Table Of Contentt
w
e
l
f
t
h
e d i t i o n
d e
The Twelfth Edition of this trusted and respected text takes students on an extraordinary i h
t t
f
musical journey through the changing styles and fascinating history of jazz. Offering i l
a listening-based approach to the study of jazz history, this text helps students gain no w e JA Z Z
t
a better understanding of the music and how it has evolved over the decades while
remaining a uniquely American art form.
New in the Twelfth Edition
&
• Expanded recording package offers longer tracks as well as new recordings, including
Paul O. W. Tanner David W. Megill
Miles Davis, Dave Brubeck, and Ella Fitzgerald.
J
• New chapter focuses on John Coltrane, his musical evolution, and his lasting
A
legacy.
Z
• Reorganized chapter on jazz heritages clarifies the timeline of early jazz influences.
Z
• Engaging features such as Profiles in Jazz, Witness to Jazz, and Vamping provide
biographical sketches, personal anecdotes about legendary musicians, and
interesting asides that add color to the presentation and enhance student understanding
of the world of jazz.
The Online Learning Center includes a wealth of additional student and instructor M
D
resources, including Interactive Guides to Jazz Styles, flashcards, and quizzes. D
A
L
I
M
Visit www.mhhe.com/jazz12.
#
1
1
7
7
T 7
a 4
5
n 0
n 1
/2
e 8
r /1
2
& C
Y
A
M N
e M
g A
i G
ll Y
E
L
O
B
L
K
AUDIO SELECTIONS AND LISTENING GUIDES
CD 1 5 Tito Puente: Donna Lee 193
6 Miles Davis: Boplicity 206
1 Leadbelly: Juliana Johnson 25
7 Bill Evans with Scott Lafaro & Paul Motian:
2 Rev. J.M. Gates: Dry Bones 31
Autumn Leaves 208
3 Robert Johnson: Hellhound on My Trail 51
8 Dave Brubeck Quartet: Blue Rondo á la Turk 211
4 Bessie Smith: Empty Bed Blues 53
9 Modern Jazz Quartet: Django 214
5 Meade Lux Lewis: Honky Tonk Train Blues 71
10 Astrud Gilberto/João Gilberto/Stan Getz:
6 James P. Johnson: Carolina Shout 74
Girl from Ipanema 219
7 Art Tatum: Willow Weep for Me 75
11 Miles Davis with the Gil Evans Orchestra:
8 King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band: Dippermouth Blues 86 Summertime 229
9 Scott Joplin: Maple Leaf Rag 64 12 Miles Davis Quintet: Footprints 231
10 Jelly Roll Morton: Maple Leaf Rag 65 13 Miles Davis Sextet: So What 235
11 The New Orleans Footwarmers featuring 14 Horace Silver: The Preacher 245
Sidney Bechet: Maple Leaf Rag 89
CD 3
12 Louis Armstrong and His Hot Five:
West End Blues 102 1 Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers: E.T.A. 249
13 Frank Trumbauer and His Orchestra featuring 2 Sonny Rollins: Blue 7 251
Bix Beiderbecke: Singin’ the Blues 104 3 Charles Mingus: Eclipse 252
14 Fletcher Henderson and His Orchestra: 4 Thelonious Monk with John Coltrane:
Wrappin’ It Up 115
Trinkle Tinkle 263
15 Count Basie and His Orchestra: Taxi War Dance 122 5 Ornette Coleman: Faces and Places 275
16 Glenn Miller and His Orchestra: In the Mood 128 6 Miles Davis: Bitches Brew 293
17 Coleman Hawkins: The Man I Love 134 7 Weather Report: Birdland 299
18 Count Basie’s Kansas City Six: Lester Leaps In 135
CD 4
19 Benny Goodman Quartet: I Got Rhythm 137
1 Michael Brecker: Itsbynne Reel 302
20 Billie Holiday: Fine and Mellow 138
2 Yellowjackets: Out of Town 305
21 Ella Fitzgerald: All of Me 142
3 Poncho Sanchez: Watermelon Man 309
22 Duke Ellington and His Famous Orchestra:
In a Mellotone 155 4 Wynton Marsalis: Hackensack 318
23 Johnny Hodges: Passion Flower 156 5 Jane Ira Bloom: Cagney 323
24 Duke Ellington and His Famous Orchestra: Ko-Ko 162 6 Keith Jarrett: Bop-Be (Take 2) 326
7 Maria Schneider: Wyrgly 332
CD 2
8 Betty Carter: You’re Driving Me Crazy
