USDA Treatment Manual

936 Pages·2017·5.38 MB·English

by  Josie Cooley

Treatment Manual
Some processes, equipment, and materials described in this manual may be patented. Inclusion in this
manual does not constitute permission for use from the patent owner. The use of any patented invention in
the performance of the processes described in this manual is solely the responsibility of the user. APHIS
does not indemnify the user against liability for patent infringement and will not be liable to the user or to any
third party for patent infringement.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the
basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status,
parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or
part of any individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases
apply to all programs). Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of
program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202)
720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil
Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call [phone] (voice) or
[phone] (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
When using pesticides, read and follow all label instructions.
Contents 1
Treatment Manual
Contents
1-1-i
Figures
1-1-iii
Tables
1-1-vii
Introduction
Chemical Treatments
Overview 2-1-1
Fumigants 2-2-1
Fumigants • Methyl Bromide 2-3-1
Fumigants • Methyl Bromide • Tarpaulin Fumigation 2-4-1
Fumigants • Methyl Bromide • Chamber Fumigation 2-5-1
Fumigants • Methyl Bromide • Ship Fumigation for Emergency
Situations 2-6-1
Fumigants • Methyl Bromide • Structure Fumigation 2-7-1
Fumigants • Methyl Bromide • Special Procedures for Container Fumigations
Without a Tarpaulin 2-8-1
Fumigants • Methyl Bromide • Closed-door Container Fumigation 2-9-1
Fumigants • Sulfuryl Fluoride 2-10-1
Fumigants, Phosphine 2-11-1
Aerosols 2-12-1
Dips 2-13-1
Dusts 2-14-1
Sprays 2-15-1
Nonchemical Treatments
Overview 3-1-1
Heat 3-2-1
Heat, Hot Water Immersion Treatment 3-3-1
Heat • Steam Treatments 3-4-1
Heat • Vapor Heat and Forced Hot Air Treatment 3-5-1
Heat • Forced Hot Air • Niger Seed 3-6-1
Cold Treatment (CT) 3-7-1
Irradiation 3-8-1
Residue Monitoring
Overview 4-1-1
Instructions for Collecting, Packaging, and Shipping Residue Monitoring
Samples 4-2-1
Treatment Schedules
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Contents
Index to Schedules 5-1-1
T100 - Schedules for Fruit, Nuts, and Vegetables 5-2-1
T200 - Schedules for Propagative Plant Material 5-3-1
T300 - Schedules for Miscellaneous Plant Products 5-4-1
T400 - Schedules for Miscellaneous Products 5-5-1
T500 - Schedules for Plant Pests or Pathogens 5-6-1
T600-Controlled Atmosphere Temperature Treatment System 5-7-1
Domestic Treatments
5-8-1
Certifying Facilities
Overview 6-1-1
Certifying Facilities
Certification of Vacuum Fumigation Chambers 6-2-1
Certifying Atmospheric Fumigation Chambers 6-3-1
Certification of Cold Treatment 6-4-1
Certification of Hot Water Immersion Facilities 6-5-1
Certification of Niger seed Treatment Facilities 6-6-1
Certification of Forced Hot Air and Vapor Heat Treatment Facilities 6-7-1
Certifying Irradiation Treatment Facilities 6-8-1
Certifying Facilities for the Heat Treatment of Firewood 6-9-1
Hazard Communication Standard
Safety Data Sheets 7-1-1
Emergency Aid and Safety
Guidelines for Managing Pesticide Spills 7-2-1
Equipment
Glossary
Appendix A
Forms A-A-1
Appendix B
Coast Guard Regulations B-B-1
Appendix C
Conversion Tables C-C-1
Appendix D
Approved Treatment Facilities and Conveyances D-1-1
Appendix E
Reference Guide to Commercial Suppliers of Treatment and Related Safety
Equipment E-1-1
Appendix F
EPA Crop Groups F-1-1
Appendix G
Respirator Protection Information G-1-1
Index
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Figures 1
Treatment Manual
