CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS with Doses and Preparations

244 Pages·2015·31.1 MB·English

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Pharmacological
CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
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with Doses and Preparations
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Pharmacological
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CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
with Doses and PreVparations
FIFTH EDdITION
KD eTripathi MD
Ex-Director-Professor and Head of Pharmacology
Maulana Azad Medical College and associated
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LN and GB Pant Hospitals, New Delhi
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JAYPEE BROTHERS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS (P) LTD
New Delhi • London • Philadelphia • Panama
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Pharmacological Classification of Drugs with Doses and Preparations
First Edition: 1986, Second Edition: 1990, Third Edition: 2006, Fourth Edition: 2010, Fifth Edition: 2014
ISBN 978-93-5152-108-2
Printed at
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Preface
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A systematized listing of drugs according to their primary actions, mechanisms, chemical nature, clinical uses and/or other
relevant characteristics is the first step to learn about them. The mental exercise to prescribe a drug for a patient starts with
identifying the class of drugs to be prescribed and then selecting the specific member most appropriate for that patient
according to its subclass/group/individual characteristic. For edxample, the first thing one decides is whether an analgesic
or an antihypertensive or an antib iotic is to be prescribed; then proceeds to consider which type of analgesic (opioid/
nonopioid), or antihypertensive (β blocker/ACE inhibitor, etc.), or antibiotic (β-lactam/fluoroquinolone, etc.) is required
and then which specific member is most suitable. On tehe other hand, every drug is known by its class and subclass, e.g.
furosemide is a high-ceiling diuretic, glibenclamide is a sulfonylurea antidiabetic. As such, drug classifications are pivotal
to pharmacology students and highly valuable to prescribing doctors. The phenomenal increase in the number of drugs
in recent years has further underscored the neted for drug classifications.
Drug classifications have been criticised for being arbitrary and imperfect because of nonuniform criteria that have often to be
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adopted and frequent lack of watertight distinctions among drug groups/subgroups. Neverthe less, basing on pharmacological
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differences and applying practical criteria, meaningful drug classifications can be devised. Though, any drug has multiple
actions/properties, it can be designated by the most outstanding one. For example, labelling atenolol as a cardioselective
β blocker summarises its actions, uses, etc. This booklet has adopted such a pragmatic approach and presented classifications
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of drugs that have been well accepted. The outstanding feature of the present edition is reformating of the classifications
in the form of eye-catching charts. These charts create pictorial images and help memorizing. All classifications have been
updated, modified where necessary and newer drugs have been included, particularly those marketed recently.
To be useful to medical/pharmacy students as well as to practitioners, the doses (including pediatric doses wherever
relevant), frequency and route(s) of administrat ion along with leading brand names of drugs and different types of
dosage forms (oral, parenteral, topical, etc.) are listed distinctively after each class of drugs. Thus, essential prescribing
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information is incorporated for drugs that are available. Single drug formulations aRre mainly mentioned. Combined drug
formulations find a place wherever important or relevant. The listing of brand names is restricted to only 1–4 per drug,
and is not exhaustive. Synonyms and alternative names of drugs and classes of drugs are also mentioned. Two separate
indices, one of nonproprietary (generic) names and the other of proprietary (brand) names of drugs is provided for
instantaneous location of the drug or the product one is looking for. V
It is hoped that the present user-friendly format of the booklet will make it a better aid to remembering drug names,
identifying the class and subclass to which they belong, and provide easy access to core prescribing information. The
credit for meticulous production of this booklet goes to the staff of M/s Jaypee Brothers.
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Explanatory Notes
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1. The information on dosage form(s) is printed in maroon colour, and the proprietary (brand) names of drugs/products
appear in capital letters.
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2. The doses and regimens are given in smaller type, while nonproprietary (generic) drug names appear in bigger type
and different font.
3. If no brand name of a drug is listed, it is not currently marketed in India, or is marketed only in combinat ions. This
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can be found out from the composition of the combined formulations given.
4. If the route of administration is not specified, the drug is administered only orally, and the dose mentioned is the
oral dose.
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5. Drug doses mentioned without specifying frequency of administration indicate the quantity for a single dose.
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Abbreviations
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amp Ampoule i.m. Intramuscular
AP Action potential inj Injection
BD Twice daily dIU International unit
BHP Benign hypertrophy of prostate i.v. intravenous
BSA Body surface area kg Kilogram
cap Capsule e L Litre
Ch Child dose LES Lower esophageal sphincter
cm Centimeter liq Liquid
CR Continuous release t m Meter
Distab Dispersible tablet max Maximum
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DS Double strength mEq Milliequivalent
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DTPA Diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid mg Milligram
e.c. Enteric coated min Minute
ER Extended release ml Millilitre
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ERP Effective refractory period MR Modified release
ext Extract MU Mega (million) unit
g Gram MW Molecular weight
GITS Gastrointestinal therapeutic system µg Microgram
hr hour OD Once daily
i.d. Intradermal oint Ointment
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Pot. Potassium tab Tablet R
QID Four times a day TCID Tissue culture infective dose 50%
50
rDNA Recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid TDS Three times a day
s.c. Subcutaneous THFA Tetrahydrofolic acid
s.l. Sublingual TTS TrVansdermal therapeutic system
Sod Sodium U Unit
SR Sustained release UV Ultra violet
susp Suspension yr Year (age)
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syr Syrup ZE Zollinger-Ellison

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