Altars Restored: The Changing Face of English Religious Worship, 1547-c.1700

415 Pages·2008·5.12 MB·English

by  Kenneth Fincham

ALTARS RESTORED
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Altars Restored
The Changing Face of English Religious
Worship, 1547–c.1700
KENNETH FINCHAM
and
NICHOLAS TYACKE
1
1
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Preface
This book has been more than ten years in the making. First conceived as a
joint article on ‘Caroline Altar Policy Revisited’, covering the years 1625–40,
the project grew into a book proposal on the same period but now enti-
tled ‘The Caroline Remodelling of English Religious Worship’. It became
increasingly clear, however, that in order to understand fully the significance
of religious developments under Charles I we needed to go much further
back. Ultimately the logical starting-point emerged as the reign of Edward
VI, when altars had first been destroyed as a matter of government policy.
At the same time we came to the conclusion that stopping in 1640 was at
best to leave the story only two-thirds told. Hence the final choice of dates:
1547–c.1700.
The growing ambition of this project explains why it has taken so long
to complete. Nevertheless we are very grateful to the University of Kent
and to University College London for periods of sabbatical leave, and in
the case of Kenneth Fincham to the then AHRB for a further period of
funded leave, as well as to the British Academy Small Grants scheme for
helping to defray the costs of visits to remoter archives. We also thank the
Scouloudi Foundation which has generously paid for the illustrations. In the
course of our labours we have incurred numerous debts to fellow scholars,
archivists, librarians, and friends. Listed in alphabetical order they are: Rod
Ambler,StefanAnderson,IanArcher,MargaretAston,CarolineBarron,Robert
Beddard, George Bernard, Lloyd Bowen, Geoff Browell, Andrew Cambers,
Marion Campbell, Jeremy Catto, Elizabeth Cawte, George Conyne, Barbara
Coulton, John Craig, Nicholas Cranfield, David Crankshaw, Pauline Croft,
RichardCust,BarbaraCoulton,SusanDoran,AngelaDoughty,LouiseDurning,
Eamon Duffy, Jackie Eales, the late Luke Edwards, Lori Anne Ferrell, Tom
Freeman,JohnFuller,ChristopherHaigh,SusanHardmanMoore,PaulHarvey,
Clare Haynes, Felicity Heal, Andrew Hegarty, Steven Hobbs, Clive Holmes,
Ann Hughes, Arnold Hunt, Susan Jack, Martin Jones, Anna Keay, Diarmaid
MacCulloch, Peter McCullough, Doreen McVeigh, John Maddicot, Judith
Maltby, Julia Merritt, Anthony Milton, Roger Norris, Kently Page, Jason
Peacey,FrederickPercy,MichaelPort,StephenPorter,MichaelQuestier,Nigel
Ramsay, Glyn Redworth, Matthew Reynolds, Peter Roberts, the late Conrad
Russell, Benet Salway, Spencer Scott, Paul Seaver, Bill Sheils, John Spurr,
MichaelStansfield,TomSteel,GrantTapsell,KeithThomas,AndrewThomson,
Clare Tilbury, Brett Usher, Tim Wales, John Walter, Leonie Wells-Furby,
Christopher Whittick, Peter Wilkinson, Peter Yorke. Especial thanks go to
viii Preface
DavidComo,TrevorCooper,AndrewFoster,LudmillaJordanova,PeterLake,
andEmilyPegues;andlastbutnotleasttoKennethFincham’slong-sufferingco-
directorsoftheClergyofEnglandDatabaseProject,ArthurBurnsandStephen
Taylor.
UniversityofKent K.F.
UniversityCollegeLondon N.T.
Contents
ListofPlates x
ListofFigures xi
Acknowledgements xii
ListofAbbreviationsandSymbols xiii
Introduction 1
1. ‘TheStrippingoftheAltars’,1547–1560 8
2. TheEdwardianLegacy,1560–1604 39
3. Avant-gardeConformityandtheEnglishChurch,c.1590–1625 74
4. PropagandaWars,1624–1640 126
5. TheTurningoftheTables,1625–1640 176
6. TheBeautyofHoliness,1625–1640 227
7. RepressionandRevival,1640–1660 274
8. AltarsRestored,1660–c.1700 305
Conclusion 353
ManuscriptBibliography 357
Index 377