Figure 2-4-1 Container Arrangement in Two Rows—Both Doors Open
2-4-13
Figure 2-4-2 Container Arrangement in Two Rows—One Door Open 2-4-14
Figure 2-4-3 Example of the Position of Gas Sampling Tubes (Side View)
2-4-17
Figure 2-4-4 Typical Break Bulk Arrangement with Fans, Leads, Introduction
Line, Padding, and Sand Snakes 2-4-19
Figure 2-4-5 Formula for Calculating Dosage for Tarpaulin Fumigations
2-4-23
Figure 2-4-6 Formula for Determining the Amount of Gas to Add to
Schedules Not Equivalent to T101-a-1 2-4-31
Figure 2-4-7 Formula for Determining the Amount of Gas to Add to T101-a-1
or Equivalent Schedules 2-4-32
Figure 2-5-1 Formula for Calculating Dosage for Chamber Fumigations
2-5-9
Figure 2-6-1 Formula for Calculating Dosage for Vessel Fumigations 2-6-12
Figure 2-6-2 Formula for Determining the Amount of Gas to Add for Vessel
Fumigation 2-6-15
Figure 2-8-1 Formula for Calculating Dosage for Container Fumigations
Without a Tarpaulin 2-8-15
Figure 2-8-2 Formula for Determining the Amount of Gas to Add For
Schedules Not T101-a-1 Equivalent and Conducted in a
Container Without a Tarpaulin 2-8-22
Figure 2-8-3 Formula for Determining the Amount of Gas to Add For
T101-a-1 Equivalent Schedules for Container Fumigations
Without a Tarpaulin 2-8-23
Figure 2-8-4 Ductwork configuration for aeration of untarped containers: full
loads (top) and partial loads (bottom) 2-8-29
Figure 2-9-1 Diagram of placement of temperature sensors, represented by a
star 2-9-10
Figure 2-9-2 Formula for Calculating Dosage for Closed-door Container
Fumigations 2-9-16
Figure 2-9-3 Formula for Determining the Amount of Gas to Add to
Closed-Door Containerized Cargo 2-9-21
Figure 2-9-4 Ductwork configuration for aeration of closed door containers:
full loads (top) and partial loads (bottom) 2-9-25
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Figures
Figure 2-11-1 Diagram of ECO2FUME® Gas Cylinder 2-11-10
Figure 2-11-2 Diagram of One Type of Dispensing Equipment 2-11-12
Figure 2-11-3 Diagram of One Type of Blending Equipment 2-11-16
Figure 2-11-4 Diagram of VAPORPH3OS® and Forced Air Blending
Equipment 2-11-18
Figure 2-12-1 Formula for Calculating Aerosol Spray Time in Specific Areas
of Aircraft 2-12-2
Figure 2-12-2 Preparing to Dispense a Partial Can of 2% d-phenothrin + 2%
permethrin 2-12-7
Figure 2-12-3 Preparing to Dispense a Full Can of 2% d-phenothrin + 2%
permethrin 2-12-8
Figure 3-7-1 Proper Placement of Pulp Sensor within Larger Fruit 3-7-7
Figure 3-7-2 Proper Placement of Pulp Sensor within Smaller Fruit 3-7-8
Figure 3-7-3 Fruit stack with middle row temperature probe placement
3-7-10
Figure 3-7-4 40 foot Refrigerated Container with 18 Pallets of Fruit (not
drawn to scale) 3-7-11
Figure 3-7-5 Proper placement of cardboard between the last pallet row of
fruit and the back doors of the container 3-7-12
Figure 3-7-6 Number of Sensors in a Warehouse 3-7-21
Figure 5-5-1 Example of Inadequate Spacing Under Bamboo Bundles
5-5-21
Figure 5-5-2 Example of Inadequate Spacing Under Bamboo Bundles
5-5-21
Figure 5-5-3 Example of Adequate Space Above the Bamboo Bundles
5-5-22
Figure 5-5-4 Example of International Plant Protection Convention Marking
5-5-24
Figure 5-8-1 Formula for Calculating Granular Insecticide for Treating
Potting Media for IFA 5-8-21
Figure 6-4-1 Number of Temperature Sensors per compartment 6-4-6
Figure 6-4-2 Example of a Completed Application for USDA Vessel
Approval, page 1 of 2 6-4-9
Figure 6-4-3 Example of a Completed Application for USDA Vessel
Approval, page 2 of 2 6-4-10
Figure 6-4-4 Example of a Completed Application for USDA Container
Certification, page 1 of 2 6-4-12
Figure 6-4-5 Example of a Completed Application for USDA Container
Certification, page 2 of 2 6-4-13
Figure 6-4-6 Number of Sensors in a Warehouse 6-4-15
Figure 6-4-7 Example of a Completed Application for USDA Warehouse
