Easy Learning Irish Grammar (Collins Easy Learning Irish) (Irish and English Edition)

287 Pages·2011·15.57 MB·English

by  Collins Dictionaries

Collins
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Grammar
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Acknowledgements
We wouldl ikteo t hankt hosaeu thors EDITOR
andp ublishewrhso kindlgya ve TeresAal varez
permissifoonrc opyrigmhatt eritaolb e
usedi nt heC olliWnosr dW eb.W e would CONTRIBUTORS
alsloi kteo t hankT imesN ewspaperLst d DaphneD ay
for providing valuable data. ValMcNulty
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ar etriesvyaslt eomr t ransmittienda ,n y
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mechanical, photocroepcyoirndgi,on rg
otherwiswei,t houtth ep riopre rmission
oft hep ublishTehri.bs o oki ss olsdu bject
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oft radoer o therwisbeel, e ntr,e -sold,
hireodu to ro therwicsier culated
withoutth ep ublisheprr'iso cro nsenitn
anyf ormo fb indinogr c oveort hetrh an
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subsequepnutr chaser.
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hen oto nlye nriched milolfil oinvse s,
buta lsfoou ndeda , ourishpiunbgl ishing
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Collibnoso kasr ep ackewdi th
inspiratiinonno,v atiaonnd,p ractical
expertiTshee.yp lacyeo ua tt hec entroef
a worldo fp ossibilaintdgy i vyeo ue xactly
whaty oun eedt oe xploriet .
Languagiest hek eyt ot hiesx ploration,
anda tt heh earotf C olliDnisc tionariise s
languagaesi ti sr ealulsye dN.e w words,
phraseasn,d m eaningssp rinugp e very
daya,n da lolf t hema rec apturaendd
analysebdyt heC olliWnosr dW eb.
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Dictionamrayk est hemw orkfo r you.
ColliDnoms o.r e.

(CONJT ENTS
Foerworfdo lrna gauget ecahres viii
Inotdrucotnif osrt udents ix
Glsosay r xi
1 Aspriatioann de cilpses 1
Aspiatroin
Ecplsies G
2 Nouns 8
Ovevriwe onfo uns 8
Thceo mmfoornm o fn ouns 10
Othefrro mosfn ouns 15
Formintgh gee inticvaes e 18
Pronouns 22
3
Pernsapolor nou:s nujsbcet 22
Pernsapolor noudniescr:ot jb cet 2G
Perpoisoinptaorln ouns 29
4 Adjeicvtes
30
Attrbiuitvaed jteicvaenspd er diacteia vjdcetives 30
Dergeeosfc opmariosfao dnjt eicves 44
Thvee rlab jdacetive 49
Posseea sdsjtieivcves 5G
5 Verbs 59
Ovreiveowfv erbs 59
Catoeirzgivnegr bs G1
Thie mepartive G3
Thpea stte nse G8
Thpeer setnnets e 78
Thfeu rtetu ense 89
6 Thev ebr' tboe i'n t hep resentte nse 99
Thhea bipterusaeltnn ets oeft hvee r'btbo e ' 99
Thiem meidtaep ersetnnets oeft hvee r'btbo e ' 100
7 Thec opula 101
Claisfiscoanst eincteesn 101
Iedntaitofiincs encteesn 108
Thceo puilna p tahstete nse 131
Iwsi tthhp eer psoitlieuoe sndt oe xepsrosw nsehrip 161
8 Patricles 120
Negativveer pbaractlil se 120
Threle taipvarect ile 152
gog/u,sr u/a,a mur 127
9 Thec onitdional 136
Forimntgh ceo nditmiooodn al 163
