Mining history and mineral resources of the Mimbres Resources area, Dona Ana, Luna, Hidalgo

254 Pages·2001·21.27 MB·English

MINING HISTORY AND MINERAL RESOURCEOSF THE MlMBRES RESOURCE
AREA, DORA ANA, LUNA, HIDALGO, AND GRANT COUNTIES, NEW MEXICO
Virginia T. McLemore, David M.S utphin, Daniel R Hack, andT im C. Pease
May 1996
New Mexico Bureauo f Mines and Mineral Resources
OPENFILE REPORT OF424
801 Leroy Place
Socorro, NM 87801
ABSTRACT
The Federal Land Policayn d Management Acto f 1976 (FLPMA) chargetsh e U. S. Bureau of Land
Management (BLM) withth e responsibility for preparing a mineral-resource inventorayn d assessment for mineral
resources fora ll of the public lands they manage. The Mimbres Resource Area othf e BLM, includes all of Dofia
Ana, Luna, Hidalgoa, nd Grant Counties,t he most mineralized areai n New Mexico. Mining has been an integral
part of the economy of the Mimbres Resource Area since pre-historic times. Twentyf@ivpee s of deposits are found
throughout the Mimbres Resource Area, including several world-class ore deposits.
The Mimbres Resource Area accounts for mof othste copper and zinc production from New Mexaicso
well as significant amountso f gold, lead, and silver. Total production fromth e Mimbres Resource Areias
estimated to amount to 15.7 billion poundso f copper, 100m illion ounceso f silver, 1.2 million ounceosf gold, 651
million poundso f lead, and2 .8 billion poundso f zinc. This accounts for over 90%of the total copper, zinc, and
silver production from New Mexico (1848-1993), 8o9f %th e lead, and 46% of the gold production. Other
commodities have been produceads well. Most mining since 195h0a s occurred in the Silver City area.
Many districtsi n the Mimbres Resource Area accounfot r most of the metals productioni n New Mexico.
In Grant County,t he Chino (Santa Rita district) and Tyrone (Burro Mountains district) a mrei tnhees largest
porphyry-copper deposits in New Mexico. The Chino mine is also the state’s largest gold producer.T he Burro
Mountains districti s the 2nd largest silver producing distriinc Nt ew Mexico, whereasth e Bayard district ranks
3rd. The Bayard districti s the 2nd largest silver producing distriicnt the state. The Fierro-hover district ranks
3rd in copper production behind SantRa ita and Burro Mountains districtsa,n d ranks 4thi n lead and 1sit n zinc
production. Other districts alsoa re significant base-a nd precious-metals producers: Piiios Altos (5th zinc6,t h
copper, 10th gold), Copper Flat (6thi n zinc), Carpenter (7thi n zinc), and Steeple Rock (9th gold,1 3th silver). In
Luna County, the Cooke’s Peak district rank5st h in lead productioni n the state and 9thin zinc productiona nd the
Victorio district ranks7 th in lead productioni n the state. In Hidalgo County,t he McGhee Peakm ining district is
the 8th largest zinca nd lead producing districitn New Mexico and Lordsburg is the 10th largest leada nd zinc
producing district in the state. The Lordsburg districti s also 4th in copper production,6 th in gold, and 4th in
silver production.
