Design and Characterization of Fibrillar Adhesives

203 Pages·2013·4.93 MB·English

by  John W. Tamelier

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
Santa Barbara
Design and Characterization of Fibrillar
Adhesives
A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction
of the requirements for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy
in
Mechanical Engineering
by
John W. Tamelier
Committee in Charge:
Professor Kimberly Turner, Chair
Professor Jacob Israelachvili
Professor Matthew Begley
Professor Glenn Beltz
June 2013
The Dissertation of
John W. Tamelier is approved:
Professor Jacob Israelachvili
Professor Matthew Begley
Professor Glenn Beltz
Professor Kimberly Turner, Committee Chairperson
June 2013
Design and Characterization of Fibrillar Adhesives
Copyright c 2013
(cid:13)
by
John W. Tamelier
iii
Acknowledgements
To fully acknowledge everyone who has helped me up to this point would require
more pages than I am allowed. I will therefore say a few words about each person
directlyrelatedtothisbodyofwork. Withoutmygraduateadvisor, Dr. Kimberly
Turner, the research I carried out would not have been possible. She has allowed
me to direct my professional development while offering advice and support when
needed. Collaboration with Dr. Jacob Israelachvili has greatly expanded my
knowledge outside of the main areas of my research and meetings with him offered
many interesting investigations to pursue. The advice and suggestions received
from Dr. Matthew Begley and Dr. Glen Beltz have greatly strengthened this
body of work.
Working with the various people during my time at UCSB has greatly in-
creased my happiness throughout this experience. Turner group members, both
past and present, have provided a wonderful work environment. Their advice
when problems arose saved many hours of work and their diverse personalities
made working in the lab or office an enjoyable experience. Sathya Chary deserves
special attention since we have shared this project over the past years. Collabo-
rating with the researchers in the Israelachvili lab, Jing Yu and Saurabh Das, has
allowed an environment for discussion with many experiments increasing the body
of knowledge in this area. Dave Bothman, the Turner group lab manager, could
iv
always be relied upon to solve problems both inside and outside of the laboratory
as well as offer useful suggestions for improvement. The UCSB Nanofabrication
Facility staff deserve recognition for their maintenance of the cleanroom and pro-
cessing advice. The staff in the Mechanical Engineering Department and Institute
for Collaborative Biotechnologies have always helped to ensure that my research
could progress.
My friends at UCSB and elsewhere have given me many lasting memories
and much happiness. I am grateful to them for all the laughter, adventure, and
life experiences they have provided. My family has always provided me with
an overwhelming amount of support and encouragement. It was their sacrifices
throughout my life that have given me the opportunity to pursue postgraduate
education. Finally, the love, encouragement, and unbreakable faith of my wife,
Giulia, has greatly helped me to complete this work.
v
Some of the content and figures in Chapter 3 are reprinted with permission
from the following: J. Tamelier, S. Chary, K.L. Turner, J. Yu, S. Das, and J.N. Is-
raelachvili. MillimeterSizePatchBehaviorofGecko-InspiredReversibleAdhesive.
In: Proceedings of 2011 IEEE Sensors, October 28–31, 2011. ( c 2011 IEEE)
(cid:13)
Some of the content and figures in Chapter 4 are reprinted with permission
from the following: J. Tamelier, S. Chary, and K.L. Turner. Vertical Anisotropic
Micro-fibers for a Gecko-inspired Adhesive. Langmuir. 28(23):8746–8752. 2012.
( c 2012 American Chemical Society)
(cid:13)
Some of the content and figures in Chapter 5 are reprinted with permission
from the following: S. Chary, J. Tamelier, and K.L. Turner. Articulation of angled
semicircular microfibers for a gecko-inspired anisotropic adhesive. In: Proceedings
of the IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, Jan-
uary 20–24, 2013. ( c 2013 IEEE)
(cid:13)
Some of the content and figures in Chapter 5 are reprinted with permission
from the following: S. Chary, J. Tamelier, and K.L. Turner. A microfabricated
gecko-inspired controllableand reusabledryadhesive. Smart Materials and Struc-
vi
tures. 22:025013. 2013. ( c 2013 Institute of Physics Publishing)
(cid:13)
Some of the content and figures in Chapter 6 are reprinted with permission
