Genetic variability for bioactive molecules and antioxidant activity in garlic

109 Pages·2016·4 MB·English

Genetic variability for bioactive molecules
and antioxidant activity in garlic

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2016
Dedicated

To My
Beloved Parents &
Elder Brothers


AAnniisshhaa........
BIHAR AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, SABOUR,
BHAGALPUR

Dr. Sangeeta Shree Department of Horticulture
Jr. Scientist-cum- Asstt. Prof. (Vegetable & Floriculture)
Bihar Agricultural College
Sabour, Bhagalpur – 813 210
Bihar, India

Dated ______________

Certificate - I
This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Genetic variability for bioactive
molecules and antioxidant activity in garlic” submitted in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Science (Agriculture) in
Horticulture of the faculty of Agriculture, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour,
Bhagalpur, Bihar, is genuine record of bonafide research work carried out by Miss
Anisha Kumari, Regd. No. M/Hort./162/BAC/2014-15, under my guidance and
supervision. No part of the thesis has been submitted for any other degree or
diploma.
It is further certified that such help or information received during the
course of this investigation and preparation of the thesis have been duly
acknowledged.

(Sangeeta Shree)
Chairman
Advisory Committee
Certificate – II

We, the undersigned members of the Advisory Committee of Miss Anisha
Kumari, Regd. No. M/Hort./162/BAC/2014-15, a candidate for the degree of
Master of Science (Agriculture) in the subject of Horticulture majoring
in Olericulture have gone through the manuscript of the thesis and agree that the
thesis entitled “Genetic variability for bioactive molecules and antioxidant
activity in garlic” may be submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the
award of the degree.

(Sangeeta Shree)
Chairman
Advisory Committee

Endorsed:

Chairman
Department of Horticulture
(Vegetable & Floriculture)
Members

Dr. R.B. Verma
Assoc. Prof. -cum-Sr. Scientist
Deptt. of Hort. (Veg.& Flori.)

Dr. Nitish De
Jr. Scientist- cum- Asstt. Professor.
Deptt. of Plant Breeding & Genetics

Dr. Md. Wasim Siddiqui
Asstt. Prof.- cum- Jr. Scientist
Deptt. of Food Sci. & Post Harvest Tech.

Mr. Chandan Kishore
Asstt. Prof.- cum- Jr. Scientist
Deptt. of Plant Breeding & Genetics
(Nominee of the Dean PGS)
Certificate – III

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Genetic variability for bioactive
molecules and antioxidant activity in garlic” submitted by Miss Anisha Kumari,
Regd. No. M/Hort./162/BAC/2014-15 to the Bihar Agricultural University,
Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of
the degree of Master of Science (Agriculture) in the subject of
Horticulture of the faculty of Agriculture, Bihar Agricultural University,
Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar was examined and approved on _____________

Sangeeta Shree Name& Signature of External Examiner
Chairman
Advisory Committee

Endorsed:

Dr. R.B. Verma
Assoc. Prof.- cum- Sr. Scientist
Chairman Deptt. of Hort. (Veg. & Flori.)
Deptt. of Horticulture
(Veg. & Flori)
Dr. Nitish De
Jr. Scientist- cum- Asstt. Prof.
Deptt. of Plant Breeding & Genetics

Dr. Md. Wasim Siddiqui
Asstt. Prof.- cum- Jr. Scientist
Deptt. of Food Sci. & Post Harvest Tech.

Mr. Chandan Kishore
Assoc. Dean-cum-Principal Asstt. Prof.- cum- Jr. Scientist
Bihar Agricultural College, Sabour Deptt. Of Plant Breeding & Genetics
Bhagalpur – 813 210 (Nominee of the Dean PGS)

DRI-cum-Dean, PGS
Bihar Agricultural University
Sabour, Bhagalpur – 813 210

[
BIHAR AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, SABOUR,
BHAGALPUR

Dr. Sangeeta Shree Dept. of Horticulture
Jr. Scientist-cum- Asstt. Prof. (Vegetable & Floriculture)
Bihar Agricultural University,
Sabour, Bhagalpur-813 210

[ [ Dated___________

Certificate

This is to certify that the suggestions given by the external
examiner has been incorporated in the thesis entitled “Genetic variability for
bioactive molecules and antioxidant activity in garlic” submitted by Miss
Anisha Kumari, Regd. No. M/Hort./162/BAC/2014-15, in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Science
(Agriculture) in the Subject of Horticulture of the faculty of Agriculture,
Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar.