Today metal miningis occnning int he Silver City area (Chino, Tyrone, Continental mines)i n a tnhde
Lordsburg and Steeple Rock districts. Manganeseis sporadically produced from government stockpiliens L una
County. Industrial minerals, especially scoria (Aden district), clay (Bricklanadn d Pratt districts), silica
(Brockman district), travertine (Rincon, Doiia Ana County), agaatned, sand and gravel are important
commodities. Many of these mining districts have excellant potential for additional mineral discoveries.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract 1
Introduction 7
Acknowledgments i
Mining history and productionin the Mimbres Resource Area 7
Introduction 7
Early mining activities 19
Mining after the Civil War 21
Mining in the twentieth century 22
Mining methods 22
Ore processing 23
Types of deposits 30
Geology and mineral occurreucoefs the mining districtso f Doila Ana County 30
Introduction 30
Aden district 31
Bear Canyon district 34
Black Mountain district 36
BricUand district 37
Doiia Ana Mountains district 38
Iron Hill district 39
Northern Franklin Mountains district 40
Organ Mountains district 43
Potrillo Mountains district 56
Rincon district 60
San Andrecito-Hembrillo district 63
San Andres Canyon district 67
Tonuco Mountain district 67
Tomgas Mountain district 68
Geology and mineral occurrencoefs the mining districtso f Luna County 70
Introduction 70
Camel Mountain-Eagle Nest district 71
Carrizalillo district 75
Cooke’s Peak district 79
Florida Mountains district 83
Fluorite Ridge district 85
Little Florida Mountains district 87
Old Hadley district 89
Tres Hermanas district 90
Victorio district 95
Geology and mineral occurrenceso fthe mining districtso f Hidalgo County 102
Introduction 102
Antelope Wells-Dog Mountains district 103
Apache No. 2 distirct 105
Big Hatchet Mountains district 109
Brockman district 112
Fremont district 112
Gillespie district 114
Granite Gap district 119
JSimball district 123
Lordsbnrg district 125
McGhee Peak district 13 1
Mnir district 136
Pratt district 137
Rincon district 138
2
Silver Tip district 139
Sylvanite district 141
Geology and mineral occurrenceosf the mining districts of Grant County 147
Introduction 147
Alnm Mountaind istrict 149
Bayard district 151
Black Hawk district 154
Bound Ranch district 158
Burro Mountains district 160
Caprock Mountain district 166
Carpenter district 169
Chloride Flat district 172
Copper Flat district 175
Cora Miller district 176
Eureka district 178
Fierro-Hanover district 182
Fleming district 188
Georgetown district 191
Gila Fluorspar district 193
Gold Hill district 194
Lone Mountain district 200
Malone district 202
Northern Cooke’s Range district 203
Piiios Altos district 204
Ricolite district 209
San Francisco district 212
Santa Rita district 213
Steeple Rock district 217
Telegraph district 221
White Signal district 226
Wilcox district 23 1
References 234
Figure 1-Mining districts in the Mimbres ResourceA rea, Doiia Ana, Luna, Hidalgo, and Grant
Counties, New Mexico 11
Figure 2-Rock house at theG ila CliffDwellings National Monument 20
Figure 3-Arrastra mill on displayat the Way It Was Museumi n Virginia City, Nevada 23
Figure &-Cyprus mill at Deming in 1995 24
Figure 5-Hwley smelter in Grant County, New Mexicoin 1995 24
Figure 6-Mines and prospects in the Bear Canyon district, Doiia Ana CounNtye,w Mexico 35
Figure 7-Map of Copiapo jarosite mine 42
Figure 8-District zoning in theO rgan Mountains, Doiia Ana County, New Mexico 46
Figure 9-Gold-silver veins in Proterozoic granite and diabase at theR ock of Ages mine at Mineral
Hill in the Organ Mountains district 55
Figure 10-Galena pockets in limestone at the Modoc mine,O rgan Mountains district 55
Figure 11-Banded calcite, fluorite,a nd manganese oxidesa t theB ishops Cap mine,O rgan
Mountains district 56
Figure 12-Mines and prospectsi n the Potrillo Mountains, Doiia Ana CounNtye,w Mexico 57
Figure 13-Mines and prospects in the Rincon district, DoiiAa na County, New Mexico 61
Figure 14-View looking to the northeast of the upper and lower Palm Park barite mine, Rincon
district, Doiia Ana County, New Mexico 62
Figure 15-Simplified geologic sketch andp lan map of the Green Crawford mines, Dofia Ana
County, New Mexico 66
Figure 16-Mines and prospects in the Camel Mountain-Eagle Nest district, Luna County 72
3
Figure 17-Camel Mountain, looking north 73