Asnkgia nadn wsenrigq ueosntwsii tvhe ribtnsh e
conditmiooodn al 143
Irreuglvaerr ibtnsh ceo nditmiooodn al 144
10T hep asisve 150
Formintgh pea isvse 105
Asiknagn adn wsenrigq ueosntwsii tvhe ribtnsh pea ssi1v5e7
Thpea sesw iivtirhre uglvaerr bs 185
11T hes ubjnuctive 160
Usitnhgse u jbutnicve 160
Formintgh seu jbuctnive 126
12 Adverbs 165
Advrebwsh iacerhf romefdrm o ajdcetives 165
Advrebosft ime 166
Advrebosfd ietcrion 186
13 Prpeostiions 171
Simapnlcdeo mpopuernpdoi stions 171
Chnagsec asuebdys impperlpeo isoitntosn ouns
beginnwiintagch o onnsant 173
Chnagecsas uebdys impperlpoes ittiono onusn s
begingnw iintavh o wle 177
Simppelrpeo siatnitdoh nsesi ngautrliacrl e 179
Simppelrpeoi stiaonntdsh pel aualrtr icle 18G
14 Realticvlea euss 189
Diercrtle taiecv laeu s 198
Idniecrrtle atcilvaeu se 193
15 Numbers 197
Cardiannl ubmesr 197
l
Cardinnaulbm es2r 199
Pernsanolu mebsr 205
Ordiannl ubmesr 208
16 Timaen dd ate 210
Tmie 210
Dayosft hweee k 212
Dates 241
17 Namesa nds urnames 217
Names 217
Sunramse 220
18 Plancaem es 224
19 Prefixaensds uffixes 228
Perfixes 228
Sufifxes 231
MaiInn dex 233
VerTba lbes 1-27
VerIbn dex 28-33
[ J
FOREWORDF ORL ANGUAGTEE ACHERS
ThEea sLyer aniInirgsG har mmairds e sniegtdo ubesedw itbho th
younagn add ullentae srra,s ag orurpe rfneecbeo otkoc ompelment
yourco rusbeo odkui rncgl asosrae sasr ,e mcomendteedfx ort
se-lsuftdayn hdo mweor/ckoruserwko.
Thtee xstp ecaiyltfi larcgtesla enresfr rmo abi nittoii tone mreidatoer
GCESL elvae,n Odrd ianyrL elva etL evainCegr tciafitaen tdh eeofrrei ts
stcrutuarclo ntaennvdto cbaulyh avareb eemna cthetdot helsveeel s.
Thaep oparcahi mtsod veelokpn owgleae ndudnd esratndionf g
garmmaarn ydou rl easra'nb eiiyrtt loa pypi lbty
• dfieninpgar tosfs peeactth hs etr ato fe acmhaj osret cion
witehax mplienEsn gltiocs lrhayic fonpctes
• porvidicnlgee axprl aatnnisoo fg armmartre mbso twhi tihn
thtee axtn dt hiGenol srsya
• iultslartniga lplon itwsi tehax mpels( nadt hetairnrls aito)n s
basoendt opainccdso tnexwthsi acerhr leveantt ob egienrn
anidtn emredtieca osuerc ontent
Thtee xhtes ly poud veeloppot siiavttei tutdoge arsm malren airnign
yourcl saesbsy
• gviincgla, ere a-styfool-loewxp lnaaotnis
• hightliiungesghf lTu iptsod ewailt cho mmodfnifi cluties
• summairnzgiK epyo nitastt heen odfs ecotntisoc onisadotle
lenairng
viii
( J
INTRODUCTIOFNO RS TUDENTS
Whetyhoeaurer s tratnigt ol eaIirrnsf hort hveey rfi srtt imbeur,s hing
upo nt opisyc ouh vaes tdueidi cnl aosrrs e,sv iifnorgy oureax mst.h e
EasLye airnnIgir sGhar mmairhs e etr oh elTph eiassy --tuosgeud iet akes
yotuh oruhga ltlhb ea syiocwusil nle etdos peaankud n desrtnad
moedr,en veryIidrsa.hy
Newcmoesrc asno mtmeiesst urggwliett hht ece hinctaelr tmhsye
comaeco rswsh etnh yes tratto e xlpoet rhgear mmarof nawe
languTahgEeae s.Lye airnnIgir sGhar mmaerxl paihnows t gote t o
grsiw pitthhp ear tss epoefcy ho wuil nlee dt ok nwo usisnigml pe
lanaggue.
