Free Comrades: Anarchism and Homosexuality in the United States 1895-1917

247 Pages·2008·12.65 MB·English

by  Terence Kissack

FRECEO MRADES
ANAHRICSAMNH DO MOSEXIUNTA EHUL NIITSTYTE ADT1 E8S9-,51 917

FRECEO MRADES
ANARCAHNIHDSO MM OSEXIUNTA HUlENI ITSTYTE ADT1 E8S9-,51 917
TerencKei ssack
FreCeo mrades:AHaanHrcdoh miossme xiunta hlUein tiytS etda 1t8e9s5,- 1917
© 200T8e renKcies sack
Thiesd iti©o 2n0 08A K Pres(sO aklaEnddi,n burWgehs,Vt i rginia)
ISBN-193781904859116
LibraorfCy o ngreCsosn trNoulm ber2:0 ()693352H
AK Press AK Press
674-2A3 rSdt reet PO Box1 2766
OaklandC,A 94612 EdinburEgHh8 'lYE
USA Scotland
wwwakpress.org www.akuk.com
[email protected] [email protected]
The abovaedd ressweosu lbde d elighttoep dr oviydoeuw itht hel ateAsKt P resdsi stribcuattiaoln og,
whicfhe atutrheess e vetrhaolu sabnodo ksp,a mphleztisn,ea su,d iaon dv idepor oducatnsds, t ylish
apparpeulb lisahnedd/ odri stribbuytA eKd P resAsl.t nearitve,lv yisoiutrw ebs itfeo rt hec omplete
catalloagt,en setw sa.n ds ecuorred ering.
PIi lltienCd a nadoan a citrde er,e cycplaepde wri tuhn ion labor.
Covebry C hriWsr igh(twww .seldomwright.com)
Interdiesoirg ann dl ayobuytZ B
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments
Introduction:
Anarchainsdmt heP oliotfiH cosm osexuality
ChaptOenre :
"ThRei gthotC ompletLei beorftA yc tioAnn"a:r chiSsemx,u ality,
andA mericCaunl ture 13
Chapter Two:
TheW ildOen es: OWsicladaren dA narchSiesxtu Paoll itics 43
ChaptTehrr ee:
FreCeo mradWehsi:t maannd t heS hiftGirnogu nodfts h e
PoliotfiH cosm osexuality 69
ChaptFeoru r:
"LoveD'usn geFolno wePrr"i:s aonndt he
PoliotfiH cosm osexuality 97
ChaptFeirv e:
'''Urnin'gLse,s'b iaanndos t,h'es rt rantgopiec s":
Sexoloagnydt heP oliotfiH cosm osexuality 127
ChaptSeirx :
AnarchSiesxtu Paoll iitnit chse
Post-WWoarrlI dP eriod 153
Conclusion:
AnarchiSstmo,n ewaanldtl h,T er ansformoaft ion
theP oliotfiH cosm osexuality 181
Notes 189
Biblipohgyr a 214
Index 230

