Marita Concepcion Castro Guevara Ana Maria Felisa Galang Mayor Mary Racelis

189 Pages·2009·5.92 MB·English

by  Marita Guevara

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THE PHILIPPINE PILOT STUDY OF THE
CHILD FRIENDLY COMMUNITY
PARTICIPATORY ASSESSMENT TOOLS

Marita Concepcion Castro Guevara
Ana Maria Felisa Galang Mayor
Mary Racelis

With the assistance of the

Childwatch International Research Network
United Nations Children’s Fund – Innocenti Research Centre
Children’s Environments Research Group
Bernard van Leer Foundation
Researched, written, and submitted in 2009 by Marita Concepcion Castro Guevara
Ana Maria Felisa Galang Mayor
Mary Racelis

With the assistance of the Childwatch International Research Network
United Nations Children’s Fund – Innocenti Research Centre
Children’s Environments Research Group
Bernard van Leer Foundation

2009 Quezon City, Philippines

Cover design and text layout by Marita Concepcion Castro Guevara

Cover picture: a family from Block 1-Gasangan in Barangay 201 (Baseco), Tondo, Manila

Unless otherwise indicated, all photographs in this report were taken by Marita Concepcion Castro
Guevara and Ana Maria Felisa Galang Mayor from May to August 2009, in the course of doing the
Philippine Pilot Study of the Child Friendly Community Participatory Assessment Tools. They had
sought and obtained the permission of the adults and children from Barangay 201 (Kalayaan) in
Pasay City and from Barangay 649 (Baseco) in the City of Manila before taking their pictures.

ii The Philippine Pilot Study of the Child Friendly Community Participatory Assessment Tools
Contents

List of Tables and Boxes........................................................................................................... vi

List of Figures………………………………………………………………………………………… viii

Acronyms and Abbreviations………………………………………………………………………...xi

Chapter 1 Overview of the CFC Research Initiative
and the Philippine Pilot Study

Rationale................................................................................................................1
Site selection..........................................................................................................2
Methodology...........................................................................................................4
Entry into the community……………………………………………………... 4
Sampling of households and research participants………………………...6
Data gathering…………………………………………………………………..9
Data encoding and interpretation..........................................................................19
Processing the results of households interviews………………………….19

Chapter 2 The CFC assessment tools used in the Philippine Pilot Study

Developing the Philippine CFC participatory assessment tools.............................21
The realities of Metro Manila urban poor…………………………………...21
Existing international child rights indicators………………………………..23
Existing Philippine government child rights indicators………………..…..27
The Philippine community assessment tools
CFC personal assessment tool used with children aged 7 to 17..............30
CFC personal assessment tool used with mothers/female caregivers.....37
CFC group assessment tool used with children aged 7 to 9....................46
CFC group assessment tool used with children aged 10 to 12
and with youths aged 13 to 17.........................................................50
CFC group assessment tool used with mothers/female caregivers
and with community service providers.............................................55
Recapitulation............................................................................................60

Chapter 3 Studying the situation of poor children in Metro Manila
using the CFC assessment tools

Barangay 201 (Kalayaan), Pasay City
Profile of Kalayaan....................................................................................61
Kalayaan children and adults assess their community:
Results of the interviews and focus groups........................................69
The Philippine Pilot Study of the Child Friendly Community Participatory Assessment Tools iii
Barangay 649 (Baseco), City of Manila
Profile of Baseco.......................................................................................77
Baseco children and adults assess their community:
Results of the interviews and focus groups…...................................88

Recapitulation.......................................................................................................97
Similarities between Kalayaan and Baseco………………………………..97
Variances between Kalayaan and Baseco…………………………………98

Chapter 4 Evaluation of the CFC assessment tools

Advantages of using the CFC assessment tools...............................................103
Factors that facilitated the research process.....................................................106
Difficulties encountered unrelated to the methodology.......................................107
Methodology-related difficulties..........................................................................109
Logistical difficulties…………………………………………………………109
Difficulties related to the research instruments
(individual and group CFC assessment tools)………………………..110
Limitations of using the CFC assessment tools.................................................122