1 Dizzy Gillespie All Star Quintette: Shaw ‘Nuff 180 (What Did I Do?) 334
2 Charlie Parker’s Re-Boppers: KoKo 181 9 Diana Krall: As Long as I Live 341
3 Thelonious Monk with Miles Davis All Stars: 10 New York Voices: Top Secret 343
Bag’s Groove 186
4 Dizzy Gillespie’s Latin Big Band: Manteca 190
ISBN: 0078025117 Inside Covers
Author: Paul O.W. Tanner Color: 1c
Title: Jazz, 12e File Name: tan25117_insidecover.indd
a
j z
z
ttaann2255111177__ffmm__ii--xxiiii__000011..iinndddd ii 2277//0011//1122 1111::3344 PPMM
ttaann2255111177__ffmm__ii--xxiiii__000011..iinndddd iiii 2277//0011//1122 1111::3344 PPMM
a
j z
Twelfth
z
Edition
Paul O. W. Tanner
University of California
Los Angeles
David W. Megill
MiraCosta College
ttaann2255111177__ffmm__ii--xxiiii__000011..iinndddd iiiiii 2277//0011//1122 1111::3344 PPMM
JAZZ, TWELFTH EDITION
Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the
Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights
reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Previous editions © 2009, 2005, and 2001. No part of
this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or
retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not
limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning.
Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers
outside the United States.
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 DOW/DOW 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
ISBN: 978-0-07-802511-2
MHID: 0-07-802511-7
Vice President & Editor in Chief: Michael Ryan
Vice President of Specialized Publishing: Janice M. Roerig-Blong
Sponsoring Editor: Jessica Cannavo
Marketing Coordinator: Angela R. FitzPatrick
Project Manager: Melissa M. Leick
Design Coordinator: Margarite Reynolds
Cover Designer: Mary-Presley Adams
Cover Image: Darren Hopes/Getty Images
Buyer: Sandy Ludovissy
Media Project Manager: Sridevi Palani
Compositor: MPS Limited, a Macmillan Company.
Typeface: 10/12 Meridien LT Std
Printer: R. R. Donnelley
All credits appearing on page or at the end of the book are considered to be an extension of the
copyright page.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Tanner, Paul, 1917-
Jazz / Paul O. W. Tanner, David W. Megill, Maurice Gerow. — Twelfth ed.
p. cm.
ISBN 978-0-07-802511-2 (alk. paper)
1. Jazz—History and criticism. I. Megill, David W. II. Gerow, Maurice. III. Title.
ML3506.T36 2012
781.6509--dc23
2011047648
www.mhhe.com
ttaann2255111177__ffmm__ii--xxiiii__000011..iinndddd iivv 2277//0011//1122 1111::3344 PPMM
preface
We designed this new edition of J azz to offer stu- Online Learning Center, including the
dents a listening-based approach to the evolution- following:
ary development of America’s unique art form. ● Interactive Guides illustrating jazz
We have increased the number of musical selec- styles
tions to offer a more comprehensive overview of ● Matching quizzes
important musical performances that anchor our
historical overview. This edition is also meant to
support instructors in their individual approaches
SPECIAL FEATURES
to the jazz experience. Comprehensive citations
to additional listening are given throughout the
text. An Online Learning Center provides numer- ● Witness to Jazz: A series of essays fea-
ous enrichment activities to accompany the read- turing the images of renowned journalist/
ings in addition to stylistic musical examples. Jazz photographer William Gottlieb conveys
is a history of individuals connected to their cul- personal anecdotes about musicians such
ture through their musical art. Jazz is a wonderful as Dizzy Gillespie, Mary Lou Williams,
refl ector of the cultural crosscurrents at work in and Louis Armstrong.