Figure 18-Eagle Nest Hill, lookingn orth 74
Figure 19-Vein containing calcite, quartz, siderite, galenaan,d pyrite striking east-west at Eagle
Nest Hill 75
Figure 20-Mines and prospectsi n the Carrizallilo mining district, Luna County 77
Figure 21-Mines and prospectei n the Canizallio Hills, southern Carrizallilom ining district 78
Figure 22-Mines and prospectsi n the Tres Hennanas miningd istrict, Luna County 92
Figure 23-Mines and propsectsi n the Victorio mining district, Luna County 96
Figure 24-Closeup view of a 3-ft wide veiinn limestone at Mine Hill, Victorio mining district 99
Figure 25-Fissure vein in limestone at the Parole mine, Mine Hill, Victrio mining district 99
Figure 26-Map of the mines and prospects in the Antelope Wells-Dog Mountains mining district,
Hidalgo County 104
Figure 27-Map of the mines and prospectisn the Apache No. 2 mining district, Hidalgo County 106
Figure 28-Map of the mines and prospectisn the Big Hatchet Mountainsm ining district,
Hidalgo county 110
Figure 29-Map of the mines and prospects in the Gillespie mining district, Hidalgo County 115
Figure 30-Photo of the fluorite mill in 1994 at the Winkler anticline 117
Figure 31 -Photo of the Red Hill minei n 1994, Gillespiem ining district 118
Figure 32-Photo of the Gillespie minei n 1994, Gillespiem ining district 118
Figure 33-Map of the mines and prospects in the Granite Gapm ining districts, Hidalgo County 121
Figure 34-Map of the mines and prospects in the Lordsburg mining district, Hidalgo County 126
Figure 35-Map of the mines and prospects in the McGhee Peak mining district, Hidalgo County 134
Figure 36-Photo of the Carbonate Hill mine and mill,i n 1994, lookingw est, Hidalgo County 135
Figure 37-Map of the Silver Tip mining district, Hidalgo County 140
Figure 38-Eagle Point adit (lookoing east) with unaltered limestoto tnhee right and skam to the left,
Sylvanite district, Hidalgo County 145
Figure 39-Closeup of W-Cu-Pb skam at the Eagle Point mine, Sylvanite district, Hidalgo County 145
Figure 40-Mines and prospects in the Alum Mountainm ining district, Grant County 150
Figure 41-Mines and prospects in the Black Hawkm ining district, Grant County 155
Figure 42-Mines and prospects in the Caprock Mountain mining district, Grant County 167
Figure 43-Mines and prospects in the Carpenter mining district, Grant County 170
Figure 44-Mines and prospects in the Cora Millerm ining district, Grant County 177
Figure 45-Turquoise pit in sec. 2 T28S R16W, Eureka district, Grant County 181
Figure 46-Turquoise vein withi ron oxides (3 cm thick) in ash-flow tuff at turquoise pit 181
Figure 47-Baringer fault in the Continental pit, Fierro-Hanover district, Grant County 183
Figure 48-Generalized mineralization patternsi n Laramide skam deposits in southern New Mexico 184
Figure 49"Chalcopyrite in skam at the Continental pit, Fierro-Hanover district, Grant County 185
Figure 50-Mines and prospectsi n the Fleming mining district, Grant County 189
Figure 51-Feldspar in the White Top pegmatite, GolHd ill mining district, Grant County 199
Figure 52-Microlite and smarskite in feldspar at the South pegmatite, Grant County 199
Figure 53--cyprUs Pifios Altos decline, Pifios Altos district, Grant County 208
Figure 54-Chalcopyrite-galena ore pod at the Pifios Altos mine, Grant County 208
Figure 55-Mines and prospects in the Ricolite mining district, Grant County 210
Figure 56-Mines and prospects in the Santa Ritam ining district, Grant County 214
Figure 57-Santa Rita pit, looking sonth from overlook, Grant County 216
Figure 58-Mines and prospects in the Steeple Rock mining district, Grant County 218
Figure 59-Jimmy Reed fluorite mine, looking west, Wild Horse Mesa area, Telegraph district 224
Figure 60-Silicification along a faulti n the Wild Horse Mesa area, Telegraph district, Grant County2 25
Figure 61-Mines and prospects in the Wilcox mining district, Grant County 232
Table 1-Mining districts of the Mimbres Resource Area 7
Table 2-Base- and precious-metal productioni n the Mimbres Resource Area 12
Table 3-Placer gold deposits in the Resource Area Mimbres area 16
Table 4-Known barite and fluorite production from miinn eths e Mimbres Resource Area 17
4
Table 5-Uranium production from minesi n the Mimbres Resource Area 18
Table 64therp roduction from mines in the Mimbres Resource Area 18
