Harry F. Allen Collection of Black Jacks, Harry F. Allen

159 Pages·2014·51.64 MB·English

TheH arrFy Allen
�
CollecotfiB olna cJka cks
A Studoyft hSet amapn dI tUss e
(Msr.A rtuhrC .)
EllioHP err:ot·C·o n�uhant
Publishbeyd T heA mericaPnh ilatSeolciice ty
A.P.SH.A NDBOOK SERIES
THEH ARRY ALFL.E CNO LLECTOIFBO LNA CJKA CKAS :S TUDOYF T HES TAMAPN I>
ITUss Ei sa notvhoelru imnet hceo ntinsueirniogef As . P.PSh.i laHtaenldibco oks.
*
Publishbeyd T heA mericaPnh ilateSloicci eItnyc .P,. 0 .B ox 80S0t,a tCeo llegPee,n nsylvania,
underth ea uspicoefst heS ociety's LiatnedrR aetsueraer Ccohm mittee.
*
FirEsdti tion
Copyrig©ht 1 969
by
TheA mericaPnh ilateSloicci etIyn c.
(Allr ightrse servedN.o parto f thisb ooki n excesosf .;oo wordsm ay be reproducienda nyf orm
withoupte rmissiionn w,r itinfgr,o mt hep ublisher.)
Printiendt heU .S.Ab.y
THE J.W . STOWELL PRINTINGC OMPANY
FederalsbMuarrg:y,l and
Tableo f Contents
PREFACE
v
ABOUTT HEA UTHOR
VI
lNTRODUCTIOK
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------· Vil
PART l:T HE BLACK] ACK IN THE CIVILW AR ------------------------
PARTI I:T HE BLACK] ACK IN Do:-.1ESTCIOCM MERCEO F lTsD AY•----------_-_ --1-5- ---------
PART IllT:H E BLACK] ACK USEDO NC OVERTSO F OREIGCNO UNTRIE--S-------------------35
PARTI V:B LACK] A CK Cou.ATERMAALT ERIAL 71
PARTv : FANCY CAXCELLATIOANNSD OTHERP OSTAMLA RKINGOSN THE BLACK
JACK ------------------------------------------- ---------------__ 8I
PARTV lT:E CH:-;I CALITIOEFS B LACKj A CK PRODUCTIO--N--- ------------------------------------ I I I
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 145
BIBLIOGRAPHY 147
lll
HarryF rederick(1 8A7l8l-e1n9 65)
iv
PREFACE
HARRYF REDERIACLKL ENw asbr oni nL yn,nM assA.p,r 8i,l1 7 88.T herwee rneo
fundsc ofnotirin hngiu esd uicoawnth ehne g radautefdr ohmgi hs ch,os ooll ihkieos l der
brtoheFrR,AN KG .A LLENG, overnoofMr a sscahus(e1 t29t93s-1) ,he w entt o rwkio n
hifsa thtenarn'esr Lya.et rh ee ntetrehee dm ploofWy i nslBorwoe trh&s Smhi Cto­m
panoyl,d sehsete np msankuifactiuntr heUern sei dtS attewshe,r hee b ecea kmnowans
"thbeo my anag"e orft hre NiowroodM,as scahusfeatcrtty.so Thep orceisnosgf h dies
antdh mea nfuaceto uflr aetrhg eoowdassh ilsfi ew orkI.n1 096h,e m arireMdis sL ois
MITCHELSLH ATTUCoK f� owroodT.h erye siidnNe odrw oodu nttihlem yo vetdoS t.
PeterusrbgF,l ai.n1, 49 0.M r.A llen'ss mriaelnaehd di ygs e ntalnegd eanlip ernsaoyl it
werqeu alwihtiiccehhas r arcitzeheides n tlifir.ee H ew asaM asoann adS hnreir.
