53
4.2 The Personality Traits 54
4.3 Changes in Personality Traits 57
4.4 The Importance of the Big Five Personal Traits 58
4.5 Measuring the Big Five Personal Traits of the Greek
Society 59
References 64
Part II Attitudes and Behaviors
5 Happiness, Life Satisfaction, Health and Political
Self-Determination 69
5.1 Introduction 69
5.2 Happiness 70
5.3 Life Satisfaction 73
5.4 Health 76
5.5 Happiness and Health 79
5.6 Political Self-Determination 81
5.7 Happiness and Political Self-Determination 83
5.8 Concluding Remarks 84
References 86
6 Principles and Beliefs 89
6.1 Introduction 89
6.2 Environment–Family–Religion 90
6.3 Behavior Rules 94
6.4 Generalized Trust–Social Support–Individualism 97
6.5 Concluding Remarks 100
References 102
7 Creativity, Incentives and Attitudes to Life 103
7.1 Introduction 103
7.2 Creativity 103