(Sangeeta Shree)
Chairman
Advisory Committee
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is a great privilege to express my heartfelt thanks and deep sense of regard to Dr.
Sangeeta Shree Chairman of my Advisory Committee for her inspiring guidance, unflinching
support, close supervision and constant encouragement throughout the course of investigation as
well as the preparation of this manuscript.
I convey my heartfelt gratitude to Prof. P.K. Singh, Chairman of the Department of
Horticulture (Vegetable and Floriculture) for his guidance and encouragement.
I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to Dr. Ravi Gopal Singh and Dr. Md.
Feza Ahmed who have chaired the Department of Horticulture (Vegetable and Floriculture)
previously during the period of my research for their generous advice and encouragement.
With the same spirit, I express my fathomless gratitude to benevolent and ever generous
members of my Advisory Committee, Dr. R. B. Verma, Assoc. Professor cum Jr. Sci., Deptt. of
Horticulture (Veg. & Flori.), Dr. Nitish De, Jr. Sci. cum Asstt. Professor, Deptt. of Plant
Breeding & Genetics, Dr. Md. Wasim Siddiqui, Asstt. Professor cum Jr. Sci., Dept. of Food
Science & Post Harvest Technology, Mr. Chandan. Kishore, Deptt. of Plant Breeding & Genetics
(Nominee of the Dean PGS), B.A.U., Sabour, Bhagalpur, for their valuable suggestions, prudent
guidance and painstaking interest to going through the entire manuscript of the thesis.
I am highly obliged to Dr. Randhir Kumar, Assoc. Prof.-cum-Sr. Scientist, Deptt. of
Horticulture (Veg. & Flori.), Dr. Shrin Akhatar ,Asstt. Prof.-cum-Jr. Sci, Deptt. of Horticulture
(Veg. & Flori.), Dr. Vijay Kumar Singh, Asstt. Prof. cum Jr. Sci., Deptt. of Horticulture (Veg. &
Flori.), Dr. S. S. Solankey, Asstt. Professor cum Jr. Sci., Mrs. Shyama Kumari, Asstt. Prof. cum
Jr. Sci., Deptt. of Horticulture (Veg. & Flori.), BAC, Sabour, Bhagalpur for their learned advice
and constant encouragement.
I would like to express my special thanks and heartfelt indebtedness due to and Dr.
Paramveer Singh Shekhawat, Asstt. Professor cum Jr. Sci., Deptt. of Horticulture (Veg. & Flori.),
Dr. Deepti Singh, Asstt. Professor cum Jr. Sci., Deptt. of Horticulture (Veg. & Flori.) and Ajay
Bhardwaj, Asstt. Professor cum Jr. Sci., Deptt. of Horticulture (Veg. & Flori.) for their unending
help, valuable suggestions, prudent guidance and painstaking interest in gaining through the
manuscript of the thesis.
I am equally thankful to Dr. A.B. Singh and Ravi Kumar and, Kr. Sahjanand Tech.
Assistant, Deptt. of Horticulture (Veg. & Flori.) for their cooperation during the research work.
I am also grateful to Dean, (Agriculture), DRI-cum-Dean PGS, BAU, Sabour & Assoc.
Dean-cum-Principle, BAC, Sabour for providing necessary facilities and encouragement to perform
my research work for M. Sc. (Ag.) degree programme.
I am indeed very much obliged to the Hon’ble Vice-chancellor, BAU, Sabour (Bhagalpur)
Bihar for providing all facilities during the course of my investigation.
It is noble chance to express my deepest and heartiest gratitude to my mother Mrs. Meera
Devi and father Mr. Krishna Prasad and my brothers Dr. Pankaj Kumar & Mr. Anshu Kumar
for their courageous and ambitious thoughts, which made me able to achieve his prodigious. I
extend my loving thanks to my cousins Ankit Kumar, Punit Kumar, Sanidhya Kumar and sister
Shimpy providing me sustainable help and encouragement during my studies.
I also pay thanks to all the staffs of Department of Horticulture, Department of Food
Science & Technology, Department of Soil Science, College Library and University for their
unending help during and research.
The help and assistance received from my seniors Neetu Nand, Amit Kumar and Anupam
Adarsh, Amrita kumari and Rashmi kumari Aakanksha Kumari have been duly acknowledged
with respectful thanks.
I take the opportunity to acknowledge the help and assistance rendered by my friend.
I acknowledge the assistance rendevered by my friends Preeti kumari, Reena kumari,
Abha kumari, kiran Bharti. Jyoti, Nisha, Meenakshi, Suraj Rathor, Bahadur and Ashish, and
juniors Sweta, Tejashwini, Amba, Ritu, Aakrity and Archana at opportune moment.
I would like to record my special thanks to Mr. Abhishek Mishra and Mr. Ashish Mishra,
Blue Moon Graphics,Sabour , Ranjay Jee for his sincerity in helping in my thesis manuscript.
Lastly my thanks goes to everyone who helped me in one way or other and all those scientist
whose published work have been quoted freely in the text of thesis.