Heb eng caollescttaimanpsgas s mablolay n d nwearvsf e aarw afyrm o it, hebu t
fuontdi mfeos re veorteahrhl o bbaiswe esl Ilwt.a s dheilsit goth rta tvheNele wE ngalnd
cournsytidaen dt oa ttencdo turnayu cntsii nos aercohf e ralAym reinc faunrituarned
Amerainp cewrt.eO no ccasihoeb no ugshutcu hn usiutaelam sas y okoefo xeann da n
hitsoroilcsd tg aecotaocd he corhaiNtsee w H ampsihrfea rmI.tw asa tt hfirasm t hat
her aisSewdi Msosn dainaen dS ivelrK nigp ignesfo owrh ichhe r eceiav Meads ter
BreresdC eeritficfaoterei hgtc nosecuyteriasvf er otmeh NatioPngaielo Ans soicnoi.a t
By1 392h,e dhd aeveltohpCeeha dm piborindi ne cahb ered.
Issueosft hBer ihtC iosloniehsis spw eecriea li ntssettfra oemmrpa n yy erasb,u hte
soltdhc eo llewchtnei hoemn o vetdoF loar ainddt herne buepngo bauinlgad ciollection
of1 t9hc enrtyUu nietdS ttaesst ampAsta. n e xhiitbiion1n 59 2h,e sa wa spezceida li
cocltlieoofBn lcakJ cakasn tdeh eraftceorl lencoot htered s tamp. uHneta elwraasb ly
oppotsobe udy iinncgttc a ocltlieaonnidssn isotnbe ud inlghd iiBsl cakJ cakc ollescttaimopn
bys taamnpd cboyvc eorve Hre. waa mse mboefrT heA merni PchaaitleSloiccyi ,e t
Sociye otfP haitleAlmiecr nisca anCdo lclteoCrlsu Nbe,w Y or.k
Int hSep rionf1g 59 3h,e a sktehdae u htotro m ounhtiB sal cJkca kisn a manner
;;uibltfeao erx ihbitainofdnr o,tm h atti moens ,h seev reads c utroaorf t ehc oltlieocInn.
compettihtceio oclntln,ie r oceeivtehGder anAdwa rad tF LOREXi n1 593a,n da Gold
Awaradn tdh SeT EPHGE.NR I CH TROPHYf o"rB eisnUt . "Sa .tC HISPA in1 59·4 In
1596i,t saw waraedda B ronMzeed aaltF IPEXi;n19 5,8a GolAdw aradn tdh Ae. P.S.
Trpohayt S OJEXI.n 1 693b,y s pecivinaiilto anit,t wexaihsb iatgenad ai tF LOREX
anadg na iitt ootkhG er anAdw aradn td hSe. AP.R. easrecMhe dla.T hec ollewcatsi on
showfnot rh lea tsitm aetN APEX,i n1 694w,h erietr ce eivae Gdo lAdw rada ntdeh
S.AP..P residTernotp'hsy .
It waatNs A PXE inW asihngttohnat thE ed oirto fT heA merciaPnh liaittses lwa
tehc oelclnt ainoidn vittheaedu h tro tpor aerpae s eroifea sri tcloenis .t Shaecc epted
suebcjtto M r.A lnl'easp rpoavla npdr iodvitnhgaE LtL IOTPTE RRYw oulsde ravsec o n­
sunlttfa otrh see ersiM.r .A lnl weasg raetlpyls eeaadt t hievn iitoantH.i wsi ilnnlgess
sahrhei sst amwpitsho htrec loclteotrhsr oeuxghhti inb oaind througbhyt hlee ctures
to
autrht oos tacmlpu ibnFs l rodiah da alawybse ne notaabnltdeh ,oi psrp tountioet txye nd
thceol cletitooan w irda eudnicweea sc oinsstweinhth ti pshi loopshyP.re praatn oifot he
seershi,o wer.vw eadse yle,afid rsbtyt hiejn uerssi usitnaebdyM r.P erriyn a na utomobile
accindtei nt hFea lolf1 694a,n dt hebnyM r.A llesnre'isoi ulsl nients hsSe rp inogf
196a5n,hd i dse aitnJh nu eo ft hayter a.
