Table Of ContentStudies in the History of Law and Justice 5
Series Editors: Mortimer Sellers · Georges Martyn
Maria Gigliola di Renzo Villata Editor
Family Law and
Society in Europe
from the Middle
Ages to the
Contemporary Era
Studies in the History of Law and Justice
Volume 5
Series editors
Mortimer Sellers, Baltimore, USA
Georges Martyn, Gent, Belgium
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11794
Maria Gigliola di Renzo Villata
Editor
Family Law and Society
in Europe from the Middle
Ages to the Contemporary
Era
123
Editor
Maria Gigliola di RenzoVillata
Department ofPrivate LawandLegal
History
University of Milan
Milan
Italy
ISSN 2198-9842 ISSN 2198-9850 (electronic)
Studies in theHistory of LawandJustice
ISBN978-3-319-42287-9 ISBN978-3-319-42289-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-42289-3
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016944416
©SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016
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To Antonio Padoa Schioppa
A Great European Legal Historian
Acknowledgments
Thisbookistheproductofacollectiveeffortaboutfamilylaw,societyandhistory
inEurope,thatisstillnowofgreattopicalinterest.Itconcernseachofusandevery
change needs our good will to become effective. Family law in Europe over the
centuries shows periods of general stability and others of almost frantic evolution
up to current times: the family unit is continuously transforming as well as our
society. All the papers here published are evidence of a small or a big fragment of
thisevolution:familychangesitsfunctionanditsstructure,itsrelationswithinitself
butitcontinuestobeaplaceofreference,arefugeinwhichtorevertbacktowhen
the difficulties of the outside world seem impossible to overcome…What I have
written corresponds to my profound conviction.
My idea could take shape with the help of many.
First of all, I want to thank Springer for giving me the opportunity to realize a
project I cultivated for many years, as well as Diana Nijenhuijzen and Abirami
Purushothaman for their work on the project.
Iwishtothanktheserieseditors,Prof.Dr.GeorgesMartynofGhentUniversity
andProf.DrMortimerSellersoftheUniversityofBaltimore,bothofthemwhoare
my esteemed colleagues, as well as Neil Olivier for accepting my proposal.
Ialsowishtothankallthecontributorsofthevolume,youngscholarsandthose
not so young, who have done their utmost to achieve the result.
Iwouldliketothank,inparticular,StefaniaSalvi,seniorresearcher,andFilippo
Rossi research fellow, my dear pupils at Milan University, for their excellent and
speedy work: they helped and supported me with commitment, efficiency and
diligence in preparing the texts to be submitted to the Editor.
Maria Gigliola di Renzo Villata
vii
Contents
Christian Influence on Modern Family Law. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Mathias Schmoeckel
The Catalan Sagrada Família: Law and Family in Medieval
and Modern Catalonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Tünde Mikes and Tomàs de Montagut
Adoption Between Ancien Régime and Codification:
Is It in Remission in a Changing World?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Maria Gigliola di Renzo Villata
A Consilium of Torello Di Niccolò Torelli of Prato
on Dos Aestimata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Julius Kirshner
Property of Spouses in Law in Renaissance Florence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Thomas Kuehn
The English Law of Marriage and the Family (1500–1640). . . . . . . . . . 135
R.H. Helmholz
Towards a New Era of Modernity? Late Scholastic
Speculation on Bigamy and Polygamy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Stefania T. Salvi
The Father’s Right to Kill His Adulterous Daughter
in the Late Ius Commune . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Andrea Massironi
Duæ Animæ in Una Carne. The Disqualification of the Spouses
in Common Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Yves Mausen
ix
x Contents
Fathers by Law, Fathers by Choice. Paternity and Illegitimacy
Between Ancien Régime and Codification in Western Countries . . . . . . 229
Chiara Valsecchi
Honour and Guilt. A Comparative Study on Regulations
on Infanticide Between the Nineteenth and Twentieth Century. . . . . . . 257
Loredana Garlati
Children of a Lesser God. The Legalized Exploitation
of Child Labour as Revealed by the Liberal Era Judicial
Record (Late 19th—Early 20th Century). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
Filippo Rossi
What Can We Learn from a Family Law Course?
The Teachings of an Early 20th Century Italian Professor . . . . . . . . . . 313
Annamaria Monti
Torts of Minor Children and Parental Civil Liability:
Cases in Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Giovanni Chiodi
Springer List of Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
Introduction
Familiaidestsubstantia
(Bartolo,Comm.adD.28,2,11)
Isitstillso?
Bartolus,oneofthegreatestmedievaljuristsinEurope,writesinhisCommentaria:
“Familia id est substantia”; Albericus de Rosate, he too is a great contemporary
jurist, in turn, underlines, in his Dictionarium iuris, paterfamilias’ powers: “pa-
terfamilias… sicut tenetur educatione corporali filiis et familie providere: sic et in
morum disciplina; et qui hoc non servat, etiam fidelitatem naturalem deserit; lastly
in the Additio to the entry we read: “Familia id est substantia”.
Through the centuries a lot of attention has been paid to the patrimony and
heritage of the family but, as time went on, the functions offamily grew and the
paterfamiliashasnotonlypowersbutalsoduties;thestructureoffamilychangesas
well as the internal relationships: subjects previously excluded enter fully and
divorcesbecomeeasierandmorecommonplace.Beforethepaterfamiliaswasasort
ofowner,thenhesees hispowersfade andhis duties grow.Therelationshipstend
to put everyone on an equal footing, but only very lately, above all in the last
century. Patrimony apparently decreases in importance but it’s always a crucial
factor in the lives offamilies, source of quarrels, while feelings become more and
more relevant in the choice of a spouse. The increasing secularization of society
involves families.
Family is a private group but the law is interested in it from time to time,
especially in many of its aspects, and introduces many new measures suitable to
adapt the regime of the family to progress developments in society.
Family law refers to a preeminent social group in all periods of history: it is
linked to many other fields of law, such as private law and also public law
according to a modern conception; it is strongly linked, in some ages and in some
territories of Europe, to religion and theology or to politics.
Thefollowingpapersaredevotedtoanalyzingsomeofthesetransformationsin
Europefromthemedievaltothecontemporaryagesfromalegalandsocialpointof
view.Theaimistoinvestigatesomeaspectsofthefamily’slegalhistorynotalways
xi
