Appendix 1 Talking Points for Ambassador Ortiz, April 10, 1979

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Appendix 1
Talking Points for Ambassador Ortiz,
April 10, 1979
—My government is aware of your concern over allegations that Gairy may
launch an invasion to regain control of Grenada.
—The conduct of any activities on U.S. territory aimed at overthrowing a
friendly government are strictly prohibited by U.S. law and are a matter of
grave concern to my government.
—Neutrality matters are investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation
as criminal violations. The FBI is required to investigate alleged violations
thoroughly to obtain the full facts, the identities of the parties concerned,
and other available pertinent information. Such allegations are then relayed
to the criminal division of the Department of Justice for its review. The
Department of Justice then determines what actions should be taken by the
FBI to further investigate the alleged violations.
—The Department of State has advised the FBI of the possibility that Gairy
might attempt to gather a mercenary force to invade Grenada and of the con-
cerns of your government.
—We do not yet have hard facts in this regard, only unsubstantiated allegations.
—We are awaiting a determination by the Department of Justice on what action
might be warranted.
—My government will attempt to keep track of Gairy’s whereabouts and activi-
ties, to the extent that it is proper and possible to do so. However, until the
Department of Justice determines that surveillance of Gairy is warranted by
the facts in the case, it is difficult to know where he is at all times, particularly
since he is no longer under Secret Service protection. Gairy waived further
Secret Service protection when he arrived in San Diego on March 20.
—We would appreciate receiving from your government any information bear-
ing on possible illegal acts on the part of Gairy in the U.S.
—Although my government recognizes your concerns over allegations of a
possible counter-coup, it also believes that it would not be in Grenada’s best
180 ● Appendix 1
interests to seek assistance from a country such as Cuba to forestall such an
attack. We would view with displeasure any tendency on the part of Grenada
to develop closer ties with Cuba.
—It seems highly unlikely to us that Chile or Argentina would find it in their
best interests to assist Gairy in launching a counter-coup.
Source: Lawrence Rossin, Secret airgram to secretary of state, United States-
Grenada Relations since the Coup: A Background Paper(Bridgetown, Barbados:
US Embassy, 1983), 21–22.
Appendix 2
Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States’
Request for US Assistance in Grenada
October 23, 1983
Your Excellency,
The Chairman of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States presents her
compliments to His Excellency the Ambassador of the United States to the
Eastern Caribbean and has the honour to transmit herewith a request for assis-
tance under Article 8 of the Treaty establishing the Organisation of Eastern
Caribbean States.
The Chairman of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States avails herself
of this opportunity to renew the assurances of her highest consideration.
Sincerely
Eugenia Charles
Attachment:
Text of OECS’s Request for Assistance
The authority of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) met at
Bridgetown, Barbados on Friday 21st October 1983 to consider and evaluate the
situation in Grenada arising out of the overthrow of the Government led by
Prime Minister Maurice Bishop and the subsequent killing of the Prime Minister
together with some of his colleagues and a number of other citizens.
The authority is aware that the overthrow of the Bishop administration took
place with the knowledge and connivance of forces unfriendly to the OECS lead-
ing to the establishment of the present military regime.
182 ● Appendix 2
The meeting took note of the current anarchic conditions, the serious viola-
tions of human rights and bloodshed that have occurred and the consequent
unprecedented threat to the peace and security of the region created by the vac-
uum of authority in Grenada.
The authority was deeply concerned that military forces and supplies are likely
to be shortly introduced to consolidate the position of the regime and that the
country can be used as a staging post for acts of aggression against its members.
The authority further noted that the capability of the Grenada armed forces is
already at a level of sophistication and size far beyond the internal needs of that
country. Furthermore the member states of the OECS have no means of defence
against such forces.
The member governments of the organisation hold the strong view that such
a situation would further undermine the political, social and economic stability and
would have extremely dangerous consequences for the preservation of peace
and security in the whole OECS sub-region as a whole.
The authority noted that the present regime in Grenada has demonstrated by
its brutality and ruthlessness that it will stop at nothing to achieve its ends and
to secure its power.
Under the authority of Article 8 of the Treaty establishing the Organisation of
Eastern Caribbean States, the authority proposes therefore to take action for col-
lective defence and the preservation of peace and security against external aggression
by requesting assistance from friendly countries to provide transport logistics
support and additional military personnel to assist the efforts of the OECS to
stabilize this most grave situation within the Eastern Caribbean.