Tragesdrtyu cakg aoinnt eh evneinogfM arch2 61,6 96w,h ennea rltyh een tire
rnlclteiwoanss toflreontm h aeu hotr'hso mwehe rietw a sw aintgfi ofirn aplh oogtraphy
tehn exmto rniFnogr.t unsaotmeyelae yr,bsf e orieth adb eecno mplpehtooergltayp hed
onm cirfiolfmo sre ctuypr ruipsoeasn.ld a etro,nc olsolrsi f doelre ctpuuroresp eFsr.o m
thetsweos oruecsi.tw asp osstiocb olmep ltehtieel lruasttinoenesdf eodpr u bclaitioof n
thsee iresA.so ft hwirsti in(gMa y1 698)t.ehc oelclthiaonsno btee nr ecoevde.r
v
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Thea uhtorM,AR YTETE BROWNL ANE,w idoowfA RTHURG .L ANE,M .D.h, oltdhse
degroefMe a stre ofS ocSicaile fnrcoeSm m hi CtollSecgoheo flo Sro cWioarlk S.h e
hacso lleUcnitteeSdadt t esst amspiesn h ceurn dgerraadtudeya sa tM iamiU nviresyi,t
OxfoOrhdi,fo r,o wmh ersehr ee cehievBreA. d. d egrien1e 39 2.S hhesa l ivienSd t .
Pertserbgus in1c49e0a ,n fdo trh pea s2t0y eahrasbs e eanc tiinvF el orpihdaiatle lSyh.e
hsab eetne tni mPeress idoeftn htSe t P.e tersSbtmuaprC gl uwba,sa memboefrt he
ogranizcaotmimtoienote f t hFel orFieddae raotfSi atomnpC lubasn,dh ahse ledv ye r
elteicovffiec aen ndu mreoucso mmtieatep piontmiennt tahsto granaitzioSneh.i sam e­m
beorf T heA mecrain aPtheiSllcoiicye ,St ocioefPt hyai tleAlmiecr icCaonlslr,esC c lutbo,
NewY or;kU . PSh.ai tleClliaccs sSs oicyi,We rtitUenrisot fA .P .S .a,n Rdo yPalhi l­a
telSiocc iLeotnyd,oC nur.re tnlsyh,ei sc ahirnm atofhA e.P .S .S taTmhpe Cfotm mtti.e e
Shwea sed iotfoT rh eF lroidPah iliastfteo flro uyre aarnswd,a sa na ssoceiidattore
ofW eeklPyh liaetliGcos ispf osre rvaeyle arHse.rr escehaa trricelnet i"tFlleodsr, i da'
Hellfiraedn BrimstMoaniel t"h,se t yo roffu migaotfm iaoiinln F lordiurdian tgh e
yewl lfoeveeprei mdiocf1 88o8rg,ii anlpluy b�ehldii nG ossiipsa,p arotft he "A"m ericas
cahptoef"r D iseictnMefadi lb"yK .F .M eyerM,.D .(,G ossPirnpit erHyo,ol ntK,a n.,
1926).Sh ree cetihvAeeN dN AM ARICEH EMAlW ARfDo trh bee sste roifea stri cilne s
TheA meriPchalina ittse( l91656-)6a,n tdeh EPRRCYu r( 9168),per senbtyte hdUe . S .
PhaitleCllisacis Scosc yi.e t
vi
INTRODUCTION
'f HEN AM E,B laclka ckw,a sg ivteotn h Uen itSettdae 2sc- enstt aomfp1 683b yi ts
firsste risotduuenst t,h afitn ege tnlemaannda stuotbes erHv.eP .rA ,th reotn of
HoloykeM,as s.It w ash,es adi,a c oniveenwnaty t od istinthgbeul iasschatk m pf rom
it"sc orlecodo ussi"tn,eh 2 c-enbtor wn2,- cveentrl miio4nc-,e ngtr eaenn4d - cecnatr mine
Jackssotna mopfts h lea tBearn Nko tpee riMord..A tehrtmoand aen e xtensive study
-0ft hBeal cJkac ke,x aimnimnorge t haInOo ,ocooo piae fse,aw thi cwhou lbde v irtually
impostsdoiabylO.ev efirv teh oaunsdc opwieersie n h iosw nc ollecOtriigoailnnl.iy t
was phliatsno r ecohriodsb e sravtiboyn,,v sri tian bgo ooknh sif vaorsiattmep b,u th e
wasd isdseudfao rmd oisnogb yt he amouonfwt orikn lvevoda ndte h opinoifho ins
frietnahdtis tw oulbdea finanlclliyoa spiornpgo siCtoinosqneue.nl t,yt hoen lrye cdo r
-0ft hviass stt uadpyp eianar b sr iaetrfi cwlrteit ebnyM r.A thretofonrm m emroyy ears
lataenrdp ubliisnth heJeda nruy1a ,51 39+i ssoufMe e kee'l Wse eyk Sltmap News.