Table 7-Tungsten production from the Mimbres Resource Area 19
Table &Manganese production from the Mimbres Resource Area 19
Table 9-Selected active, inactive,a nd dismantled millsi n the Mimbres Resource Area 25
Table lO-T-es of deposits in Doiia Ana County 30
Table 11-Selected scoria depositsi n Doda Ana and Luna Counties 31
Table 12Scoriap roduction in DoM Ana and Luna Counties 33
Table 13-Mines and prospects in the Bear Canyon district, Doiia Ana County, New Mexico 34
Table 14-Chemical analyses of samples collected fromth e lower contacti n the Bear Canyon district 36
Table 15-Mines and prospects in the Black Mountain district, Doiia County 37
Table 16-Mines and prospects in the Doiia Ana Mountains district, Doiia County 38
Table 17-Chemical analyses of samples collectedf rom the Doiia Ana Mountains district 39
Table 18-Mines and prospects in the Northern Franklin MountainsD, ofia AM County 40
Table 19-Chemical analyses of samples collected fromth e Northern Franklin Mountains district 41
Table 20-Assays of samples fromt he Copiapo jarosite prospect 41
Table 21-Metal production fromt he Organ Mountains district, Doiia Ana County 44
Table 22-Mines and prospects in the Organ Mountains mining district 47
Table 23-Chemical analyses of samples fromt he Organ Mountains district 53
Table 24-Mines and prospects in the Potrillo Mountains, Doiia Ana County 58
Table 25-Assays of samples collectedf rom the Potrillo Mountains 59
Table 26-Mines and prospects in the Rincon district, DoiiaA na County 60
Table 27-Chemical analyses of samples from selected minaesn d prospects in the Rincon district 63
Table 28-Mines and prospects in the San Andrecito-Hembrillo district, Doiia Ana County 64
Table 29-Chemical analyses of samples fromt he Green Crawford, Hospital Canyon, and
Hembrillo Canyon mines 65
Table 30-Mines and prospects in the Tonoco mining district, Doiia Ana County 68
Table 31 -Reported metal productionf rom Luna County, New Mexico 70
Table 32-Prospects in the Camel Mountain-Eagle Nesat rea, Luna County 71
Table 33-Mines and prospects in the Carrizalillo mining district, Luna County 76
Table 34-Reported metal production fromt he Cooke's Peak district, Luna County 80
Table 35-Mines and prospects fromt he Cooke's Peak district, Luna County 81
Table 36-Metal production from individual mineisn the Cooke's Peak district, Luna County 82
Table 37-Reported metal production fromt he Florida Mountains, Luna County 83
Table 38-Mines and prospects fromth e Florida Mountains mining district, Luna County 84
Table 39-Mines and prospects fromth e Fluorite Ridge mining district, Luna County 85
Table 40-Mines and prospects fromt he Little Florida Mountainms ining district, Luna County 89
Table 41-Mines and prospects fromt he Old Hadley mining district, Luna County 90
Table 42-Reported metal production from the Tres Hermanas district, Luna County 91
Table 43-Mines and prospects fromt he Tres Hermanasm ining district, Luna County 94
Table 44-Reported metal production from the Victorio district, Luna County 97
Table 45-Mines and prospects fromt he Victorio mining districtL, una County 100
Table 46-Chemical analyses of samples fromt he Victoria district 101
Table 47-Metal production from Hidalgo County, 1920-1957 102
Table 48-Mines and prospects in the Antelope Wells-Dog Mountains mining district, Hidalgo County 103
Table 49-Reponed metal production from the Apache No. 2m ining district, Hidalgo County 105
Table 50-Mines and prospects in the Apache No. 2m ining district, Hidalgo County 107
Table 51-Mines and prospects in the Big Hatchet Mountainsm ining district, Hidalgo County 109
Table 52-Reported metal productionf rom the Fremont mining district, Hiddgo andL una Counties 112
Table 53-Mines and prospects in the Fremont mining district, Hidalgo County 113
Table 54-Reported metal productionf rom the Gillespie mining district, Hidalgoa nd Luna Counties 114
Table 55-Mines and prospects in the Gillespie mining district, Hidalgoa nd Luna Counties 116
Table 56-Reported metal production from the Granite Gapm ining district, Hidalgo County 120
Table 57-Mines and prospects in the Granite Gapm ining district, Hidalgo County 122
5
Table 58-Mines and prospectsi n the Kimball mining district, Hidalgo County 124
Table 59-Reported metal production fromt he Lordsburg mining district, Hidalgo County 127
Table 60-Mines and prospectsi n the Lordsburg mining district, Hidalgo County 128
