Inorganic Syntheses, Volume 35

217 Pages·2.984 MB·English

INORGANIC SYNTHESES
Volume 35
.......
BoardofDirectors
THOMASB.RAUCHFUSS,president UniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-Champaign
DIMITRICOUCOUVANIS UniversityofMichigan
MARCETTAY.DARENSBOURG TexasA&MUniversity
JOHNR.SHAPLEY UniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-Champaign
SecretarytotheCorporation
STANTONCHING ConnecticutCollege
FutureVolumes
36 GREGORYS.GIROLAMIandALFREDP.SATTELBERGER UniversityofIllinois
atUrbana-ChampaignandArgonneNationalLaboratory
37 PHILIPP.POWER UniversityofCaliforniaatDavis
InternationalAssociates
MARTINA.BENNETT AustralianNationalUniversity
FAUSTOCALDERAZZO UniversityofPisa
M.L.H.GREEN OxfordUniversity
JACKLEWIS CambridgeUniversity
RENEPOILBLANC UniversityofToulouse
HERBERTW.ROESKY UniversityofGo¨ttingen
WARRENR.ROPER UniversityofAuckland
F.G.A.STONE BaylorUniversity
JANREEDIJK LeidenUniversity
H.VAHRENKAMP UniversityofFreiburg
AKIOYAMAMOTO TokyoInstituteofTechnology
Editor-in-Chief
THOMAS B. RAUCHFUSS
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
.................................................................
INORGANIC
SYNTHESES
Volume 35
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CONTENTS
Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Contributors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Dedication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xv
Notice to Contributors and Checkers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxi
Toxic Substances and Laboratory Hazards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxiii
Chapter One COMPLEXES OF BULKY
b-DIKETIMINATE LIGANDS 1
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2. b-Diketiminate Precursors HLMe,Me3 and
TlLMe,Me3 (LMe,Me3 ¼2,4-Bis-(Mesitylimido)Pentyl) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
A. 2,4-Bis-(Mesitylimido)Pentane (HLMe,Me3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
B. Thallium 2,4-Bis-(Mesitylimido)Pentyl (TlLMe,Me3). . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3. b-Diketiminate Precursors LMe,iPr2H, [LMe,iPr2Li]x,
and [LtBu,iPr2K]x (LMe,iPr2¼2,4-Bis-(2,6-
Diisopropylphenylimido)Pentyl; LtBu,iPr2¼2,2,6,6-
Tetramethyl-3,5-Bis-(2,6-Diisopropylphenylimido)Heptyl) . . . . . . . . . 8
A. 2,4-Bis-(2,6-Diisopropylphenylimido)Pentane
(LMe,iPr2H). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
B. Lithium 2,4-Bis-(2,6-Diisopropylphenylimido)Pentyl
([LMe,iPr2Li]x). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
C. Potassium 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-3,5-Bis-(2,6-
Diisopropylphenylimido)Heptyl ([LtBu,iPr2K]x). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4. b-Diketiminate Precursors LtBu,iPr2H and
LtBu,iPr2Li(THF) (LtBu,iPr2¼2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-3,5-
Bis-(2,6-Diisopropylphenylimido)Heptyl). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
A. N-Pivaloyl-2,6-Diisopropylanilide (DIPPNHC(O)tBu) . . . . . . . . . 14
B. DIPPN¼C(Cl)tBu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
C. DIPPN¼C(Me)tBu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
D. 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-3,5-Bis-(2,6-Diisopropylphenylimido)
Heptane ([DIPPN¼C(tBu)] CH , LtBu,iPrH). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2 2
xxv
xxvi Contents
E. Lithium 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-3,5-Bis-
(2,6-Diisopropylphenylimido)Heptyl
(LtBu,iPr2Li, THFAdduct) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5. Scandium Trichloride Tris(Tetrahydrofuran) and
b-Diketiminate-Supported Scandium Chloride Complexes. . . . . . . . . 20
A. Scandium Trichloride Tris(Tetrahydrofuran), ScCl (THF) . . . . . . 20
3 3
B. Scandium 2,4-Bis-(2,6-Diisopropylphenylimido)Pentyl
Dichloride Tetrahydrofuran, (LMe,iPr2)ScCl (THF). . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2
C. Scandium 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-3,5-Bis-(2,6-
