Practical Norwegian grammar

201 Pages·1986·43.32 MB·English

by  Rolf Strandskogen

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ORIS FORLAG
ASE-BERIT AND ROLF STRANDSKOGEN

Practical Norwegian Grammar

Translated from the original
and adapted by Barbara White

ORIS, 1986

Contents

Preface

L Parts of speech

VERBS

INFINITIVE

IMPERATIVE

SUBJUNCTIVE

INDICATIVE

Active

Pirssive

Present

Past (Imperiect)

Pertect

Pluperfect

Future

Future Perfeet

Conelvional

Conditional Pertect

“The Contiauous Aspee

SFOUENCE OF TENSES

MODAL AUXILIARIES

Modal auxibiacies without 2 main ver
TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERB
Conjugation of some inteansitive ane! transitive verbs
SEPARABLL AND INSEPARABLE COMPOUND VERBS 35

PRESENT PARTICIPLE a7
VERBS ENDING IN-S 38
CONIUGATIONS a0.
ARTICLES 45
FORM. as
Articles in relation to nouns 45

Arricles in relation to adjectives 46
FUNCTION
Simple‘conmound getinire
Rules for use of che

NOUNS
GENDER
Maseuting
Feminine

Neuter :
DECLENSIONS
Masculine nouns
Feminine nouns
Neuter nouns

MORE ABOUT SINGULAR AND PLURAL.

DEFINITE OR INDEFINITE KORM
cAsP

Nominative

Genitive

Dative

COMPOUND NOUNS
Nowa | Nowa
Adjective + Noun
Veub + Noun
Preposition ~ Noun
Adverl) + Noun

DECLENSTONS
Reyular declension
Arcegular forms

Litem

«Anuieny and «egens

eMaunges and «nyea ,
The indefinite form of the adjeerive
the definite form of the adjective
Succesiive adjectives
The past participle used as an adjective
Other adjectives ending in -et
Comparison of adjectives
Concord
ADVERBS
FORMS
Comparison of adverbs.
ADVERBS OF DIGREL
Velelige ~ winyes — xenday — vallers
ADVERBS OF PLAC
Stative and dynamic pairs
Pairs witt the same meanings
ADVERKS OF MANNER
Slikisinn» ~ wsttkvsin'
«Plvardans
ADVERBS OF MODIFICATION
«Dato, anak», «joo, wvels. ain, «sikkerts
sHellers
ADVERBS OF TIME
“Ennis ~ venga
Dar ~ asi
«Noes gang» — «Noen wangern
aSjelden» ~ «sjeldents
‘tate
ADVERBIAL PHRASES OF TIME
«1 git» — ai dage — i morgen»
Om sommerenvinteren»
«Om dageninaitens.
Md ite — «4 Arete
Duration of time
Holidays.
How long»
During

PRONOUNS
PERSONAL. PRONOUNS

Subject form

Subject or object form

Indefinite use ~ sdhus, «de»

Neutral forms ~ wden>, «dete

Repetition of subject forin

Object form in exclamations

REULEXIVE PRONOUNS,

In reflexive verbs .

Comparison with object form of personal pronouns
Reflexivoinant-rellexive verbs
Infinitives after retlesive pronuns
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
Position of possessives
Genitive
Retlesive possessive pronouns
DEMONSTRAIVE PRONOUNS
Tarm,
Obligatory neuter singuiar fem
Definite activie or demonstrative
Compound:Sinple detinite
Special note on demonstrative pronouns
Other demonstrative proneuns

Slike: aslikts ~ oshike

«Sammes

Selvinjailfe}>

Beg -
INTERROGA ITVE PRONOUNS

Hvem>

oFyas

cBvilken» clwitkets — chvilkes

«Hya for en‘etnocinuen»
RELALIVE PRONOUNS,

Some
As subject in relati
Spetial uses of sone
Literary forms

onoun’?

Each other

INDEFINITE PRONOUNS

One

Assertive pronouns — noen!mie
amnemunetiandee
mangeiniye

Negaitive pronouns - no oaeinothing

Universal pronouas ~ allieveryonereverything

ichiovery

Impersonal promot
CONJUNCTIONS

COORDINATING CONIUNCTIONS

SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
At

On
Conjunetions of time

Eller ate ~ sellers — wetterpa
Fore - «forans - «tidligere»
Conjunctions 0}
Forti» ~ for
“Ford
‘njanetions of condition
“<Uten ait ~ suten &
Conjunctions of concession
Conjanetions af purpose:
Conjunctions of result
«Sée
‘Conjunetions nf comparison

aciertin

INTERJECTIONS,

NUMERALS
CARDINALS‘ORDINALS,
Notes an «eniéniot’etts
Second

Alternative forms

Dates and age

Money
Some idioms,
Numerals written as words or tigures

PREPOSITIONS
Phice

Time

Purpose

Means,
Autribute
Genitive
Passive 160
Prepositional phrases which
replace genitives : r
Prepositionsl phrases which

replace compound nouns 16t
Idiomatic prepesitional phrases 162
II Sentence elements 180
SUBJECT . si
Det» as subj 180
VERB PERAS! + 181
COMPLEMENT .. 182
OBIECT . 183
INDIRECT OBIECT Ise
ADVERBIAL 135
IIL Sentence structure . 1K
MAIN CLAUSES, 186
SUBORDINATE CLAUSES ree B86
IV Word order a 188
MAIN CLAUSES — 188
Position of the subject . 188
Position of the verb phrase 188
Position of the adver 190
Position of the direct and indirect ob 192

Position of the reflexive pronoun
SUBORDINATE CLAUSES :
SUBORDINATE CLAUSE RELATIVE TO MAIN CLAUSE . 14

Subordinate clause fist. 194
Main clause first 194
RULES FOR THE USE OF COMMAS «0... 195
Index : . wr
Preface

"This grammar has been written specially for non-Norwegians, Our
nim has been te give i simples, step-by-step presentation of the
ugrammacical rules and systems of Norwegian «bokmal», one of the
‘vo official written varionls of Norwegian. ‘The many examples given
‘throughout the Pook assist the reacler in practical usages which
have proved dillicult lor those learning the language, As the
intention of this book is to give a practical guide to modern Nerweeian
as itis used in an everyday contest, emphasis has been given ta
providing translations of eae Norwegian examples whieh are as
colloguial and iiomatic as possible. ‘The British English variants
used throughout in the translasions may an occasion appear
unfamiliar to speakers of, for example. American English, but this
should not be an obstacle to a Tull understanding of the text

Hashim, January 1986

Ase-Herit and Rolf Strandskagen
Barbara Whise