ACKNWOLEDGEMNST
Thisb ookb egana sm y dissertiantU inoint eSdt atHeiss tyo wrhicIhc om­
pletaetdt heC itUyn iversoifNt eyw Yorki n2 004T.h ef riensd I maatd e
CUNY-moste speaclilEyr icBaa lDla,v iDd. D oylJer .M,e ganE liaCsi,n dy
LobelK,a thFye eelyM,a rciGaa llKoe,r ri JaDckelsioMane ,l lJiass,o Tnou gaw,
andP etVeerl nl-oweree normoluyhs elpuflt om e andw ereb y farm y best
teachers.
AtC UNY Ih adt hep rviileogfew orkinwgi tMha rtiDnub eramnw,h o
sevreda sc hiaro fmy dissertcaotmmiiotente M.a rtsyk 'nowledogfte h eh istory
ofr adicaalnidss meu xaliitnyt heU niteSdt atperso vetdob ea ni nvaluraeb­le
sourIca em. e qualilnyd ebtteotd h eo themre mberosfm y committeeIs. p ent
someo fmy besdta yass a s tudeinnst e imnarrusn b yD avid NasaTwh oamn­d
asK essnAesrc .o mmittemee mbertsh ey were omfat shteae rrotsf acaidce m
toughl ovTeh.a knful,lD yavida ndT om both haa wviec kesde nsoefh umor;
difficult lesstoanusg whwitet orhuett oom uchb ruisoifnm gy egoB.l anche
WieseCno okw asb oht saa ritaoalrn da na cadiecmi nfelnucien my lief.Iw as
fortunatthea t DLuigsgaa na geredt os ervem yo cno mmitteevee tnh uoghs he
wasn otC UNY facuyl.tI a mg ratuelff orh erc areuf�a ndi nsiughlct omfments
andf orh erq uicwki t.
A numbero ff riensd,c olalgeueasn,dt eachers hotnheidn kaminynd gl itfed
my spir.Si ptesaclit hantkosP auAlv ricCha,r oBle krinT,h eB oysa tB oleri­
um BooksM,a ljoriBer y,eJroye CainP,h illCianpn itsraJraoc,Dki ggiBnest,t y
EinermJaenff,r Eesyc oeffirM,i chaHeellq uisKte,v iJne nkins, HKuebnenrdety ,
BrgiitKteo enigJ,o nK aumfannG,e rarKdo skoviRcehg,i nKau nezlB,a rbara
LoomisM,o llMyc Garyr,M artiMne ekerK,e viMnu rphyJ,a meOss broneD.,
SachsS,u saSnt rykRearn,d olTpruhm bacNha,n cUyn ge,Jr imV anB uskirka,n d
WillWiael kelro.w ea ne normoduesb tto my editZoarc hB luaen dt o Bya rr
Patemawnh,o sdee dicattoit ohnee xploiroanot fa narchhiisstt oarnyd willing­
nestso g ivhei tsi maen di nsigihstt rsu rley markea.b l
A numbero fi nstiiotnuastn do rganizaatsistoiensmdse durimnyg· research.
CUNY'sH istyo DrepartmetnhteC, U NY GraduaCteen t,ea rndt heC oloinal
Dameso fN ewY orka lalw areddm e muchn eedefidn acniaslu ppodrutr imnyg
dayass a studeTnhtea. r chivainsdst tsa afftt he NYeowr kP ublLiicb rr,yat he
TamimeAnrtc hivaetNs e wY orkU nivetr,yst iheH oughtoLni braartHy a rvard
UniverstihteEy, m ma GoldmaPna perPsr joceto fU .C .B ekreelyt, heH atcher
Librr,yaU niversoifMt iyc higAannn,A rborw hichho ustehsJe o �epLha badie
Collectainodtn h,ev o lunteaenrdss t aoffft heG ay,L esbiBains,e xlTu,ra nasgen­
derH istorSiocciayelw t ereall v ergye nerowuistth h etiirm aen da ssiset.a nc
Ia m enomrousltyh ankffourlt hel ovaen ds uppoorftmy parenAtlsf,r ed
KissaacnkdM icheline Mawchcoan reivoew,ra veriendt heiern thusifaosrm
my wor.kS adlmyy, m othepra ssaewda yi nl at2e0 07I.d edictahtiebs o okt o
herM.y brotshe,reAclL,y laen,d B runot;h eriers pecptairvtesn ,Lea rura, Clem­
miea,n dM aureeann;d m y niecaen dn epehwsA,l liMei,t cDhi,e goR,a msey,
andT ysodne sermvye t hanfkospr u ttimneg u pa ndp uttiunpgw itmhe during
reseatrrcihp s.
FinalIw layn,tt o t hanmky partner CMoalrekm aMna.r kw asn oti nm yl ife
whent hibso okw asi ni tisn fanbcuytI,w oulndo th avfien ishietwd i thout his
lovaen ds upport.
INTRODUCTION:
ANARCHIASNMD T HEP OLITOIFCH SO MOSEXUALITY
INT HE LATE-NINETEENTAH ND early-nttwieectehtn uriaecst,i vliisvtisn g
int heu rbainn,d usltW reisatb egant oa rticual paoltiet oicfhs o moesxuatly.i
Thoughv aroiuse ar-lnyineteceenntuthr yp olititchailn kleirksJe,er emyB en-
� tham aCnhda rlFeosu r,it eoruchoendt heq ueisotno fh omoesxualaintdyi ts
.J5
:::; placient hes oaclio rd,es rame-sleoxve enj oyedi ncreaastetdeo nnti int hel ate-
>­
'"
� ninettehea nnde arly-tnwteiectenht urideuset oa q uantiivteaa ntdq ualtiitvae
'".c; shiifnt tpholei tiacnadsl e xucaull tuorfet shW ee st1 T.h idse evlopmeinsbt e st
documentienNd o rtheErunr opees,p elcliGyae rmanya ndE nglanIdn.t hese
countriienstl,ee lctlusaa ndr eformienrcsl udingH eKianrlr iUclrhi csh,E dith
� EllAinsn,a RulEidnwga,r Cda rpeenrtH,e lenSet oc,ka enrdJ ohnAd dintgon
1::
g Symonds publeidsa hndc irculdaetfeedn osfes sa me-sleoxv eI.n1 897,t he
'"
g' Germasnxe ologainsdt sreaxd icMaalg,n uHsi rschffoerldm etdh eS cientific-
E
HumanitaCroimamni tt(eSeH C,) the worhldo'msos efixrursaitlg hotrsg aniza­
tioTnh.e S HC publisheajd o urnsapoln,s eodrl eucrtedsi,do urteacthom edia,
clreg,ya ndo theprr ofieosnlsasa,n dl obbifeodlr e graelf orTmhse.m emberosf
theS HC ando thecron temporaacrtyi vwiesrtresa diicnatlle elctlusp,ar oudcing
newf ormosfk nowledagnedp olitiicdae.lTa hseyc reatneedwu nderstandings
ofh omosexauli,ft oyrgneedw p olitlit cearmasn dg oalas,n d articsuhlaartpe d
;;; critioqfuo epspe rsvseis oicanlo mrsa ndv aleusT.h esaec tivciossnttsr ucnteewd
:>
Uo