Chapter 5 Recommendations for improving the CFC assessment tools

Recapitulation....................................................................................................125
CFC personal and group assessment tools for children aged 7 to 12...............127
CFC personal and group assessment tools for adolescents aged 13 to 17........130
CFC personal assessment tool for mothers; and group assessment tool
for mothers and for community service providers.........................................134

Chapter 6 Personal reflections

Of smiles, poverty and hope: Thoughts on participating
in the Philippine Pilot Study by Ana Maria Felisa G. Mayor..........................139

Appendices

Appendix A: List of focus group participants from Barangay 201 (Kalayaan)
and Barangay 649 (Baseco).......................................................143
Appendix A.1: List of focus group participants: Mothers from
Barangay 201, Pasay City..........................................................144
Appendix A.2: List of focus group participants: Community service providers of
Barangay 201, Pasay City..........................................................145
Appendix A.3: List of focus group participants: Male children aged 7 to 12
from Barangay 201, Pasay City..................................................146
Appendix A.4: List of focus group participants: Female children aged 7 to 12
from Barangay 201, Pasay City..................................................147
iv The Philippine Pilot Study of the Child Friendly Community Participatory Assessment Tools
Appendix A.5: List of focus group participants: Male adolescents aged 13 to 17
from Barangay 201, Pasay City..................................................148
Appendix A.6: List of focus group participants: Female adolescents
aged 13 to 17 from Barangay 201, Pasay City...........................149
Appendix A.7: List of focus group participants: Mothers from
Barangay 649, City of Manila......................................................150
Appendix A.8: List of focus group participants: Community service providers of
Barangay 649, City of Manila......................................................151
Appendix A.9: List of focus group participants: Male and female children
aged 7 to 9 from Barangay 649, City of Manila..........................152
Appendix A.10: List of focus group participants: Male children aged 10 to 12
from Barangay 649, City of Manila............................................153
Appendix A.11: List of focus group participants: Female children
aged 10 to 12 from Barangay 649, City of Manila.....................154
Appendix A.11: List of focus group participants: Male adolescents
aged 13 to 17 from Barangay 649, City of Manila.....................155
Appendix A.13: List of focus group participants: Female adolescents
aged 13 to 17 from Barangay 649, City of Manila....................156
Appendix B: Pictures of child rights indicators used in the focus group
discussion with children with Baseco children, aged 7 to 9........157
Appendix C: Age-appropriate modules for eliciting children’s
and adolescents’ views of life in their community.......................169

The Philippine Pilot Study of the Child Friendly Community Participatory Assessment Tools v
List of Tables and Boxes

Table 1.1 Distribution of study households by geographical area, per study community.......6

Table 1.2 Distribution of mothers and children interviewed by geographical area,
per study community..............................................................................................8

Table 1.3 Distribution of children and adolescents interviewed by sex and age,
per study community..............................................................................................8

Table 1.4 Focus group discussions held per community........................................................9

Table 2.1 CERG child rights indicators used in the Philippine individual and group
CFC assessment tools.........................................................................................24

Table 2.2 UNICEF SOWC 2009 child rights indicators used in the Philippine individual
and group cfc assessment tools...........................................................................25

Table 2.3 UN Convention on the rights of the child (CRC) indicators used
in the Philippine individual and group CFC assessment tools.............................26

Table 2.4 CHILD 21 indicators used in the Philippine individual and group
CFC assessment tools.........................................................................................27

Table 2.5 33 minimum basic needs indicators and 14 core local poverty indicators
used in the Philippine individual and group CFC assessment tools....................29

Box 3.1 List of homeowners’ associations in Barangay 201 (Kalayaan)..........................64