Desptihtleeo sosfh ifisn idngtsot howsheoh avceo maef theirm t,h e nwahimcehh e
-gaev tot hipso pru sltapa wmillvlie a sl onagst ehraer tsa tmpasn sdt amcpo lolrse.c t
Witthh pea ssign ofy eaRrlsa,Jc cakk h acse asteobd ea n ame sdoselcierpltyii ncv oen ­
notatibouintnt ,se ahdsab ecoamt ei tolfde i stinrcetsipaoenncda,t ff ectfoiroo nnoe f t he
mosbte loovfUe ndei dtS attepso sgtea amspt.s
Porbablnyos tpa imssbuyet dh Uen itSeatdt eosra nyf oreciogurnny ht sam orteo
.offrec oelcltoWrhsa.t ervo en'esp haitlcep lrifeereintc leki,ies lt yh asto merwehi ent he
·syt oofrt hBel aJcak chkew ilfiln ds ometohfis npagel ci inrteesttoh i,mf otrh iissa
stpaw mhiccho mcelso tsore u nntihngega umti nt hfiee lodfp hiellayt.
Int eh pgaewsh icfho llaonwa ,t tempbte m wadietl olt etlhlBe lcakJ acsk troy
primya arsii tli sd meosntarteidn sthi-eoxvu lmec ollefcrotmieobdne w tee1n59 2a nd
1695h yt hleta eH arrFy. A lloefnS tP.e tbeurrgsF,l aB.e sibdeeisan tgir buttoMe r .
Alleint, h iosp ethda tth ewsoer dwsi lplor viidnes aptiiraonndh eltpop r eseanntd
ftuurceo cltloearnssd t udoefntt hsdi lsei tgfhusaltm .p
Phillaitpcehi losroshp ahvseep ecualtal teendga tsth ow hyt hpeo ratirotfA ndrew
Jackosn,a S ohuetnrersh,o uhladvb ee esne leacstt hedede isgfno arp oasgtset atmopb e
issbuyeth de F ederaUln iont hvaeet yr tiem itw ase ngaignea dmre dc onflwiihct tth e
'ConfdeearcyIth sab eesnu ggetsahttie tmda yh avbee ean d ilpomagteisrcte tu woard
.
thSeo hu,to ra na ttetmoup nti ftoetr h seu prptoo ft hUen iothned ivildoeyda ilnti es
Jacnk'shsoo mSet aotfTe e nnessOenet .ho et hhenard i,fp y scoholgailoc vretonweesr e
invoaltva elidlt i, s n oitol glitcoaa ls sutmahett hpeo rratiotfA nrdewJ ackwsoounl d
bel oodk uepont hasesmy b oilce mboidmeto nft hUen icoanu rseenm,iic senotfh ilsba ours
and hiso fqtu otteaods"t O.ru F eedraUln i:oI ntm ustb ep rsereve.d I"nf catt htiaoss t,
alrteetdo a m ordera matfirocm ",O ruF edreaUlni o:nI tm usatn dS HALLB E pr­e
servedh"a,d h eenu sed asa ralgl cyrityhn rohouugtteh Nortshi ntcehe b eginonfi ng
hosittsii.lAe ctaulliytw asf amro raep proptrhiaAatnt der Jeawc kspoonrr'atssi hto uld
appeaorna s taomfpt hUeni ownh,i chheh dal baourseoud n acseilnytg osr tengtahnedn
prserev.te hafnroi tt oh eu seodns tamopfts h Ceo fnerdaecwyh oasiew ma sth dee rsutc­
tioonf t heU nionT.h is\ nitekrn o\\o·fns od ocumneteedv icdete ons uppaonroytf t hese
speuclaiotnsT.h erei sh.c rn·evtehre.f lolm,·ing letterp.u blisd hbeyJ .W aletrS cotti n
theA ug.2 6.1 902i ssuoefT he, Uetropolita11 coPnhcierlnnagit sepleicsittfi,ic oanfso rt he
-ne\s\t-a:m p
PostO fficeD epartment
FinancOffiec e
WashingtAopnr,i 8l, 1 863
�ir:
Under tNbeew PostaLgea w. i'!amopfi'I h ed enominaloifot wno cenls bweir lelq uired
fort hep aymenotf p ostgea onl ocalle tteornai' n da fte1rs tJ ulyn ext.