Diisopropylphenylimido)Heptyl Dichloride,
(LtBu,iPr2)ScCl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2
6. b-Diketiminate-Supported Titanium and Vanadium
Dichloride Complexes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
A. Synthesis of (LMe,iPr2)TiCl (THF). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
2
B. Synthesis of (LtBu,iPr2)TiCl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2
C. Synthesis of (LMe,iPr2)VCl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2
7. b-Diketiminate-Supported Vanadium and
Chromium Chloride Complexes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
A. Synthesis of LMe,Me2VCl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2
B. Synthesis of LMe,Me2CrCl (THF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2 2
8. b-Diketiminate-Supported Manganese and Zinc Complexes. . . . . . . . 34
A. LMe,iPr2MnI(THF). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
B. The THF-Free Dimer (LMe,iPr2MnI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2
C. LMe,iPr2ZnCl Li(OEt ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2 2 2
9. Iron 2,4-Bis-(2,6-Diisopropylphenylimido)Pentyl
Chloride (LMe,iPr2FeCl) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
10. Iron 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-3,5-Bis-(2,6-
Diisopropylphenylimido)Heptyl Chloride
(LtBu,iPr2FeCl). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
11. Cobalt 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-3,5-Bis-(2,6-Diisopropylphenylimido)
Heptyl Chloride (LtBu,iPr2CoCl) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
12. b-Diketiminate-Supported Nickel(II) and Nickel(I)
Complexes of LMe,Me3 (LMe,Me3¼2,4-Bis-(Mesitylimido)Pentyl) . . . . 45
A. LMe,Me3NiI(2,4-Lutidine) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
B. LMe,Me3Ni(2,4-Lutidine). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Contents xxvii
13. Nickel 2,4-Bis-(2,6-Diisopropylphenylimido)Pentyl
Chloride Dimer, [LMe,iPr2Ni(m-Cl)] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
2
14. Bis[Copper 2,4-Bis-(2,4,6-Trimethylphenylimido)Pentyl]
Toluene, (LMe,Me3Cu) (m-h2:h2-C H ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
2 7 8
A. Copper tert-Butoxide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
B. Bis[Copper 2,4-Bis-(2,4,6-
Trimethylphenylimido)pentyl] Toluene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
15. Copper 2,4-Bis-(2,6-Diisopropylphenylimido)Pentyl
Chloride (LMe,iPr2CuCl). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
ChapterTwo BORONCLUSTER COMPOUNDS 56
16. Salts of Dodecamethylcarba-closo-Dodecaborate((cid:2))
Anion, CB Me , and the Radical Dodecamethylcarba-
11 12(cid:2)
closo-Dodecaboranyl, CB Me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
11 12
A. Cesium 1-Methylcarba-closo-Dodecaborate((cid:2)),
Cs[1-Me-CB H ]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
11 11
B. Cesium, Tetramethylammonium, and Lithium
Dodecamethylcarba-closo-Dodecaborates((cid:2)),
Cs[CB Me ], [NMe ][CB Me ], and Li[CB Me ] . . . . . . . . 58
11 12 4 11 12 11 12
C. Dodecamethylcarba-closo-Dodecaboranyl Radical,
CB Me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
11 12
17. Cesium Dodecahydroxy-closo-Dodecaborate,
Cs [B (OH) ]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
2 12 12
ChapterThree COORDINATION COMPOUNDS 67
18. Pentaaquanitrosylchromium Sulfate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
A. Pentaaquanitrosylchromium Sulfate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
19. The Tetradentate Bispidine Ligand Dimethyl-(3,7-Dimethyl-
9-oxo-2,4-bis(2-pyridyl)-3,7-Diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane)-1,
5-dicarboxylate and Its Copper(ll) Complex. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
A. Piperidone (pI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
B. Bispidone 3,7-dimethyl-9-oxo-2,4-bis(2-pyridyl-3,7-
diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-1,5-dicarboxylate
dimethylester (L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
C. Copper(II) Bispidone Chloride (CuLCl) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
xxviii Contents
20. Tris(2-Picolinyl)Methane and Its Copper(I) Complex . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
A. Bis(2-Picolinyl)Methane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
B. Tris(2-Picolinyl)Methane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
C. Copper(I) (Tris(2-Picolinyl)Methane)Acetonitrile
Hexafluorophosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Chapter Four CARBENE LIGANDSANDCOMPLEXES 78
21. 1,3-Dialkyl-Imidazole-2-Ylidenes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
A. 1,3-DI-n-Propyl-Imidazolium Chloride (nPr ImHCl)
2
and 1,3-Diisopropyl-Imidazolium Chloride (iPr ImHCl) . . . . . . . 79
2
B. 1,3-Dimethyl-Imidazolium Iodide (Me ImHI)
2
and 1-Methyl-3-Isopropyl-Imidazolium Iodide
i
(MePrImHI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
C. 1,3-DI-n-Propyl-Imidazol-2-Ylidene (nPr Im)
2
and 1,3-Diisopropyl-Imidazol-2-Ylidene (iPr Im) . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
2
D. 1,3-Dimethyl-Imidazol-2-Ylidene (Me Im) and
2
i
1-Methyl-3-Isopropyl-Imidazol-2-Ylidene (MePrIm). . . . . . . . . . 82
22. AChelating Rhodium N-Heterocyclic Carbene
Complex by Transmetallation from a Silver–NHC
Intermediate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
A. Methylenebis(N-(t-Butyl)Imidazolium) Bromide. . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
B. {Methylenebis(N-(t-Butyl)Imidazol-2-Ylidene)}
(1,5-Cyclooctadiene)Rhodium(I)
Hexafluorophosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
23. Rhodium and Iridium N-Heterocyclic Carbene
Complexes from Imidazolium Carboxylates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
A. N,N0-Dimethylimidazolium-2-Carboxylate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
B. Chloro(1,5-Cyclooctadiene)(1,3-Dimethylimidazolium-
2-Ylidene) Rhodium(I). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
C. (h4-1,5-Cyclooctadiene)(Bis-1,3-Dimethylimidazole-
2-Ylidene)Iridium(I) Hexafluorophosphate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Chapter Five FUNCTIONALLIGANDS AND COMPLEXES 92
24. N-tert-Butyl ortho-Aminophenol, ortho-Iminoquinone, and
a Zirconium(IV) bis(Aminophenolate) Complex. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
A.2,4-Di-tert-Butyl-6-(tert-Butylamino)Phenol . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . .93
B. 2,4-Di-tert-Butyl-6-(tert-Butylimino)Quinone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
C. ZrIV(ap) (THF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
2 2
Contents xxix
25. Synthesis of the Water-Soluble Bidentate (P, N) Ligand
PTN(Me) (PTN(Me) ¼7-Phospha-3-methyl-1,3,5-
triazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
A. Dehydration of Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium
Chloride, THPC, [P(CH OH) ]Cl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
2 4
B. Tris(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphine, P(CH OH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
2 3
C. Tris(Hydroxymethyl)Methyl Phosphonium Iodide,
[PCH (CH OH) ]I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
3 2 3
D. 7-Methyl-1,3,5-Triaza-7-Phosphoniaadamantane Iodide. . . . . . . 100
E. 7-Phospha-3-Methyl-1,3,5-Triazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane,
PTN(Me) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
26. Synthesis of Metal-Organic Frameworks: MOF-5
and MOF-177 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
A. MOF-5: Zn O(Terephthalate) (Solvothermal) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
4 3
B. MOF-5: Zn O(Terephthalate) (Room Temperature). . . . . . . . . . 105
4 3
C. MOF-177: Zn O(1,3,5-Benzenetribenzoate)
4 2
(Room Temperature) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
