Table Of ContentTHEITALICPEOPLEOFANCIENTAPULIA
NewEvidencefromPotteryforWorkshops,Markets,andCustoms
ThefocusofthisbookisontheItalicpeopleofApuliaduringthefourthcentury
B.C.E.,whenItaliccultureseemstohavereacheditspeakofaffluence.Scholars
have largely ignored these people and the region they inhabited. During the
past several decades, archaeologists have made significant progress in revealing
theculturesofApuliathroughexcavationsofhabitationsitesandun-plundered
tombs,oftenpublishedinItalianjournals.Thisbookmakesthebroadrangeof
recentscholarship–fromnewexcavationsandcontextstoarchaeometrictesting
of production hypotheses to archaeological evidence for reconsidering painter
attributions – available to English-speaking audiences. In it, thirteen scholars
fromItaly,theUnitedStates,GreatBritain,France,andAustraliapresenttargeted
essaysonaspectsoftheculturesoftheItalicpeopleofApuliaduringthefourth
centuryB.C.E.andthesurroundingdecades.(Supplementalimagesareavailable
atwww.cambridge.org/apulia.)
T. H. Carpenter is Charles J. Ping Professor of Humanities and Distinguished
ProfessorofClassicsatOhioUniversityinAthens,Ohio.Heisauthorofnumerous
booksandarticlesonGreekandSouthItalianiconography.
K.M.LynchisAssociateProfessorintheClassicsDepartmentattheUniversityof
Cincinnati.SheisauthorofTheSymposiuminContext,whichwonthe2013Wiseman
PrizefromtheArchaeologicalInstituteofAmerica.SheisaspecialistinAthenian
potteryanditsexporttotheWesternandEasternMediterranean.
E. G. D. Robinson is a senior lecturer in the Department of Archaeology at the
UniversityofSydney.HisfieldworkhasbeenconductedinPuglia(IFani,Alezio)
andBasilicata(Tolve).Hisprincipalresearchinterestiscross-culturalcontactin
SouthItaly.
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MapofApulia
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THE ITALIC PEOPLE OF
ANCIENT APULIA
New Evidence from Pottery for
Workshops, Markets, and Customs
Editedby
T. H. CARPENTER
OhioUniversity
K. M. LYNCH
UniversityofCincinnati
E. G. D. ROBINSON
UniversityofSydney
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32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,NY10013-2473,USA
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ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof
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Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107041868
(cid:2)C CambridgeUniversityPress2014
Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception
andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,
noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten
permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress.
Firstpublished2014
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData
TheItalicpeopleofancientApulia:newevidencefrompotteryforworkshops,markets,and
customs/[editedby]T.H.Carpenter,K.M.Lynch,E.G.D.Robinson.
pagescm
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-1-107-04186-8(hardback)
1.Puglia(Italy)–Antiquities. 2.Italicpeoples–Italy–Puglia–History. 3.Pottery,Italic–Italy–
Puglia. 4.Vases,Red-figured–Italy–Puglia. 5.Materialculture–Italy–Puglia. 6.Excavations
(Archaeology)–Italy–Puglia. 7.Gravegoods–Italy–Puglia. 8.Humangeography–Italy–
Puglia–History–To1500. 9.Socialarchaeology–Italy–Puglia. I.Carpenter,ThomasH.
II.Lynch,KathleenM. III.Robinson,E.G.D.
DG55.A65I83 2014
937ʹ.75–dc23 2014006690
ISBN978-1-107-04186-8Hardback
Additionalresourcesforthispublicationatwww.cambridge.org/apulia
CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyofURLsforexternal
orthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublicationanddoesnotguaranteethatany
contentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate.