Ih avet hereftoorr ee quetshtarn tu willa trn ur earliceosntv eniefnucren itshhi osffi ce
witah desigfno rp oas ta,:gtea mopft hadte nominawthiiocnsh.t a msph alble s od ifferent
Vil
Vlll
ina llr especftrso mt hosneo w inu sea,s lo be readidlisyt inguisfhraobmlt eh emw ithout
referentcoce o lor.
I am, respefcutl leyt,c .
A.N .Z EVELY
ThridA ssPt.M. . Genl.
1[J NFORTUNATELYi t noirste rcdoetdow hotmh aeb olveet wtaesar d drebsuste d,
itm ay welhlva eb eetnoJ .M acdonho,ku ngowdne sniegr tohBfeal cJkc aka,n d
Secreotfta hr1\ey a tioBnakan Nlo tCeo mapnoyf N ew Yorwkh,i cfihmr heltdh e con­
trcatf opror ductoifoUn ni tSetda stteasm ipn1s 68 3.I tw ouladp pefarro m the wording
oft hlee tttahettr h dee sigonfti hnnege ws tawmap sd elaetgesdo lteolt yh ree iciepnt
oft hlee twtietrnh,os tirngasta tchoehtde trah nt eh inrsutcttihoainttw ast ob es o
dirffeenitna lrle spectohste rtfshr eonmu saest ob er edaildyii sntghaubilsfoerm t ehm
m
withroeurftee ntcoce o l. or
Stmapsa rdesi tingufoirmse hcaehdo thbeyrt e hidre gsnit,h ierc ol,o orrb yb oht.
Thel etptlenarli syt attahetsc olwoarsn ott ob ea ditsinigsuhfienagt ouftr hee new
2c-enstt amTph.u st,h feu lwleg iht restoendd e gsni.I nt hpea stteh, l iekneosfs
BenajmiFnra nklhidan a ppeaornse idsx tm apso,fG erogWea sihngtoonen l evoefn ,
ThomaJsffe ersoontn w oF.o ra c ompletelayn dddi tisiffnecrdteeinsvtiae gn ne,wf ace
mayh vaeb eeinn daitceWdh.e trhi etw ass oltehlceyh oiocfJe .M acdoung,oh hetd e­
singero,rs omoeht eirn uflenwcheci hc austehdfec a eo fA ndrJecawk stoonb es elected
fotrh 2e- cesntta mwped, o n oktn owW.h atw ed ok noiwst hatthJ eca kshoena wda s
reayda ivlaaibllfoerm s otcikn t hvea uolftt shN ea tioBnanaklN oteC omapny.
In1 681J,so epPh.O udrana, N atioBnanakNl o tee ngrahvdae dro,nt eeh h eda of
AndrJecawk sfoonur s e tohn$e, 1 o obon akn otpeor ducfeodtr eh Cofnedceypr raior
tot eh embragoon t rdaeb etwteheNneo rtahn td hSeo utLhat.e treh samdei heda
heeunsd e onl eaatts\ tVo hOt epri eocfec sur renocnyoe,f w hic,h $a5b annko toeft he
FarmaenrMdse crhanBtansko fC ecCiolu yn,Et lktoni,ss h Mwodni. nF, i ugrIe. L ong
agtoh sei mriyil btaetwteeheJ nca kshoenda ont hebsnaek noatneds BtlchakeJ cakv gi­
nettew asn otbeudi,ttw asn outn t1i59l7t haJtoe sphG. R einpoirvse tdah tt ehya re
indeieedndt ic(Easls.Pa royfo Jourln,aV o.lI 4 ,N o.I ,p .3 2.B)y superiomfp osure
photroagphneigca tMirv.Re esii,sns o hwetdh atth ea cBJklc akv igniesta tcaetl ultyh e
cetnrpaoli rotonf t hsee lmfeds iauesd e perviofuosprlor yd utcioonft ehb nakn oteAs .