America. When we study jazz, we also study our ● Profi les in Jazz: Biographical sketches
own cultural development. As we unfold the rich highlight key fi gures from the jazz
history of jazz, we hope that we will also connect community.
you to the vitality of the American voice heard so ● Vamping: Interesting asides interspersed
clearly in the performances presented here. throughout the text add color to the
presentation and enhance student under-
standing of the world of jazz.
CHANGES IN THE ● Effective Learning Tools: Summaries,
suggestions for further study/listening/
TWELFTH EDITION reading, and listening guides provide
students with extensive support to
master the material and enhance their
● A new chapter devoted to John Coltrane.
knowledge of jazz.
● The Jazz Heritages chapter (Chapter 2) ● For those students with some musical
has been reorganized to clarify the time- training, we offer o ptional material in
line of early jazz infl uences. the appendices that includes notated
● An expanded recording package fea- musical examples and more advanced
tures new recordings by Miles Davis, Ella theoretical discussions.
Fitzgerald, Glenn Miller, Dizzy Gillespie’s ● The text-specifi c Online Learning
Latin Big Band, Stan Getz and João Center provides a wealth of additional
Gilberto, Poncho Sanchez, Dave Brubeck, resources such as listening software
and Thelonious Monk, as well as extend- for use with the audio CDs, multiple-
ed recordings by Davis, Michael Brecker, choice quizzes, enhanced coverage of
and the Yellowjackets. jazz around the world, and links to
● Features found in previous editions on useful websites.
the CD-ROM can now be found at the
v
ttaann2255111177__ffmm__ii--xxiiii__000011..iinndddd vv 2277//0011//1122 1111::3344 PPMM
vi Preface
We offer additional listening guides in the text and classroom use. These activities i nclude mul-
for selections found on the S mithsonian Collection tiple-choice quizzes, links to useful websites, and
of Classic Jazz. many additional resources. Interactive listening
The primary author of the text, Paul Tanner, software is available from this site that guides lis-
who was the lead trombonist for the Glenn M iller teners through the musical s elections referenced in
band and the fi rst educator to introduce jazz stud- the text and found on the audio CDs. You might
ies in higher education at U.C.L.A., offers some also like to explore the author’s web site at http://
personal insights throughout the volume. You www.miracosta.edu/home/dwmegill/.
may also correspond directly with the a uthor on
the Internet at [email protected].
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
RECORDINGS
This book could not have been written without
the careful manuscript reviews by a number of
Four audio CDs are now available. All of the se- professors. I would like to thank the following:
lections on each audio CD have a companion lis-
Michael Dana, Fresno City College
tening guide in the text.