The authority of the OECS wishes to establish a peace keeping force with the
assistance of friendly neighbouring states to restore on Grenada conditions of
tranquillity and order so as to prevent further loss of life and abuses of human
rights pending the restoration of constitutional government.
Source: “Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Request for U.S. Assistance
in Grenada.” American Foreign Policy Current Documents (1983), Document
656, 1397–98.
Appendix 3
Letter from the Governor-General of
Grenada to the Prime Minister of
Barbados
October 24, 1983
Dear Prime Minister,
You are aware that there is a vacuum of authority in Grenada following the
killing of the Prime Minister and the subsequent serious violations of human
rights and bloodshed.
I am therefore seriously concerned over the lack of internal security in
Grenada. Consequently I am requesting your help to assist me in stabilizing this
grave and dangerous situation. It is my desire that a peacekeeping force should
be established in Grenada to facilitate a rapid return to peace and tranquillity
and also a return to democratic rule.
In this connexion I am also seeking assistance from the United States, from
Jamaica, and from the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States through its cur-
rent chairman the hon. Eugenia Charles (Prime Minister of Dominica) in the spirit
of the treaty establishing that organization to which my country is a signatory.
I have the honour to be,
Yours faithfully,
Paul Scoon,
Governor-General.
Source: William Gilmore, The Grenada Intervention: Analysis and Documentation
(London: Mansell, 1984), 95.
Appendix 4
Dramatis Personae:
March 1979–October 1983
Carter Administration (1977–1981)
Peter Bourne Special Assistant to the President for Health
Issues
Zbigniew Brzezinski National Security Adviser
John A. Bushnell Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for
Inter-American Affairs
Jimmy Carter President
Ashley Hewitt Caribbean Desk Officer, Department of State
Robert Pastor National Security Council, Director of Latin
American Affairs
Viron Vaky Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American
Affairs
US Embassy, Bridgetown, Barbados
John Eddy Deputy Chief of Mission
Richard La Roche Consular Officer
Frank Ortiz Ambassador, Barbados (until June 1979)
Sally Shelton Ambassador, Barbados (until January 1981)
Reagan Administration (1981–1984)
James Baker III White House Chief of Staff
George Bush Vice President
William Casey Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
Duane Clarridge Latin America Division Chief of the
Directorate of Operations, Central Intelligence
Agency
186 ● Appendix 4
William Clark National Security Adviser (resigned
October 13, 1983)
Major General George Crist Vice Director, Joint Staff, US Army
Kenneth Dam Deputy Secretary of State
Commodore Jack Darby Deputy Director for Plans and
Policy, Joint Chiefs of Staff
Michael Deaver Presidential Assistant
Lawrence Eagleburger Undersecretary for Political Affairs
Roger Fontaine National Security Council, Latin
American Affairs Director
Charles Gillespie Deputy Assistant Secretary of State
for Inter-American Affairs
Rear Admiral Jonathan Trumbull Howe Director of Political-Military Affairs
Fred Iklé Undersecretary of Defense for Policy
Craig Johnstone Deputy Assistant Secretary of State
for Inter-American Affairs
Jeane Kirkpatrick Ambassador to the United Nations
Michael Kozak Department of State Deputy
Legal Adviser
Admiral Wesley McDonald Commander-in-Chief,
Atlantic Forces
Robert McFarlane National Security Adviser
(appointed October 17, 1983)
John McMahon Acting Director of the Central
Intelligence Agency
Francis McNeil President’s Special Emissary
Edwin Meese III Presidential Counselor
Constantine Menges National Security Council, Assistant
for Latin American Affairs
Vice Admiral Joseph Metcalf III Commander of Joint Task Force 120
James Michel Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary
of State for Inter-American Affairs
William Middendorf II Ambassador to the Organization of
American States
William Montgomery Executive Assistant to the
Undersecretary for Political Affairs
Vice Admiral Arthur Moreau, Jr. Assistant to the Chairman of the
Joint Chiefs of Staff
Langhorne “Tony” Motley Assistant Secretary of State for
Inter-American Affairs
Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North Deputy Director of Political-Military
Affairs
Vice Admiral John Poindexter Deputy National Security Adviser
Ronald Reagan President
