Nanotechnologies: The Physics of Nanomaterials Volume I The Physics of Surfaces and Nanof abrication Techniques Nanotechnologies:
The Physics of Nanomaterials Volume I
The Physics of Surfaces and Nanofabrication Techniques David S. Schmool First edition published [2 021] Apple Academic Press Inc.
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Title: Nanotechnologies : the physics of nanomaterials, volume I : the physics of surfaces and nanofabrication techniques. /
David S. Schmool.
Names: Schmool, D. S. (David S.), author.
Description: Includes bibliographical references and indexes. | Contents: Volume I. The physics of surfaces and nanofabrication techniques.
Identifiers: Canadiana (print) 20200297066 | Canadiana (ebook) 20200297120 | ISBN 9781771889476 (set) |
ISBN 9781771889483 (v. I; hardcover) | ISBN 9781003100218 (v. I; ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Nanotechnology. | LCSH: Nanostructured materials. | LCSH: Nanoscience. | LCSH: Physics.
Classification: LCC QC176.8.N35 S36 2DDC 021 | 620/.5—dc23 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data CIP data on file with US Library of Congress Nanotechnologies: The Physics of Nano materials, 2 Volume (Set) ISBN: 978-1-77188-947-6 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-00310-019-5 (ebk) Nanotechnologies: The Physics of Nano materials, Volume I ISBN: 978-1-77188-948-3 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-00310-021-8 (ebk) Dedication For Ulysse About the Author David Schmool PhD, is a former Director of the Groupe d’Etude de la , Matière Condensée GEMaC at CNRS (UMR 8635) and is currently Professor in Physics at the Universite de Versailles/Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines and Université Paris-Saclay, France. Prior to this he has held teaching and research positions at the University of Perpignan/Laboratoire PROMES - CNRS, Perpignan, France; University of Porto, Portugal, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain; Istituto IMEM, Parma, Italy; University of Exeter, UK and University of Liverpool, UK. David Schmool has also been a visiting fellow to several institutions, including Simon Fraser University (Canada), the University of Versailles (France), the University of Duisburg- Essen (Germany), and the University of Glasgow (UK). He obtained his DPhil in Physics from the University of York in 1994. In addition to his research experience, he has lectured on physics since 2000 on a broad range of subjects. He has over 25 years of research and teaching experience in areas related to nanosciences and nanotechnologies. He has also developed master’s and PhD level courses in nanotechnologies and related subjects, which he has also taught. He has published widely, including over 80 journal papers, 12 book chapters, a textbook and has given many conference presentations, including 20 invited talks and over 20 invited seminars. Contents About the Authovrii Prefacexv 1. Introduction to Nanotechnologies1 1.1 What is Nanoscience and Why Are We So Interested in It? 1 1.2 Modification of Physical Properties6 1.3 Laws of Scaling in Physics12 1.4M ethodologies: Bottom-Up/Top-Down13 1.5 The Study of Nanomaterials14 1.6 Problems15 PART I. THE BASICS: SURFACE SCIENCE, THIN FILMS, AND SURFACE ANALYSIS19 2. Vacuum Science and Technolog2y1 2.1 Introduction and Orders of Magnitude21 P2.h2 ysical Principles of the Vacuu2m3 T2.2h.1e Kinetic Theory of Gases23 T2.2h.2e Maxwell-Boltzmann Velocity Distribution 25 2.2.3 Rate of Incidence27 2.2.4 Mean Free Pat2h8 2.3 Pumping and Gas Flo3w0 T2h.4e Evacuation Process35 2.5 Production of Vacua: Vacuum Pumps38 2.5.1 Primary (Backing) Pumps41

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