from the following: J. Tamelier, S. Chary, K.L. Turner. Optimal articulation
strategy for a gecko-inspired controllable adhesive. In: Proceedings of Solid-State
Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference (TRANSDUCERS), 2013 17th
International, June 16–20, 2013. ( c 2013 IEEE)
(cid:13)
vii
Curriculum Vitæ
John W. Tamelier
Education
2004 Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering: California Poly-
technic State University, San Luis Obispo
2013 Doctor of Philosophy in Mechanical Engineering, University of
California, Santa Barbara
Experience
2004 Plant Engineering Intern, E&J Gallo Winery, Livingston, CA
2005 ManufacturingEngineeringIntern,CanadianKeyesFiber,Hantsport,
NS, Canada
2005–2012 TeachingAssistant,DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,Uni-
versity of California, Santa Barbara
2006 Mechanical Engineering Intern, Calient Technologies, Santa Bar-
bara, CA
2007–2013 Graduate Student Researcher, Department of Mechanical Engi-
neering, University of California, Santa Barbara.
Selected Publications
Yu, J., S. Chary, S. Das, J. Tamelier, N.S. Pesika, K.L. Turner,
and J.N. Israelachvili. Gecko-Inspired Dry Adhesive for Robotic
Applications. Advanced Functional Materials. 21(16):3010–3018.
2011
Tamelier, J., S. Chary, K.L. Turner, J. Yu, S. Das, and J.N. Is-
raelachvili. Millimeter Size Patch Behavior of Gecko-Inspired
Reversible Adhesive. In: Proceedings of 2011 IEEE Sensors, Oc-
tober 28–31, 2011.
Tamelier, J., S. Chary, and K.L. Turner. Vertical Anisotropic
Micro-fibersforaGecko-inspiredAdhesive. Langmuir. 28(23):8746–
8752. 2012.
Yu, J., S. Chary, S. Das, J. Tamelier, K.L. Turner and J.N. Is-
raelachvili. The friction and adhesion of gecko-inspired PDMS
flaps on rough surfaces. Langmuir. 28(31):11527–11534. 2012.
viii
Chary, S., J. Tamelier, andK.L.Turner. Articulationofangled
semicircularmicrofibersforagecko-inspiredanisotropicadhesive.
In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Micro
Electro Mechanical Systems, January 20–24, 2013.
Chary, S., J. Tamelier, and K.L. Turner. A microfabricated
gecko-inspiredcontrollableandreusabledryadhesive. SmartMa-
terials and Structures. 22:025013. 2013.
Tamelier, J.,S.Chary,K.L.Turner. Optimalarticulationstrat-
egy for a gecko-inspired controllable adhesive. In: Proceedings
of Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference
(TRANSDUCERS), 2013 17th International, June 16–20, 2013.
Accepted.
Tamelier, J.,S.Chary,K.L.Turner. ImportanceofArticulation
for Gecko-inspired Controllable Adhesives. Langmuir. In review.
Selected Presentations
“Bio-inspiredNano-FilmsforAdhesionAndSensorApplications”,
with S. Chary, M.T. Northen, and K.L. Turner. At: TTCP JSA
Symposium on the Science Of Autonomy and Bio-Inspired Sys-
tems, October 16, 2007.
“Gecko-inspireddryadhesiveforroboticapplications”,withS.Chary,
K.L.Turner,J.Yu,S.Das,andJ.N.Israelachvili. At: 27th Army
Science Conference, December 2, 2010.
Awards and Honors
California Teachers Scholarship
Leverenz Memorial Scholarship
San Luis Builders Exchange Scholarship
Chevron/Texaco Scholarship
Department Merit Fellowship
Department Excellence Fellowship
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Abstract
Design and Characterization of Fibrillar Adhesives
John W. Tamelier
The climbing ability of the Tokay gecko has attracted much attention from
scientiststryingtoreproducetheadhesivefoundon theanimal’sfeet. Manyofthe
impressive properties of the adhesive have been attributed to the micrometer- and
nanometer-sized fibers and how they are moved, or articulated, during adhesive
placement and separation. Using microfabrication techniques, fibrillar structures
were created and tested using a home-built testing apparatus specifically designed
to characterize tribological properties over millimeter-sized areas. The results
confirm that fiber geometry and fiber articulation are both important for gecko-
inspired adhesives.
Tilted and vertical microfabricated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) rectangular
flaps were created to determine if non-circular structures, similar in shape to the
terminal features of the gecko, could be used to create a controllable adhesive.
The control of the adhesive was achieved by varying shear length and direction
to contact different parts of the flaps. A high adhesion force was achieved when
contacting the side face of the flaps, lower adhesion force when contacting the top
of the flaps, and almost zero adhesion force when contacting the edge between
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