Approval, page 1 of 3 6-4-18
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Figures
Figure 6-4-8 Example of a Completed Application for USDA Warehouse
Approval, page 2 of 3 6-4-19
Figure 6-4-9 Example of a Completed Application for USDA Warehouse
Approval, page 3 of 3 6-4-20
Figure 6-5-1 Hypothetical Certification Results: Treatment Tank with
Multiple Set Points 6-5-3
Figure 6-8-1 Flow Diagram for Plan Approval Application for Irradiation
Facilities in Countries Other Than the United States 6-8-3
Figure 7-2-1 Abbreviated Spill Plan, Personal Reference Card (Wallet-size)
7-2-2
Figure 7-2-2 Emergency Contacts for Pesticide Spills 7-2-3
Figure 7-2-3 Poison Control Center 7-2-4
Figure 7-2-4 Medical Emergency Facility 7-2-4
Figure 7-2-5 Federal Aviation Administration (FFA) Office 7-2-5
Figure 7-2-6 Community-Right-To-Know or Emergency Planning
Coordinator (Fire Marshall) 7-2-6
Figure 7-2-7 Fish and Game Department 7-2-6
Figure 7-2-8 Regional Veterinary Services (VS) Office 7-2-6
Figure 7-2-9 Regional Safety and Health Coordinator 7-2-7
Figure 7-2-10 Local Police 7-2-7
Figure 7-2-11 Local Hazardous Waste Official 7-2-8
Figure 8-1-1 Fumiscope® Models D, 4.0, and 5.1 8-1-2
Figure 8-1-2 Fumiscope® Model 5.1 8-1-3
Figure 8-1-3 Spectros Methyl Bromide Monitor 8-1-9
Figure 8-1-4 Methyl Bromide Volatilizer Coil 8-1-15
Figure 8-1-5 Tubing Specifications 8-1-16
Figure 8-1-6 Auxiliary Pump 8-1-19
Figure 8-1-7 Example of Pressure Measurement in an Open-arm Manometer
8-1-20
Figure 8-1-8 Example of U Tube Manometer 8-1-22
Figure 8-1-9 Example of a water trap 8-1-27
Figure 8-1-10 Tyvek® Cover 8-1-28
Figure 8-1-11 Tyvek® Cover with Safety Label (outlined in red and magnified
in Figure 8-1-12) 8-1-29
Figure 8-1-12 SKU Safety Label with Hologram 8-1-29
Figure 8-1-13 Example of an Approved Fan 8-1-31
Figure A-1 APHIS Form 205-R, Instructions and Worksheet for Calibrating
Portable Temperature Sensors A-A-3
Figure A-2 APHIS Form 206-R, Test of the Accuracy of the Permanent RTD
Sensors Installed in Hot Water Tanks A-A-4
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Figures
Figure A-3 APHIS Form 207-R, Sensor Location Diagram Fruit Weights and
Pulp Temperatures A-A-5
Figure A-4 Calibration of Temperature Probes (Cold Treatment) A-A-7
Figure A-5 Location of Temperature Sensors in Containerized Cargo
(ColdTreatment) A-A-8
Figure A-6 Example of PPQ Form 429, Fumigation Record (Front) A-A-9
Figure A-7 Example of PPQ Form 429, Fumigation Record (Back) A-A-10
Figure A-8 Example of PPQ Form 519, Compliance Agreement A-A-13
Figure A-9 Example of PPQ Form 523, Emergency Action Notification
A-A-16
Figure A-10 Example of PPQ Form 449-R, Temperature Recording
Calibration Report A-A-27
Figure A-11 PPQ Form 203, Foreign Site Certificate of Inspection and/or
Treatment A-A-29
Figure A-12 PPQ Form 556, In Transit Cold Treatment Clearance Report
A-A-32
Figure A-13 Worksite Specific Respiratory Protection Plan—Template (page
1 of 8) A-A-33
Figure A-14 Worksite Specific Respiratory Protection Plan—Template (page
2 of 8) A-A-34
Figure A-15 Worksite Specific Respiratory Protection Plan—Template (page
3 of 8) A-A-35
Figure A-16 Worksite Specific Respiratory Protection Plan—Template (page
4 of 8) A-A-36
Figure A-17 Worksite Specific Respiratory Protection Plan—Template (page
5 of 8) A-A-37
Figure A-18 Worksite Specific Respiratory Protection Plan—Template (page
6 of 8) A-A-38
Figure A-19 Worksite Specific Respiratory Protection Plan—Template (page
7 of 8) A-A-39
Figure A-20 Worksite Specific Respiratory Protection Plan—Template (page
8 of 8) A-A-40
Figure E-1 DC Scientific Glass - Approved Thermometers E-1-62
Figure E-2 Fisher Scientific - Approved Thermometers E-1-63
Figure E-3 VWR - Approved Thermometers E-1-63
Figure E-4 Cole Parmer - Approved Thermometers E-1-64
Figure G-1-1 Approved Half Face Respirators G-1-2
