Table Of ContentMicro and Nano Technologies
Gold and Silver Nanoparticles
Synthesis and Applications
Edited by
Suban K. Sahoo
Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National
Institute of Technology (SVNIT), India
M. Reza Hormozi-Nezhad
Department of Chemistry, Sharif University
of Technology, Iran
Gold and Silver Nanoparticles
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Contributors
Samira Abbasi-Moayed Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Tripti Ahuja Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi,
India
Nidhi Andhariya Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India
R. Balamurugan Nanomaterials Laboratory, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology,
Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
Geetika Bhardwaj Department of Chemistry, Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab Uni-
versity, Chandigarh, India
A. Chandra Bose Nanomaterials Laboratory, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology,
Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
Cristina Buzea IIPB Medicine Corporation, Owen Sound, ON, Canada
Bhupendra Kumar Chudasama Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab,
India
Daiane Dias Laboratório de Eletroespectro Analítica (LEEA), Escola de Química e Alimentos,
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
Subrata Dutta Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat,
Gujarat, India
Nafiseh Fahimi-Kashani Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
Mahdi Ghamsari Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Forough Ghasemi Department of Nanotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of
Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
Rachna Gupta Department of Biotechnology, Vishwa-Bharati Shantiniketan, Bolpur, West Bengal, India
Shagufta Haque Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology,
Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad,
Uttar Pradesh, India
M.P. Harikrishnan Nanomaterials Laboratory, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology,
Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
xi
Contributors
Mônika Grazielle Heinemann Laboratório de Eletroespectro Analítica (LEEA), Escola de Química e
Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
M. Reza Hormozi-Nezhad Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;
Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Gajendra Kumar Inwati Department of Physics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, ZA,
South Africa
Zahra Jafar-Nezhad Ivrigh Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Ritambhara Jangir Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology,
Surat, Gujarat, India
Raj Kumar Joshi Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology (MNIT),
Jaipur, India
Navneet Kaur Department of Chemistry, Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab Univer-
sity, Chandigarh, India
Swapnali Londhe Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology,
Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad,
Uttar Pradesh, India
Parth Malik School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
Maneet Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur, India
Tapan Kumar Mukherjee Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
Rajanee Nakum Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology,
Surat, Gujarat, India
Afsaneh Orouji Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Ivan Pacheco IIPB Medicine Corporation, Owen Sound, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology, Grey
Bruce Health Services, Owen Sound, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,
Schülich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
Chitta Ranjan Patra Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology,
Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar
Pradesh, India
Jai Prakash Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur, India
Caroline Pires Ruas Laboratório de Eletroespectro Analítica (LEEA), Escola de Química e Alimentos,
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
Suban K. Sahoo Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat,
Gujarat, India
Samriti Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur, India
xii
Contributors
S. Siva Shalini Nanomaterials Laboratory, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology,
Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
Narinder Singh Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar (IIT Ropar), Rup-
nagar, Punjab, India
Anjana K. Vala Department of Life Sciences, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University,
Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
S. Velmathi Organic and Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute
of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
xiii
Contents
Contributors ......................................................................................................xi
Chapter 1: Plasmonic noble metal (Ag and Au) nanoparticles: From basics to
colorimetric sensing applications ............................................................................1
Nafiseh Fahimi-Kashani, Afsaneh Orouji, Mahdi Ghamsari, Suban K. Sahoo,
M. Reza Hormozi-Nezhad
1.1 Plasmonics: A basic background ...........................................................................1
1.1.1 Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) versus localized surface plasmon
resonance (LSPR) ...........................................................................................1
1.1.2 Dielectric functions of metals: Drude model ...................................................3
1.1.3 Extinction and scattering cross-sections of plasmonic NPs .............................4
1.1.4 Experimental factors controlling LSPR ...........................................................7
1.2 Surface functionalization of Au and Ag NPs .......................................................16
1.2.1 Noncovalent interactions ................................................................................17
1.2.2 Covalent interactions ......................................................................................18
1.2.3 Polymer-functionalized nanoparticles ............................................................22
1.2.4 Silica-coated metal nanoparticles ...................................................................25
1.3 Design principles of nanoplasmonic colorimetric assays ....................................29
1.3.1 Interparticle plasmon coupling colorimetric assays .......................................30
1.3.2 Morphology/size-dependent colorimetric assays ...........................................34
1.3.3 Ambient refractive index variations ...............................................................41
1.4 Conclusions .........................................................................................................42
References...................................................................................................................44
Chapter 2: Gold and silver nanoparticles: Properties and toxicity ............................59
Cristina Buzea, Ivan Pacheco
2.1 Gold and silver nanoparticle properties ...............................................................59
2.1.1 Gold and silver nanoparticle size ...................................................................60
2.1.2 Gold and silver nanoparticle classification .....................................................61
2.1.3 Magnetic properties of gold nanoparticles .....................................................62
2.1.4 Optical properties of gold nanoparticles ........................................................64
2.1.5 Melting temperature of gold and silver nanoparticles ....................................66
2.2 Release of silver nanoparticles from consumer products ....................................67
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