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CONTENTS
ListofIllustrations pageix
ListofContributors xiii
Preface xv
Introduction 1
I. TIMEANDPLACE:HISTORYANDGEOGRAPHY 11
1. Pots,Peoples,andPlacesinFourth-CenturyB.C.E.Apulia 13
AlastairSmall
Geography,Geology,andLandUse 13
Ethnography,Anthropology,andMaterialCulture 18
Religion 20
PoliticalOrganization:CitiesandTerritories 20
SocialOrganization 23
Burials 23
WeaponsandWarfare 27
AtticImports 28
TheEthnicityoftheArtisans 32
TheEndoftheNativeApulianCultures 32
2. Iapygians:TheIndigenousPopulationsofAncientApulia
intheFifthandFourthCenturiesB.C.E. 36
MarioLombardo
LiteraryEvidencefortheIndigenousPopulationsofApulia 37
EthnicityandGeography 37
MythsofOrigins 40
RelationsbetweenApuliansandGreeks 43
EpigraphicEvidence 46
Messapia 47
PeucetiaandDaunia 50
Conclusions 51
v
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vi (cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4) Contents
APPENDIX:GreekandLatinSources 53
EthnicDenominationsandTerritorialDistributionofIndigenous
PopulationsinApulia 53
OriginsoftheDifferentPopulations 57
PoliticalOrganization 60
Society,SocialFigures,andPractices 62
PresenceofGreeksinIndigenousContexts 64
PoliticalRelationsoftheIapygianPeopleswiththeGreeks 64
II. POTTERYPRODUCTION:RED-FIGUREWORKSHOPS 69
3. ProductionandFunctionsofApulianRed-FigurePotteryin
Taras:NewContextsandProblemsofInterpretation 71
DidierFontannaz
TarantoandApulianRed-FigurePottery 72
Functions 74
OverviewofSettlementandSanctuaryContexts 74
TheChora 75
TombsandGraveGoods 76
OtherContextsintheNecropolis:Pits,Dumps,andWells 77
FunctionsofPotteryinBurialDeposits 79
SemataandVesselsfortheBurialCeremony 80
ProductionContexts 81
ViaLeonida52 83
ViaUmbriaandIsolatedEvidence 86
PerspectivesfortheLocationandIdentificationofTarentine
Workshops 88
4. Red-FigureVasesfromMetaponto:TheEvidencefromthe
NecropoleisalongtheCoastRoad 96
FrancescaSilvestrelli
5. HandsatWorkinMagnaGraecia:TheAmykosPainterandHis
Workshop 116
MartineDenoyelle
III. POTTERYINCONTEXT:ITALICSITES 131
BicePeruzzi
6. ApulianandLucanianPotteryfromCoastalPeucetianContexts 133
AdaRiccardi
7. TheDiffusionofMiddleandLateApulianVasesinPeucetian
FuneraryContexts:AComparisonofSeveralNecropoleis 152
AngelaCiancio
Bitonto 153
Rutigliano 155
Conversano 156
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Contents (cid:2)(cid:5)(cid:4) vii
8. Red-FigureVasesinFourth-CenturyB.C.E.Canosa:Images,
Assemblages,andtheCreationofaSocialHierarchy 168
MarissaCorrente
TheArchaeologicalEvidence 169
ThePiccoloViminiTomb 169
Tomb8/08inviaPianoS.Giovanni 175
Tomb1/08inviaPianoS.Giovanni 178
Conclusions 180
9. ApulianPotteryinMessapianContexts 186
MariaTeresaGiannotta
FuneraryRitualsinMessapia 187
MethodologyandAnalysisofFinds 188
DistributionPatternsandQuantitativeAnalysisoftheFindings 189
VaseShapesandDistribution 190
FunctionsandShapesoftheVases 194
ImportantSites 195
Vaste 197
Egnazia 198
Rudiae 200
Conclusions 205
IV. POTTERYINTERPRETED:APPROACHESTO
POTTERYSTUDIES 211
10. “Native”VaseShapesinSouthItalianRed-FigurePottery 213
FabioColivicchi
AtticImitationsofNative(Italic)Shapes 213
HistoryoftheKantharoidShapeinLucaniaandApulia 214
FunctionofKantharoidVesselsasWineVases 216
EvidenceofNativeWineCulturebeforeGreekColonization 216
ItalioteImitationofNativeShapes 217
Function 224
ImageryonItalioteImitationsofNativeShapes 226
ProductionPatterns 227
SelectionofShapesbyNativeMarkets 229
Addendum 233
11. ArchaeometricAnalysisofApulianandLucanian
Red-FigurePottery 243
E.G.D.Robinson
TechniqueandChemicalAnalysis 247
NewAnalysesofApulianRed-Figure(andRelated)Pottery 249
Results:LucanianRed-Figure 257
OtherTechniquesofChemicalAnalysis 259
Petrology 260
ConclusionsandSuggestions 261
