Introduction to Sectional Anatomy (Point (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins))

657 Pages·2007·27.31 MB·English

by  Michael E. Madden

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Introduction to
Sectional Anatomy
Second Edition
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Introduction to
Sectional Anatomy
Second Edition
Michael E. Madden, Ph D, RT(R) (CT)(MR)
Director
Medical Diagnostic Imaging Programs
Fort Hays State University
Hays, Kansas
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Acquisitions Editor:Peter Sabatini
Managing Editor:Andrea M. Klingler
Marketing Manager:Allison M. Noplock
Project Manager:Kevin P. Johnson
Production Services:Aptara, Inc.
Printer:Quebecor-Dubuque
Second Edition
Copyright © 2008, 2001, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business.
351 West Camden Street 530 Walnut Street
Baltimore, MD 21201 Philadelphia, PA 19106
All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in
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at [email protected], or via website at lww.com (products and services).
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Madden, Michael E.
Introduction to sectional anatomy / Michael E. Madden.—2nd ed.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-7817-6342-4
ISBN-10: 0-7817-6342-8
1. Human anatomy. 2. Magnetic resonance imaging. 3. Tomography. I. Title. II. Title: Sectional anatomy.
[DNLM: 1. Anatomy, Cross-Sectional. 2. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. 3. Tomography, X-Ray Computed.
QS 4 M179i 2008]
QM23.2.M325 2008
611—dc22
2007007777
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To Theresa, for providing more love and support than I deserve,
and to Levi and Luke, who are my constant source of inspiration.
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Preface
Even though everyone has more or less the same anatomy, region of the body and begins with an anatomical overview
they are arranged and shaped slightly different in each to give the reader a clear understanding of each region
individual. For example, every person has a mouth, nose, essential to understanding the anatomy shown later in sec-
and two eyes arranged together to make their face, but very tional images. To demonstrate the clinical application of
few people look the same because of variations in shape this anatomy, the overview is followed by a series of patient
and arrangement. Similar to the outside, every person has CT and MR images shown in sequence through multiple
the same parts on the inside and very few people will look planes. After the patient images, clinical cases of selected
alike in sectional images. By using Introduction to CT, MR, ultrasound, and PET/CT (including 3D) images
Sectional Anatomy, the reader will be able to view images have been greatly expanded to motivate students by giving
from several patients in each region of the body covered samples of how their knowledge of sectional anatomy can
allowing them to compare the anatomical appearance. be applied to patient exams.
Similarly, the patient images will be shown using a variety To provide the reader with the most widely accepted
of current imaging modalities such as CT, MR, PET/CT, anatomical terminology, the terms used to describe struc-
and ultrasound, including 3D imaging of vascular and bony tures are from the Terminologia Anatomica: International
anatomy. Although the book is considered to be at the Anatomical Terminology, developed by the Federative
introductory level for learning sectional anatomy, students Committee on Anatomical Terminology and adopted by
are expected to have completed one or two semesters of the International Federation on Anatomical Associations
study in anatomy and physiology before attempting to dis- and published in 1998 by Thieme Publishing in Stuttgart,
cern sectional images. Germany. Also, to help the student learn the correct pro-
nunciation of unfamiliar terms, phonetic spelling is found
in parenthesis immediately after the name of the anatom-
ORGANIZATION ical structure. A key for pronunciation is found on page
xiii.
The book begins with a brief and simple introductory chap-
ter to help the student understand the terminology and
plane of sections described in subsequent chapters. To FEATURES AND ITEMS
help the students adjust to the higher level of understand- NEW TO THIS EDITION
ing needed for sectional anatomy, it’s best to start with the
anatomy most familiar to the students. Consequently, the This second edition of Introduction to Sectional Anatomy
chest is covered in the second chapter, since most students has been expanded and updated to include the latest imag-
already have a basic knowledge and this chapter is rela- ing technology, including ultrasound, 3D, and PET/CT
tively simple as compared to later chapters. Similarly, the images. The contemporary layout and added color were
chest is followed by the lower parts of the trunk: the designed to facilitate reading and comprehension.