Appendix 4 ● 187
Davis Robinson Department of State Legal Adviser
Lawrence Rossin Foreign Service Officer
Nestor Sanchez Deputy Assistant Secretary of
Defense for Inter-American Affairs
Alphonso Sapia-Bosch National Security Council, Director of
Latin American Affairs
George Shultz Secretary of State
Larry Speakes Principal Deputy Press Secretary
General John Vessey Chairman of the Joint Chiefs
of Staff
Caspar Weinberger Secretary of Defense
US Embassy, Bridgetown, Barbados
Milan Bish Ambassador to Barbados
James Budeit Consul General
Gary Chafin Political Officer
Linda Flohr Third Secretary
Ludlow Flower III Deputy Chief of Mission
Kenneth Kurze Counselor for Political and Economic
Affairs
David Ostroff Consular Officer
Lieutenant Colonel Lawrence Reiman Military Attaché
British Government
Giles Bullard High Commissioner, Barbados
Geoffrey Howe Foreign Secretary
John Kelly British Representative, Grenada
David Montgomery Deputy High Commissioner,
Barbados
Margaret Thatcher Prime Minister
Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States
Lester Bird Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign
Minister of Antigua and Barbuda
Vere Bird, Sr. Prime Minister of Antigua and
Barbuda
Milton Cato Prime Minister of St. Vincent and the
Grenadines
Eugenia Charles Prime Minister of Dominica
John Compton Prime Minister of St. Lucia
Vaughan Lewis Director General
John Osbourne Chief Minister of Montserrat
Kennedy Simmonds Prime Minister of St. Kitts-Nevis
188 ● Appendix 4
Other Caribbean States
Tom Adams Prime Minister of Barbados
H. Brazane Babb Permanent Secretary to the Foreign
Minister of Barbados
Linden Forbes Burnham President of Guyana
Fidel Castro President of Cuba
George Chambers Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago
Neville Gallimore Foreign Minister of Jamaica
Brigadier General Rudyard Lewis Commander of the Barbados Defence
Force
Lynden Pindling Prime Minister of the Bahamas
George Price Prime Minister of Belize
Bernard St. John Deputy Prime Minister of Barbados
Edward Seaga Prime Minister of Jamaica
Lieutenant Commander Peter Tomlin Barbados Defence Force
Louis Tull Foreign Minister of Barbados
Grenada
Geoffrey Bourne Vice Chancellor of St. George’s
University
Charles Modica Chancellor of St. George’s University
(based in New York)
General Gennadiy Sazhenev Soviet Ambassador
Sir Paul Scoon Governor General of Grenada
Gary Solin Bursar of St. George’s University
Julian Torres Rizo Cuban Ambassador
People’s Revolutionary Government
Central Committee Membership 1983
General Hudson Austin Minister of Communications, Works
and Labour; Commander of the
People’s Revolutionary Army
Fitzroy Bain Trade Union Leader
Major Tan Bartholomew People’s Revolutionary Army
Maurice Bishop Prime Minister, Minister of Defence,
Interior and Carriacou Affairs
Phyllis Coard Head of National Women’s
Organization
Major Leon Cornwall People’s Revolutionary Army;
Ambassador to Cuba
Chris De Riggs Minister of Health
Lieutenant Liam James People’s Revolutionary Army
Appendix 4 ● 189
Lieutenant Colonel Ewart Layne People’s Revolutionary Army
George Louison Minister of Agriculture
Kamau McBarnette Deputy Minister of Information
Ian St. Bernard Commissioner of Police
Selwyn Strachan Minister of National Mobilization
John Ventour Trade Union Leader
Unison Whiteman Minister of Foreign Affairs
Political Bureau Membership 1983
General Hudson Austin Minister of Communications, Works and
Labour; Commander of the People’s
Revolutionary Army
Maurice Bishop Prime Minister, Minister of Defence,
Interior and Carriacou Affairs
Lieutenant Liam James People’s Revolutionary Army
Lieutenant Colonel Ewart Layne People’s Revolutionary Army
George Louison Minister of Agriculture
Selwyn Strachan Minister of National Mobilization
John Ventour Trade Union Leader
Unison Whiteman Minister of Foreign Affairs
Others
Norris Bain Minister of Housing
Bernard Coard Deputy Prime Minister; Minister of
Finance
Jacqueline Creft Minister of Education, Youth and Culture
Alister Hughes Journalist
Ian Jacobs Ambassador to the United Nations
W. Richard Jacobs Ambassador to the Soviet Union
Major Einstein Louison People’s Revolutionary Army Chief of Staff
Lloyd Noel Attorney General (resigned 1980)
Vincent Noel Trade Union Leader
Leslie Pierre Journalist
Kendrick Radix Minister of Agro-Industries and Fisheries
Lyden Ramdhanny Minister of Tourism
Major Christopher Stroude Political Commissar of the People’s
Revolutionary Army
Dessima Williams Ambassador to the Organization of
American States