ChapterSix ORGANOMETALLIC REAGENTS 109
27. Tricarbonyl1,3,5-Trimethyl-1,3,5-Triazacyclohexane
Complexesof Chromium(0), Molybdenum(0), andTungsten(0)
[M(CO) (Me TACH) (M ¼Cr,Mo, W)] . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. 109
3 3
A. Tricarbonyl(1,3,5-Trimethyl-1,3,5-Triazacyclohexane)
Chromium(0), fac-Cr(CO) (Me TACH) . . . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . . 111
3 3
B. Tricarbonyl(1,3,5-Trimethyl-1,3,5-Triazacyclohexane)
Molybdenum(0), fac-Mo(CO) (Me TACH) . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . . 112
3 3
C. Tricarbonyl(1,3,5-Trimethyl-1,3,5-Triazacyclohexane)
Tungsten(0),fac-W(CO) (Me TACH) . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . . 113
3 3
28. Manganese Tricarbonyl Transfer (MTT) Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
A. Acenaphthene(Tricarbonyl)Manganese(I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
B. Naphthalene(Tricarbonyl)Manganese(I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
C. Synthesis of h6-N,N-Dimethylaniline(Tricarbonyl)-
Manganese(I) Tetrafluoroborate, [Mn(h6-C H NMe )
6 5 2
(CO) ]BF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
3 4
29. Bis(1,5-Cyclooctadiene)Nickel(0) . . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. 120
A. Hexakis(Acetylacetonato)Trinickel(II). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
B. Di(n-Butyl)Magnesium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
C. Bis(1,5-Cyclooctadiene)Nickel(0). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
xxx Contents
30. Sodium (h5-Cyclopentadienyl)Tris(Dimethylphosphito-P)
Cobaltate(III), Na[(C H )Co{P(O)(OMe) } ] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
5 5 2 3
A.[Co((C H )Co{P(O)(OMe) } ) ],Co(L ) . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. 126
5 5 2 3 2 OMe 2
B. Na[(C H )Co{P(O)(OMe) } ], NaL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
5 5 2 3 OMe
Chapter Seven BIO-INSPIRED IRON ANDNICKEL
COMPLEXES 129
31. Iron–Cyanocarbonyl Complexes [PPN][Fe(CO) (CN)] and
4
[PPN][FeBr(CO) (CN) ] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
3 2
A. Bis(Triphenylphosphoranylidene)Ammonium
Tetracarbonylcyanoferrate(0), [PPN][Fe(CO) (CN)]. .. . . .. . . .. 130
4
B. Bis(Triphenylphosphoranylidene)Ammonium
Bromotricarbonylcyanoferrate(II), [PPN][FeIIBr(CO) (CN) ]. . . 131
3 2
32. Nickel Complexes of Bis(Diethylphosphinomethyl)
Methylamine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
A. Bis(Diethylphosphinomethyl)Methylamine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
B. Bis(Bis(Diethylphosphinomethyl)Methylamine)
Nickel(0),Ni(PNP) . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. 134
2
C. Hydridobis(PNP)Nickel(II) Hexafluorophosphate. . . . . . . . . . . . 134
D. Bis(PNP)Nickel(II) Tetrafluoroborate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
33. Monomeric Iron(II) Complexes Having Two Sterically
Hindered Arylthiolates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
A. Bis[Bis(Trimethylsilyl)Amido]Iron(II) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
B. 2,6-Di(Mesityl)Benzenethiol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
C. Fe[SC H -2,6-(Mesityl) ] (Mesityl ¼ C H -2,4,6-Me ). . . . . . . 141
6 3 2 2 6 2 3
34 (1,3-Propanedithiolato)-Hexacarbonyldiiron
and Cyanide Derivatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
A. (1,3-Propanedithiolato)Hexacarbonyldiiron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
B. Tetraethylammonium (1,3-Propanedithiolato)
Tetracarbonyldiiron Dicyanide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
C. Tetraethylammonium (1,3-Propanedithiolato)
Pentacarbonyldiiron Cyanide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Chapter Eight RUTHENIUMCOMPLEXES 148
35. Ruthenium(II)-Chlorido Complexes of Dimethylsulfoxide. . . . . . . . 148
A. cis-Dichloridotetrakis(dimethylsulfoxide)ruthenium(II) . . . . . . . 150
B. trans-Dichloridotetrakis(dimethylsulfoxide)ruthenium(II) . . . . . 151