parotft eho rigbicankaglr owuanstd r immaweadty o a lltohwne e ecssy laerttering and
fedwe rcaotsicvreot lobl eas d dteodc ompltehstete a dmeps ign.
a
Iti bse ilevteahdtt ehe ngvreahde aidsa ftaem ri nieap tiaunrtoifnJ gca ksoanta, g e
75d,o nbeyJ ohWno odD odg(e10 8718-93)J.ca ksiossn a itdoh vaes afto trh pea inting
in1 482a,tw hicthi mheew asl iviinrn egrt eimeanttt h Hee rtmaighei,s homNeas hn­ear
vilAlcec.od rintgoi nfaotrimoobnt da iinn1 e697f rotmh Tee nneSstsaetLeei abrryt,h e
'
wherbeoauotfst eh D odgmei niaitsuu nrkenowInti. ss aid tthLheaa dti Heesr tmaige
Assiotaciohna s bseeceahnri fnogir t f or yeMar.rR se.i nsitsa tteahdtp orbabltyh e
moriem metdesi oacuerf otrh Jeca ksdoinwe a sa ne nagvrionfgt e hb uspto rtoifto hne
Dodge pboyrM t.r DaIai.nt f orth.
Useo ft ehJ cakshoendaf rotmh Oeu rdadnia el rye asdtoecxkp ltahideni srs opp­or
m
tibotnev\ eetnehs zieo ft ehv ignaenttdteh eo vreallo fts hisezt ea mafp ae,t uornwe h ich
commeinsfte r quleyhn etar"dTh.e s tmapt aht ailhsle adi"th, sab eecna llbeutdtih, s
veyrf eatruerseu ilnats etda wmhpi cmhe wte ltlhs ep ecifiocfAa stsiPto..lVLn G Z.e vely.
Undenro cirnccuecmsos uAtlnadd rJecawk sosnrt'osnf ge ataunrgder se sahto ocfk white
haibrec onfu\·s\ieatdnh oy ht esrt amTph.eB lcakJ cak tirsu al syt asmopdi effrent
as btero e daildyi stianbglfuoerim sa hlolht esrw ithoruetrf eentcoec oloSrp.ke ianogf
Jakcsonh'iasrhi ,s b ioghrearMp,a qruiJsma esr,e rcdotsah tl ocokfs i shh aiwre rseo
mucihnd emand fohlirlseo twiirnfegrm oepmnu tb lleii tfch ahteh ahdi sb abresrva e
altlr iimnsmg.
Needf otrih sfi rs2t- cent ofst teha Umnpei dtS tatweass mnaedcee sbsyta hrey
PostAaclto fM arc3h, 1 683.T hisA cta biosldh tehpeer viorcu-esn cta rrfieeaern d
estaebdtl hipeso hsgtera atfeol ro coardl r olpe ttaettr wso cpeenhrta slo fun coerf, ar c-
ix
1tt1'�}·/ft� /�J
/'/I ;-c/r//111/1/.1 El.:fS.T1JN., ·1
Figur1e
titonh erienocfl,uc doilnlgea cntddie volenir (ynic itwiheersse u cshre viwcaesa vabil)le.a
Itf uhreters btilashtehdret a ef osre coanntddih rcdl amsasia lt2 c enftoser ca h4 ounces,
orf rcatitoehner ofa,nt dh reta ef ocric rurlsau,p t ot rheienn umbeart,2 centTshe.
Actr eiqerudp reypmaenotft ehse rbaypt oesst satgaem apffisx etdot heevn eloopr e
wrpaper.
Iti so bviforuostm h esseeva elrr taetsh atth nee w2 -cesantmtp w as destfionre d
widaen vda erdui seT.he n exsvtee lrc ahapwtielbrlesd evottoae d dse cprtiioofsnu ch
oft heussee sa radese mornasttientd eh A llCeonl lecAttti hosena .m tei maena, t tempt
wiblelm adteop rseent soomfte hthehu imnaignn tearsepsoetcft t ih sf ascisntaat,mi png
levaindgsi cusosfii otdnsu ltleh,cn icsaildu en ttihlfie n aclah ptae rshc,e mdee signed
deliebletyroc a ahtrma ntdh eenn truanspsp uecrteiansdgi e ntr hBel cakJ cakw eb.