Place: (Anisha Kumari)
Date:
Title of the thesis : “Genetic variability for bioactive molecules
and antioxidant activity in garlic”
Name of the student : Anisha Kumari
Registration No. : M/Hort/162/BAC/2014-2015
Chairman Advisory :
Dr. Sangeeta Shree
Committee
Degree Programme : M.Sc. (Ag)
Major Subject : Olericulture
Minor Subject : Plant breeding and Genetics
Year : 2016
Department : Department of Horticulture (Veg. & Flori.)
Name of the University : Bihar Agricultural University Sabour,
Bhagalpur

Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is considered as one of the most important species in onion
family, Amaryllidaceae. Garlic is a source of various biologically active phytomolecules, including
organosulphur compounds, phenolic acids, flavonoids, vitamins and nutrients. Wide diversity exists in
garlic , their related species and wild types for morphological and biochemical properties. Evaluation
and characterization provide a rapid, reliable and efficient tool of information to exploit genetic
variability and to augment the utilization of germplasm. Keeping these informations in mind, the
present investigation was framed with objectives (i) To characterize diverse genotypes on
morphological and biochemical basis.(ii) To study the variability in the existing genotypes(iii) To
establish inter relationship among various attributes under study. The study was acccomplished by
using 25 diverse garlic genotypes laid out in RBD in three replications in vegetable research farm,
BAC, Sabour, during rabi season of 2014-15.The finding revealed that sufficient genetic variability
was present among the genotypes which provide ample scope for selection of promising genotypes
under study. Genotype 650 was the highest yielder (28.54g). WG 22 was the superior genotype in
terms of total phenolic content(1301.09mgCE/100g),total flavonoid content(244.88mg CE/100g),
phosphorous%(.63%) and sulphur%(9.03%) while radical scavenging activity(57.17%) and ascorbic
acid(47.42mg/100g) was found maximum in IC 49387. All morphological and biochemical characters
are significantly different within treatments. At genotypic and phenotypic level, yield per plant had
significant positive correlation with length of leaf, breadth of leaf, no of clove per bulb, polar
diameter, weight of clove, ascorbic acid and sulphur content Antioxidant activity and RSA had high
significant positive correlation with total phenolic content. D2 cluster analysis grouped the 25
genotypes into 6 clusters. Cluster V and VI was observed more distanced to each other.

Sangeeta Shree Anisha Kumari
Chairman of the advisory committee Student
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
0C : Degree Centigrade
ANOVA : Analysis of Variance
C.V. : Coefficient of Variation
C.D. : Critical Difference
cm : Centimeter
df : Degree of Freedom
g : Gram
GA : Genetic Advance
GCV : Genotypic Coefficient of Variation
h2 : Heritability
kg : Kilogram
MT : Metric Tonnes
ha : Hectare
MSS : Mean Sum of Squares
PCV : Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation
GCV : Genotypic coefficient of variation
S.Em (+) : Standard Error of mean
SS : Sum of Squares
Fig. : Figure
PV : Phenotypic Variance
ht. : Height
wt. : Weight
ml : Milliliter
L : Litre
CE : Catechol Equivalent
GAE : Gallic acid equivalent
PH : Plant height
LL : Length of leaf
BF : Breadth of leaf
NL/P : Number of leaf per plant
NT : Neck thickness of bulb
WC : Average weight of clove
ED : Equatorial diameter of bulb
PD : Polar diameter of bulb
LC : Length of clove
DC : Diameter of clove
CB : Number of clove per bulb
Y/P : Yield per plant