Table 3.1 Profile of interviewed Kalayaan children and adolescents………………………..69

Table 3.2 Profile of interviewed Kalayaan mothers……………………………………………70

Table 3.3 Profile of Kalayaan survey households……………………………………………...71

Table 3.4 Tabulated results of the Barangay 201 (Kalayaan) household interviews
with mothers and one of her children (aged 7 to 17 years).................................72

Table 3.5 Tabulated results of the Barangay 201 (Kalayaan) focus group discussions
with mothers, community service providers, children (aged 7 to 12),
and adolescents (aged 13 to 17).........................................................................74

Box 3.2 List of areas and blocks in Barangay 549 (Baseco)……………………………….82

Table 3.6 Profile of interviewed Baseco children and adolescents…………………………..88

vi The Philippine Pilot Study of the Child Friendly Community Participatory Assessment Tools
Table 3.7 Profile of interviewed Baseco mothers………………………………………………89

Table 3.8 Profile of Baseco survey households……………………………………………......90

Table 3.9 Tabulated results of the Barangay 649 (Baseco) household interviews
with mothers and one of her children (aged 7 to 17 years)..................................91

Table 3.10 Tabulated results of the Barangay 649 (Baseco) focus group discussions
with mothers, community service providers, children (aged 7-9, 10-12),
and adolescents (aged 13 to 17).........................................................................93

Table 3.11 Comparison of Barangay 201 (Kalayaan) and Barangay 649 (Baseco)
based on results of interviews with mothers and their children (7-17 yrs)...........99

Table 3.12 Comparison of Barangay 201 (Kalayaan) and Barangay 649 (Baseco)
based on results of focus group discussions with mothers, community
service providers, children (aged 7 to 12), and youths (aged 13 to 17).............101

Table 4.1 Comments on the indicators used in interviews with adults (mothers and community
service providers), children (aged 7-12), and adolescents (aged 13-17).................117
The Philippine Pilot Study of the Child Friendly Community Participatory Assessment Tools vii
List of Figures

Figure 1.1 Map showing the cities and municipalities of Metro Manila...................................2

Figure 1.2 Flow chart of the research phases for each study community...............................5

Figure 1.3 Visual symbols developed by the CERG for the CFC Assessment Tools............10

Figure 1.4 Visual symbols used in the interviews and focus groups of the Philippine
pilot study.............................................................................................................10

Figure 1.5 Folder containing the stick-on symbols used during household interviews..........12

Figure 1.6 Folder containing the stick-on used during focus group discussions...................12

Figure 1.7 Requisites for holding focus groups: visual aid and folder
with stick-on symbols...........................................................................................12

Figure 1.8 Visual aids prepared for a focus group (4 to 5 sheets per FGD)..........................12

Figure 1.9 Front page of an accomplished interview guide...................................................13

Figure 1.10 Inside pages of an accomplished interview guide................................................13

Figure 1.11 A mother being interviewed inside her house, with her children looking on.........13

Figure 1.12 A girl being interviewed outside her house, with other children listening in..........13

Figure 1.13 A pack of macaroons for each mother interviewed..............................................14

Figure 1.14 A notebook for each child/adolescent interviewed...............................................14

Figure 1.15 Marita Guevara (extreme left) and Ana Mayor (extreme right) in Kalayaan.........15

Figure 1.16 Mary Racelis at a focus group discussion with Baseco female adolescents........15

Figure 1.17 Focus group with Kalayaan mothers held in the barangay gym...........................16

Figure 1.18 Focus group with Baseco service providers held in a multipurpose center..........16

Figure 1.19 Focus group with Kalayaan female youths aged 13-17 held in a chapel.............16

Figure 1.20 Focus group with Kalayaan male youths aged 13-17 held in a resident’s house..16

Figure 1.21 Focus group with Baseco girls aged 10-12 held in a feeding/daycare center......16

viii The Philippine Pilot Study of the Child Friendly Community Participatory Assessment Tools