The New York Academy of Sciences Architecture and Engineering EDITORIAL STAFF Erec:utlW Edita( Bill IIOl,AND AUOC,.,_ £<1110,s The Nev. Yostk, ,A,,,,c.a, demy of Sc,ences GEOAClE T SIMONSON 2 E�st 63ra Nt,w YOik Nttw York 10021 INDIA TFhNLEY • • THE NEW YOR�K ACADtf'lE1MI1Y7) OF SCIENCES BOARD OF GOVERNORS, 11183 �JE�� ,....,.,,u,.� H� CHHOIIII jT IMSf.f LIIIEJIAO'"LL'Y • • KLHff IAlZfNOIII wtUJAM a. GAIN ,uUA L 11'MHD • ,rn1111 lit UV'f" .... • ___.., , ·••..&1 l'HtLI� IIE.KEVTTZ • • r��L :�:�NJHI W1UJAM T QOU>IN HAMY H UJIIJTIO •• •• = ---------� C. L ___J --- r7ttjF. $ ' ..,..,.,•fi!,-. --� _:..ry • ARCHITECTURE and ENGINEERING An Illustrated Teacher's Manual on Why Buildings Stand Up by MARIO SALVADOR! Columbia University and MICHAEL TEMPEL P.S. 75 M of the New York City School System With an Appendix on Styrofoam Models by RICHARD KELLOGG University of Arkansas Illustrations by MATTHYS P. l.EVY Weidilnger Associates Contents ix PREFACE xiii ACKNOWLEDCMENTS THE FoRCtSTHAT Acr 011 5-raucruu.s 1 Copyriabc C 1983 by The Now Yorl< Academy of Sc,cncc1. Al ricl>&J,-r,cd I. Weight and Gravity 2 Unit 1 2. The Work of Engineers and Architects; The Structure of the Classroom; Live Load and � ,,/ c..,r... CotaJ.si•I la l"obllcalioo Dau Dead Load 3 w.-. Mano G«q<, 1907- 3. An Estimate of the Total Weight Aaing on �.... a.ad m11n«nn1 the Classroom Floor 4 .......,.._ p 4. Weight Per Unit Arca (Pressure) and Concen- 1 AnJuo«Ntt t Scruaunl ....,,_,,,.. trating the Load 7 I T-,.1, Mdlod, 1�7- II Tulc 5. The Pressure on the Cla.uroom Floor 8 ,,__1>4 1911 621 13-1 lff4 6. More About Pressure IO 7. Lateral (Sideways) Pressure J/ 8. Contributory Area; Contributory Load; Accumulated Load 13 9. The Effect of Wind on Buildingt 15 10. What Happens to Buildings During Eanh- quakcs 18 11. Static Loads and Dynamic Loads 19 12. The Pendulum 20 13. Resonance 22 EQUILIBRIUM 24 14. Equilibrium in Transla1ion 25 Unit 2 15. Equilibrium in Ro1ation 26 16. Rolational Equilibrium and the Tipping of Buildingt 29 17. Center of Gravity 33 18. Another Illustration of Equilibrium 36 UniJ 3 TENSION AND CoMPRUSION 39 19. Ten1ion and Compre11ion 40 20. Tension Causes Elongation and Compression Causes Shonening CCI' ,.,1.-n.o IJI fHI LlffTfD ff41U OP AN.&IJCA 21. Buckling 43 ISSN 0-1197"6• 2 I 2-I 41 y UniJ 49 4 Bl!.AMs AND CoLUMNS 85 22. How to Suppon a Beam and a Review of 46. How a Truss Works 86 Equilibrium 46 47. A Different Type of Truss 88 23. A Beam Deflects Under Loads 48 48. Two More Types of Trunes 89 2♦. A Beam Bends Under a Load 49 49. Building aT russ Bridge 90 25. How F1Xed•End Beams Behave in Comparison 50. Building Another Kind of Truss Bridge 92 with Simply Supponed Beams 50 51. How Trus�s May be Used as Wind Bracing in 26. How Cantilever Beams Behave in Comparison Buildings 94 with Simply Supponed and Fixed-End 52. Building Other Types ofT.russa; Space Beams 52 Frames 96 27. LocatingT ension and Compression in Simply Supponed, Fixed-End and Cantilever Beams; Poinu Unit 7 BEARING WALLS AND FaAMU 99 54 of Inflection 55 53. Be interrs1ing and crca1iv,·. manual hu bcc,n put 1�1hcr by Maurice, �itrr of the Uni,cd Fede-ration o( S1udrn11 will gel involved in 1he roursc 1hmugh a variety of Trachrn, 260 Park Avtnur Sou1h, Nrw York, NY, 10010. t Number i4 or the bibliography. 11ruc1ural models 1ha1 require the use of easily available and incx· xi X Acknowledgments We wish 10 exprcu our deep gratitude to Bonn., BrownJlt1n, lormcr � al Edoontnbuted to our worlt in lht Souch Bronx: Dr. Morrit H. Shamoa, Preaodtn1 of Th< New York Aadnny of Sama,. Or Sodn,y Borowi1&, 11• Cormtt Execuuvc Otl'TCIO<', and Monon Mr, who 1upponed u1 from chc lxginrung and choac co publish th11 manual; Richan! Kellogg, prorco10r or An:hilccturc at cht Umvc»"-•nK, •wt1Kh1" 11 a mtASutr of tht' force or ,cravity, nof the force ittclf. the room. How arc ceilings held up? 3 2

Architecture and engineering- An illustratedTeacher’s Manual

Similar Architecture and engineering- An illustratedTeacher’s Manual