Figure G-1-2 Approved Full Face Respirators G-1-3
Figure G-1-3 Approved Organic Vapor/Acid Gas/P100 Cartridges G-1-3
Figure G-1-4 Approved SCBA G-1-3
Figure G-1-5 Approved AirHawk Ultra Elite Spectacle Kit-Sidewire G-1-4
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Tables 1
Treatment Manual
Table 2-3-1 List of Commodities Covered by FIFRA Section 18 Exemption
2-3-3
Table 2-4-1 Determine Reporting Requirements 2-4-7
Table 2-4-2 Number of Temperature Sensors 2-4-9
Table 2-4-3 Determine Whether to Use Commodity or Air Temperature for
Determining Dosage Rate For Nonpulpy Commodities 2-4-20
Table 2-4-4 Determine the Need to Add Gas and Adjust Exposure 2-4-30
Table 2-4-5 Determine the Extended Exposure Period 2-4-31
Table 2-4-6 Determine Gas Concentration Values and Corrections for Fruits
and Vegetables at the 30-Minute Reading of T101-a-1 or
Equivalent Schedules 2-4-34
Table 2-4-7 Determine Gas Concentration Values and Corrections for Fruits
and Vegetables at the 2-Hour Reading of T101-a-1 or
Equivalent Schedules 2-4-35
Table 2-4-8 Determine Responsibility for Aerating the Commodity 2-4-37
Table 2-4-9 Determine the Aeration Procedure 2-4-37
Table 2-4-10 Determine When to Release the Commodity for Nonsorptive
Containerized Cargo 2-4-39
Table 2-4-11 Determine When to Release the Commodity for Outdoor
Fumigations 2-4-40
Table 2-4-12 Determine When to Release the Commodity for Indoor
Fumigations 2-4-41
Table 2-4-13 Determine Number of Fans for Aeration of Fresh Fruits,
Vegetables, and Cut Flowers 2-4-41
Table 2-4-14 Determine When to Release the Commodity After Aeration of
Fresh Fruits, Vegetables, and Cut Flowers 2-4-42
Table 2-4-15 Determine when to Release the Sorptive Noncontainerized
Commodity for Outdoor Fumigations 2-4-43
Table 2-4-16 Determine When to Release the Sorptive Noncontainerized
Commodity for Indoor Fumigations 2-4-44
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Tables
Table 2-4-17 Determine when to Release the Sorptive Containerized
Commodity for Indoor Fumigations 2-4-45
Table 2-4-18 Determine when to Release the Sorptive Containerized
Commodity for Outdoor Fumigations 2-4-46
Table 2-5-1 Determine Whether to Use Commodity or Air Temperature for
Determining Dosage Rate 2-5-8
Table 2-5-2 Determine the Responsibility for Aerating the Commodity
During Chamber Fumigations 2-5-11
Table 2-5-3 Determine the Aeration Procedure for Chamber Fumigations
2-5-11
Table 2-5-4 Determine When to Release the Commodity After NAP
Fumigation 2-5-12
Table 2-5-5 Determine When to Release the Commodity After Vacuum
Fumigation 2-5-13
Table 2-6-1 Determine Time for Extended Exposure 2-6-15
Table 2-8-1 Responsibilities for Approving Tarpless Container Fumigations
2-8-4
Table 2-8-2 Determine Whether to Use Commodity or Air Temperature for
Determining Dosage Rate For Nonpulpy Commodities 2-8-14
Table 2-8-3 Determine the Need to Add Gas and Adjust Exposure 2-8-21
Table 2-8-4 Determine the Extended Exposure Period to Commodities that
are Not T101-a-1 Equivalent 2-8-22
Table 2-8-5 Determine Gas Concentration Values and Corrections for Fruits
and Vegetables at the 30-Minute Reading of T101-a-1 or
Equivalent Schedules 2-8-25
Table 2-8-6 Determine Gas Concentration Values and Corrections for Fruits
and Vegetables at the 2-Hour Reading of T101-a-1 or
Equivalent Schedules 2-8-26
Table 2-8-7 Determine Responsibility for Aerating the Commodity for
Tarpless Container Fumigation 2-8-27
Table 2-9-1 Determine the Extended Exposure Period for Closed-Door
Containerized Cargo 2-9-21
Table 2-10-1 Effect of Hose Inside Diameter on Rate of Gas Introduction
through a 25-Foot Hose (approximates, depending on cylinder
pressure) 2-10-3
Table 2-10-2 Effect of Hose Length on Rate of Gas Introduction through a
inch Inside Diameter Hose 2-10-4
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