Table 61-Mines and prospectsi n the McGhee Peak miningd istrict, Hidalgo County 132
Table 62-Mineral occurrences in the Muir mining district, Hidalgo County 136
Table 63-Mines and prospectsi n the Rincon mining district, Hidalgo County 138
Table 64-Reported metal production from the Sylvanite mining district, Hidalgo County 141
Table 65-Mines and prospectsi n the Sylvanite mining district, Hidalgo County 143
Table 66-Chemical analyses of samples fromt he Sylvanite mining district, Hidalgo County 146
Table 67-Metals production from Grant County from 1904 to 1958 147
Table 68-Mines and prospectsi n the Alum Mountain mining district, Grant County 151
Table 69-Mines and prospectsi n the Bayard mining district, Grant County 152
Table 70-Chemical analyses of samples collected fromth e Manhattan and Peerless claims 153
Table 71 -Metals production fromt he Black Hawk mining district, Grant County 154
Table 72-Mines and prospectsi n the Black Hawk mining district, Grant County 156
Table 73-Mines and prospectsi n the Bound Ranch mining district, Grant County 158
Table 7LMetals production fromt he Burro Mountains mining district, Grant County 161
Table 75-Copper production fromt he Tyrone mine 162
Table 76-Mines and prospectsi n the Burro Mountains mining district, Grant County 163
Table 77-Mines and prospectsi n the Caprock Mountain mining district, Grant County 168
Table 78-Metals production from the Carpenter mining district, Grant County 169
Table 79-Reported production from individual mines in the Carpenter district, Grant County 171
Table 80-Mines and prospectsi n the Carpenter mining district, Grant County 172
Table 81-Metals production from theC hloride Flat mining district, Grant County 173
Table 82-Mines and prospectsi n the Chloride Flat mining district, Grant County 174
Table 83-Mines and prospectsi n the Copper Flat mining district, Grant County 176
Table 84-Metals production from the Eureka mining district, Grant County 178
Table 85-Mines and prospectsi n the Eureka mining district, Grant County 179
Table 86-Mines and prospectsi n the Fierro-Hanover mining district, Grant County 185
Table 87-Metals production from the Fleming miningd istrict, Grant County 190
Table 88-Mines and prospectsi n the Fleming mining district, Grant County 191
Table 89-Mines and prospectsi n the Georgetown mining district, Grant County 192
Table 90-Chemical analyses of samples fromt he Georgetown district, Grant County. 192
Table 91-Mines and prospectsi n the Gila Fluorspar mining district, Grant County 193
Table 92-Metals production from the Gold Hill mining district, Grant County 195
Table 93-Mines and prospectsi n the Gold Hill mining district, Grant County 195
Table 94-Metals production from the Lone Mountain mining district, Grant County 200
Table 95-Mines and prospectsi n the Lone Mountain mining district, Grant County 20 1
Table 96-Mines and prospectsi n the Malone mining district, Grant County 202
Table 97-Mines and prospectsi n the Northern Cooke’s Range mining district, Grant County 204
Table 98-Metals production from the Pifios Altos mining district, Grant County 205
Table 99-Mines and prospectsi n the Pifios Altos mining district, Grant County 206
Table 100-Mines and prospectsi n the Ricolite mining district, Grant County 211
Table 101-Selected production from the Chino mine, SantaR ita district 215
Table 102-Metals production from the Steeple Rock mining district, Grant County 219
Table 103-Mines and prospectsi n the Steeple Rock mining district, Grant County 220
Table 104-Metals production fromt he Telegraph mining district, Grant County 222
Table 105-Mines and prospectsi n the Telegraph mining district, Grant County 222
Table 106-Chemical analyses of samples fromt he Wild Horse Mesaa rea 225
Table 107-Metals production from the White Signal mining district, Grant County 226
Table 108-Mines and prospectsi n the White Signal mining district, Grant County 227
Table 109-Mines and prospectsi n the Wilcox mining district, Grant County 23 1
6
INTRODUCTION
The Federal Land Policayn d Management Acto f 1976 (FLPMA)c harges the U. S. Bureau of Land
Management (BLM) with the responsibility for preparinga mineral-resource inventov and assessmentf or mineral
resources for all of the public lands they manageI.n order to meetth is requirement, the BLM requestedt he U. S.