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viii (cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4) Contents
12. ACaseforGreekTragedyinItalicSettlementsin
Fourth-CenturyB.C.E.Apulia 265
T.H.Carpenter
V. POTTERYASART:COLLECTIONS 281
13. ApulianandLucanianRed-FigurePotteryin
Eighteenth-CenturyCollections 283
MariaEmiliaMasci
SouthItalianandAtticVasesinEighteenth-CenturyCollections:
GeneralOverview 284
ApulianandLucanianVasesinSomeLateSeventeenth-andEarly
Eighteenth-CenturyCollections 286
CollectionsFormedintheNorthofItaly 287
CollectionsFormedinCentralItaly 287
CollectionsFormedinSouthernItaly 290
SomePossibleConclusions 296
AppendixofTypesofTombs 303
WorksCited 305
Index 339
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Frontispiece:MapofApulia pageii
I.1 MapshowingApulianpeoplesanddroveroadsofSouthItaly 3
1.1 MapofthephysicalgeographyofApulia 15
1.2 Basentellovalleysurveyshowingsitesofthefourthcentury
B.C.E. 17
1.3 Apulianred-figurecolumnkraterbytheSisyphusPainter 19
1.4 MonteSannace 21
1.5 Botromagnochambertomb 24
1.6 Canosa,Varresehypogeum 25
1.7 Gravina,StradaS.StefanoTomb25(1993) 27
1.8 Apulianred-figurecolumnkraterbythePrisonerPainter 29
1.9 Wheel-madepaintedpottery 31
2.1 InscribedbronzeheraldstafffromBrindisi 39
2.2 CoinsofArpi,Salapia,Canusium,Rubi,Azetium,Cailia,
Valesium,Ugentum 41
2.3 HypotheticalreconstructionofTarentineanathemafrom
thePeucetiansatDelphi 43
2.4 AtticorItaliotepotteryfragmentwithamapfromSoleto 48
2.5 InscriptionofArtosAtotiosfromRuvo 48
2.6 TarentineandMessapianalphabets 49
2.7 MessapicfuneraryinscriptionofapriestessofDamatra
fromValesio 50
2.8 VotiveinscriptiontoAproditaonanaltarfromCeglieMessapica 51
3.1 MapofClassicalTaras 75
3.2 FunerarydepositfromTomb9,PezzaPetrosa 77
3.3 SketchofcontextsheetofapitatthecornerofviaD’Alo`Alfieri
andviaLeonida 79
3.4 Drilledskyphoi 81
3.5 MapofthestructuresatviaLeonida52 83
3.6 FragmentsfromviaLeonida52 85
ix
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x (cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4) ListofIllustrations
3.7 PotteryfragmentsfromContr.Vaccarella,atthecornerofvia
UmbriaandMedaglied’Oro 87
3.8 PotteryfragmentsfromtheMaritimeArsenal 89
4.1 Metaponto.Schematiclocationoffuneraryareas 99
4.2 PelikebytheMeidiasPainter.Tomb428 101
4.3 Lekythos.Tomb428 103
4.4 PseudopanathenaicamphorabytheKarneiaPainter.
Tomb376 105
4.5 Hydria.Tomb250 107
4.6 LebesgamikosandlekythosbytheAnabatesPainter.
Tomb546 108
4.7 Pseudopanathenaicamphora.Tomb549 109
4.8 Pseudopanathenaicamphora.Tomb713 110
5.1 Hydria,AmykosPainter 119
5.2 Bellkrater,AmykosPainter 120
5.3 Chous,AmykosPainter 121
5.4 Nestoris,AmykosPainter 122
5.5 Columnkrater,AmykosPainter 123
5.6 Volutekrater,AmykosPainter 125
5.7 Pseudopanathenaicamphora,AmykosPainter 127
6.1 BellkraterbytheAmykosPainterfromTuri 135
6.2 EarlyApulianskyphosfromTuri 136
6.3 FuneraryassemblagefromTuri 137
6.4 FuneraryassemblagefromRuvo 140
6.5 BellkraterbytheAmykosPainterfromRuvo 141
6.6 LocalimitationofanAtticblack-figurecupfromRuvo 142
6.7 FuneraryassemblagefromRuvo 143
6.8 BellkraterbytheAnabatesPainterfromRuvo 144
6.9 BellkraterfromtheChevronGroupfromRuvo 145
6.10 VolutekraterbytheBaltimorePainter 147
7.1 BellkraterfromConversanoTomb5–1992 158
7.2 Conversano,Tomb9–1992,funeraryassemblage 159
7.3 ColumnkraterfromConversanoTomb9–1992 160
7.4 BellkraterfromConversanoTomb1–1987 161
7.5 Conversano,Tomb7–1992,funeraryassemblage 162
7.6 VolutekraterfromConversano,Tomb1–1991 163
7.7 VolutekraterfromthefuneraryassemblageofTombS.
Bartolomeo 164
7.8 AmphorafromConversantoTomb10–1958 165
8.1 AerialviewofCanosa 170
8.2 ThePiccoloViminiTomb,Canosa 171
8.3 Apulianred-figurevasesfromthePiccoloViminiTomb 173
8.4 Tomb8/08,Canosa 176
8.5 PlanofTomb8/08,Canosa 177
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