abdomen and pelvis. Once the students have become Similarly, the patient images have been revised to enable
accustomed to learning sectional anatomy in the trunk, the the reader to more quickly compare images between sev-
more difficult regions of the body—head, neck, spine, and eral patients.
joints—are covered in the second half of the text. To provide a highly regimented learning tool, all of the
Before the student will be ready to study the sectional chapters begin with a series of Chapter Objectives and
images, they must have a clear understanding of the conclude with a brief series of Clinical Application ques-
anatomy within the region with a strong emphasis on the tions intended to evaluate the reader’s understanding of
relationship with adjacent structures (e.g., the esophagus the chapter’s material. After the Clinical Application ques-
lies posterior to the trachea). Each chapter is focused on a tions are Clinical Cases. Most images include directional
vii
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viii Preface
rosettes in the bottom right corner. These are included to the workbook images includes three versions of the
help readers orient themselves to the view seen on each images: one as seen in the workbook, one with only leader
cross-section. lines for use in class or in assignments, and a blank version.
A test generator and PowerPoint slides are also included.
Even more Clinical Cases (approximately 20 per chapter)
ANCILLARIES are provided for use as well.
Altogether, these resources provide substantially more
For additional self-examination, an accompanying student patient images as compared to the first edition, and many
workbook is also available and corresponds closely with the of those included have been generated with new technol-
textbook. Using most of the sectional images from the text- ogy like PET/CT and 3D imaging. Likewise, the on-line
book, the workbook asks the reader multiple choice ques- resource centers provide more supplemental materials
tions in the format used on CT and MR registry examina- designed to help students learn sectional anatomy.
tions. Each image is numbered in the workbook to
correspond with the appropriate image in the textbook. The art of medical diagnostic imaging requires a strong
The workbook also includes more Clinical Application foundation in anatomy and a dedication to ongoing educa-
review questions and Clinical Cases for further review. tion and change. Medical diagnostic imaging continues to
Further student materials are available on the Student be in a state of flux because of rapid advances in computer
Resource Center at http://thepoint.lww.com/madden2e, imaging technology. To best prepare students for their
and include two more Clinical Cases per chapter and clinical practice, dedicated teachers experiment with cur-
Resources for further reference. ricula and course evaluation, always striving to correct
To help faculty develop their own teaching materials, deficiencies, to define, to update, and to narrow the gap
the Instructors’ Resource CD-ROM and Faculty Resource between what is taught and what is current knowledge.
Center at http://thepoint.lww.com/madden2e have been Despite the rapid and ongoing changes, a thorough
designed to provide supplemental teaching materials, knowledge of human anatomy is the keystone to the foun-
including an image bank of the textbook images, as well as dation for developing the art and science of medical diag-
an image bank of the workbook images. The image bank of nostic imaging.
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Acknowledgments
This book would not have been possible without the con- The staff and hospitals that provided the images used
tributions of many individuals and I would like to express throughout the text, including the Central Kansas Medical
my sincere gratitude to the following: Center (Great Bend, Kansas); Hays Medical Center (Hays,
Kansas); Olathe Medical Center (Olathe, Kansas);
All the staff at Lipincott Williams & Wilkins, especially
Southwest Medical Center (Liberal, Kansas); Sterling
Peter Sabatini, Andrea Klingler, Jennifer Clements, Mary
Regional Medical Center (Sterling, Colorado); St.
Martin, and John Goucher, for their expertise and consid-
Catherine Hospital (Garden City, Kansas); St. Francis
erable efforts in developing this project for publication.
Medical Center (Grand Island, Nebraska); University of
Janie Meder and Shelly Flax who spent countless hours Kansas Hospital (Kansas City, Kansas); University of
developing the sectional anatomy drawings. Nebraska Medical Center (Omaha, Nebraska); and
Western Plains Regional Hospital (Dodge City, Kansas).
Jennifer Smith, the illustrator of the anatomy drawings, for
contributing her talent.
This project was partially supported by the NIH Grant
All the students that critically reviewed the manuscript and Number P20 RR016475 from the INBRE Program of the
gave me their ideas for improvement. National Center for Research Resources.
ix