Geological Survey (USGSt)o prepare a comprehensive reporto n the mineral resourcesi n the BLM's Mimbres
Resource Area, which includeDs oM Ana, Luna, Hidalgo,a nd Grant Countiesi n southwestern New Mexico Fig.
1). The USGS, in turn, requested the assistance of the staff at the New Mexico Bureau of Minaensd Mineral
Resources (NMBMMR). This report includes sectionsd escribing the mining historya nd geology oft he mining
districts in the Mimbres Resource Area, which will be incluidne tdh e final USGS report. This report is open-filed
by NMBMMR in order to make this information available quicklyto the public. This report also contains some
information not includedin the final USGS report. This study is based upon integrationo f limited field
reconnaissance with published and unpublished repoartnsd geochemical data. More detailed reportasr e underway
and will be availablea s NMBMMR county bulletins.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Robert Eveleth,F rank Kottlowski, and Virgil Luet(h N MBMMR) and Dave Lindseya nd Susan Bartsch-
Wider (USGS) reviewedp arts of this manuscript and their comments are appreciated. USGS scientists helpeidn
the field worka nd mineral-resource assessmenta nd some oft heir conclusions are added, especiallyJ eny
Hassermer, Jim Picktin, and Doug Klein. Robert Myers (Environmental ServiWceSsM, R) authorized accesst o the
White Sands Missile Rangea nd his assistance is appreciated. In addition, I would like to acknowledge Robert
North and many students ovetrh e years who assistedin compiling the production statistics. Daniel Hacakn d Tim
Peace provided technical assistance. David McCraw(N MB- Cartography Department) draftedt he figures.
This work is part of ongoing research on mineral resouracte Ns MB- Charles Chapin, Directora nd State
Geologist.
MINING HISTORY AND PRODUCTION INT HE MIMBRES RESOURCE AREA
Introduction
Mining has beena n integral part of the economy of the Mimbres Resource Area since pre-historic times.
Mining districts are found throughouti n the Mimbres Resource Area (Tabl1e, Fig. 1) and several world-class ore
deposits are found in the region. Unfortunately, financial scams and frauds along with exaggerationofs vast
mineral wealth have also plagued southwesNteernw Mexico. Despite this, the Mimbres Resource Area accounts
for most of the copper and zinc production fromN ew Mexico as well as significant amountso f gold, lead, and
silver. Total production fromth e Mimbres Resource Areai s estimated to amount to 15.7 billion poundosf copper,
100 million ounceos f silver, 1.2 million ounceosf gold, 651 million poundso f lead, and 2.8 billion poundso f zinc
(Table 2). This accounts for over 90%of the total copper, zinc, and silver production from New Mexico (1848-
1993), 89% oft he lead, and 46%o f the gold production( NMBMMR file data, compiled by V.T. McLemore).
Other commodities have been producaesd w ell.
TABLE 1-Mining districts of the Mimbres Resource Area. District names modified from File and Northrop
(1966), Northrop, 1959), andN orth and McLemore (1986). Type of deposit after North and McLemore
(1986,1988) andin cludes USGS classificationi n parenthesis (Coxa nd Singer, 1986).
DISTRICT( A LIASES) YEAR OF YEARS OF COMMODITIES TYPE OF DEPOSIT
DISCOVERY PRODUCTION PRODUCED (PRESENT)
DoiioAno Counw
Aden (Patrillo, Black 1900s 1950s-presenl scoria volcanic
M0""tain)
Bear Canyon (Stevens, San 1900 early 1900% 1932, Cu, Ag, Pb, Ba (F, V, Mo) Rio Grande Rift
AgUStin) 1950s
BlackMountain'(Kent, 1883 1883-1900s Cu, Au, A& Pb, F (.Ba). Rio Grande Rifl
Organ) I I I
Brickland (Eagle) 1900s present I brick clay, silica,l imestone I sedimentary
I I I
Doila Ana Mountains 1900 early 1900s CAu u, , A& marb(lM e n, Pb, volcanic-epitheml(25b,c,d,e)
-.
I I I ;In) I
IronHil(l R obledMo ts.) I 1930s none Fe, travertine de1 pseod siiirtmos nen tary (340
Norihem Franklin 1914 1914 Ag, Pb, Fe, jamsite, gypsum Rio Grande Rift, volcanic-epithmal(?)
Mountains limestone, shale (F, Ba)
7

6