Thtee xidtsv i idietndos ecotniesa,c dhae liwnigta ph a irctualeraar
ofg armma.E racshet cicoannb es tdueidi nvdiidluyaa,snl uemorus
cors-sreeerfnecsi tnh tee xpton ity our lteeovn atp onitison t her
secotnoisft hbeo ofkorf rutehrif normaotni.
Thmea josre cotnbise igwni tahne xplnaaotnoi f aterhaoe f ga rmmar
coveornet dhf eol wlionpga ges
Whati sa verb?
Av ebr ias' odnigw'o drw hidceshc ibrewsh asto meoonre
somteihndgo ewsh,as to meoonrse o mteihnigso ,rw hahta ppens
tot he,fm ore axmplreu,nc .rj yu,m p.
Eacghar mmapro iintnth tee xiftsol olwebdys imepaxlmep loefrsa e l
Iirschom.p lteew itEhn gltairnsshil oanhtse,l pyionuugnd esrtnadt he
rlueUsnd.e lnriinhgab se eunes di enax mpelst horuguhtto htee xt to
higghhttl higear mmataiplc oibnentig e xlpnaeid
ix
�Nori s ouensdli ytn h pea stte nwsietr heu glvaerr abnswd i th
thierr euglvaerr bbesgi arrb c,l ocilsuh/iena,i r teha tt.a bhgai,iv re
tacro m.Ne oars patierbsuh ta nso e fcftoe nv erbbegsi innnwgi th
vowle:s
nas clotifi rnbohirrs thset udewnhtods i dtb nr'etahke
nar ilaacha rules
siannb uhacainlolr thatth'beso wyh od idto np'ehni s
osicalab hornntanas present
InIi rsahsw, i tahny l anagguet,he ea rerc earitpnifa tlwlhsi hcvahet o
bea voiddT.ep isa nIdfn ormaotnni otetsho ruhgouttht ee axetru esflu
rmeidnesr tohft eh itnhgaostf nt t erpl ieasru npe r
Tlp
-ai s adt doad jdecetitvheaestn i dan c onsopneracnetdb eyd
ao, ,o, 6 ,uo rii
-eia sd dd eatodc jteitvheaestn i dan c onsopneracnetdb eyd
e,i o erf,
Kepy onitssu mu pa ltlhi emp ortnatfca tasbo uatp arctuilaaerrao f
garmm.at ros avyeou t imwehe ny oauer r esviiannghd e ylopfu o ucs
ont hmea ignar mmatipconaitls
KEYP OINTS
V Whewne a ers anygiw hatth deat ei. sw eu steh oedr ianl
numebsr.
V Wea lmsous tu es sap ecfroimao lft hmeo ntwhhse sna nygi
whatt eid itas .
Fnial,lyt hseu ppleamtte henent od ft hbeo ocko anitVnesr Tba lbse,
wheemr aniymp ortnatIs rhiv er(bbso rteuhg laanrid rr eugl)aa err
dencelidifn lu Elax.m pelss hwo you htoou wst eh evseer ibynsou row n
workI.yf ou a eru nseuo frh ow va ercboj nutgeaisnI i rsyhou,c anl ook
upt hVeer bIsdn exo np ag2e6s- t3ofi1 nde itthhecero j nguatoifot nh e
verisbtle ,of rac orssr-erfneecteoa m odveel,r w bhiwcilhsl h wo you
thpea trtntesh avter bf loolws.
Weh opteh aytowu i leln yju ositnhgEea sLyer aniInrgiG sarhm maarn d
finidut s felui tnh ceo sueor fy ourst u.d y
x