Robert Grabowski, Florida International
University
SUPPORT FOR
Keith Hall, Western Michigan University
INSTRUCTORS
Maureen Horgan, Georgia College and State
University
For the instructor, we offer an Instructor’s
Greg McLean, Georgia Perimeter College
website that includes the following elements:
Jennifer Shank, University of Southern
● Instructor’s manual
Mississippi
● PowerPoint slides prepared by Richard
Condit
SUPPORT FOR STUDENTS
A text-specifi c Online Learning Center at www
.mhhe.com/jazz12 is available for students, which
offers learning materials to help underpin the read-
ing as well as supplemental activities for p ersonal
ttaann2255111177__ffmm__ii--xxiiii__000011..iinndddd vvii 2277//0011//1122 1111::3344 PPMM
contents
Preface v Additional Reading Resources 57
Interactive Guides to Jazz Styles xi Notes 58
1 LISTENING TO JAZZ 3 4 PIANO STYLES: RAGTIME
An Overview 3 TO BOOGIE-WOOGIE 61
Historical Frame of Reference 4
The Birth of Ragtime 61
Understanding Jazz 4
Ragtime and Dixieland Merge 66
What to Listen for in Jazz 6
Ragtime Lives On 66
Listening Guidelines 12
Boogie-Woogie 68
Listening guide form 13
Stride Piano 73
Summary 15
Summary 76
For Further Study 16
For Further Study 76
Notes 16
Suggested Additional Listening 77
Additional Reading Resources 78
2 JAZZ HERITAGES 19 Notes 78
African and European Infl uences 19
Interpretation and Content 19 5 EARLY NEW ORLEANS
African Infl uences 21
AND CHICAGO STYLE
European Infl uences 23
African Americans In the Early Colonies 23 JAZZ 81
Religious Music 30
Summary 37 Early New Orleans Style 81
For Further Study 38 Louis Armstrong (1901–1971) 92
Additional Reading Resources 38 Chicago Style (the 1920s) 96
Notes 38 Later Developments 104
Summary 106
For Further Study 106
3 THE BLUES 41
Suggested Additional Listening 107
Additional Reading Resources 108
The Origin 41
Notes 108
Blue Notes 42
Field and Prison Hollers 43
Blues Lyrics 44 6 SWING 111
Country and Urban Blues 47
Singing the Blues 50 Beginnings of the Swing Era 111
Contemporary Blues 55 Jazz Arrangements 113
Summary 56 New York 115
For Further Study 56 Kansas City 117
Suggested Additional Listening 57 Southwest Bands—Early Basie 119
vii
ttaann2255111177__ffmm__ii--xxiiii__000011..iinndddd vviiii 2277//0011//1122 1111::3344 PPMM
viii Contents
Swing Becomes Accepted 125 Additional Reading Resources 196
The Swing Bands 127 Notes 197
Big-Band Soloists 129
Swing Singers 139
9 COOL/THIRD
Swing Combos 143
The Demise of Swing 144 STREAM 199
Summary 145
For Further Study 145 The Sounds of Cool 201
Suggested Additional Listening 146 Cool Bands 202
Additional Reading Resources 147 The Performers 205
Notes 147 West Coast Jazz 210
Third Stream 212
1960s, The Brazilian Wave 218
7 DUKE ELLINGTON 151 Summary 221
For Further Study 222
Washington to New York 151 Suggested Additional Listening 223
The Cotton Club 153 Additional Reading Resources 224
Touring 154 Notes 224
The Swing Period 154
Billy Strayhorn 156
New Additions 157 10 MILES DAVIS 227
Johnny Hodges 159
A Period of Transition 163 Bop 227
Late Ellington 163 Cool 230
Individual and Group Expression 164 Small Groups 230
Innovations 166 Modal 233
Repertoire 166 Jazz/Rock Fusion 234
Summary 167 Jazz/Pop 236
For Further Study 168 Legacy 237
Suggested Additional Listening 168 Summary 237
Additional Reading Resources 168 Suggested Additional Listening 238
Notes 169 Additional Reading Resources 238
Notes 239
8 BOP 171
11 HARD BOP, FUNKY,
The Shift to Bop 171 GOSPEL JAZZ 241
The Developing Mainstream and the Jazz
Canon 173 The Music 243
Bop Arranging 174 Gospel Jazz 243
Musical Expansion 175 The Performers 243
The Bop Rhythm Section 176 Art Blakey and the Developing
The Performers 177 Mainstream 247
Bop and Progressive Big Bands 187 Summary 255
Swing to Cubop 191 For Further Study 256
The Mambo and Cubop 192 Suggested Additional Listening 256
Summary 194 Additional Reading Resources 256
For Further Study 195 Notes 257
Suggested Additional Listening 195
ttaann2255111177__ffmm__ii--xxiiii__000011..iinndddd vviiiiii 2277//0011//1122 1111::3344 PPMM
