The Iliad of Homer. A Parsed Interlinear Text

1100 Pages·2008·11.706 MB·English, Greek

by  John James Jackson

The
Iliad of Homer
A
Parsed Interlinear Text

John James Jackson

© 2008 John James Jackson
TX 6-846-539
I

CONTENTS
chapter / book page
PREFACE . . . . . . . . II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . . . . . . III
NOTES . . . . . . . . IV
BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . VIII
Ἰλιάδος Α THE ILIAD BOOK 1 . . . . . 1
Ἰλιάδος Β THE ILIAD BOOK 2 . . . . . 42
Ἰλιάδος Γ THE ILIAD BOOK 3 . . . . . 102
Ἰλιάδος Δ THE ILIAD BOOK 4 . . . . . 134
Ἰλιάδος Ε THE ILIAD BOOK 5 . . . . . 172
Ἰλιάδος Ζ THE ILIAD BOOK 6 . . . . . 234
Ἰλιάδος Η THE ILIAD BOOK 7 . . . . . 271
Ἰλιάδος Θ THE ILIAD BOOK 8 . . . . . 306
Ἰλιάδος Ι THE ILIAD BOOK 9 . . . . . 345
Ἰλιάδος Κ THE ILIAD BOOK 10 . . . . . 395
Ἰλιάδος Λ THE ILIAD BOOK 11 . . . . . 436
Ἰλιάδος Μ THE ILIAD BOOK 12 . . . . . 494
Ἰλιάδος Ν THE ILIAD BOOK 13 . . . . . 527
Ἰλιάδος Ξ THE ILIAD BOOK 14 . . . . . 585
Ἰλιάδος Ο THE ILIAD BOOK 15 . . . . . 622
Ἰλιάδος Π THE ILIAD BOOK 16 . . . . . 673
Ἰλιάδος Ρ THE ILIAD BOOK 17 . . . . . 733
Ἰλιάδος Σ THE ILIAD BOOK 18 . . . . . 786
Ἰλιάδος Τ THE ILIAD BOOK 19 . . . . . 829
Ἰλιάδος Υ THE ILIAD BOOK 20 . . . . . 860
Ἰλιάδος Φ THE ILIAD BOOK 21 . . . . . 895
Ἰλιάδος Χ THE ILIAD BOOK 22 . . . . . 938
Ἰλιάδος Ψ THE ILIAD BOOK 23 . . . . . 974
Ἰλιάδος Ω THE ILIAD BOOK 24 . . . . . 1035
II

PREFACE
My purpose has been to produce an interlinear that is both inductive and deductive in
approach. The text is intended to serve as a living grammar and to provide a platform for
comprehensive study.
J. Jackson
III

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
To Mary Miner.

Malcolm D. Hyman. (Harvard). for his work in producing the Arboreal program.
http://archimedes.fas.harvard.edu/euclid/euclid_paper.pdf

Gregory Crane. (Tufts University). for his Greek parser (Morpheus,) available through Donatus.
http://archimedes.fas.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/donates

Ahuvia Kahane and Martin Mueller. (Northwestern University). For the Chicago Homer, an
excellent electronic resource.
http://www.library.northwestern.edu/homer/

Special thanks to Michael Hannel for his ceaseless encouragement and feedback.
IV

NOTES

Nouns (gender-neutral): Is it a steed or a mare, a bull or a cow?
Gender has been assigned to forms of the noun that are normally parsed as gender neutral,
such as κύνας, ἵππους, ὄρνιθες etc. For example [IL.16.148-149 ὠκέας ἵππους Ξάνθον καὶ
Βαλίον] either Ξάνθον and Βαλίον, the immortal steeds of Achilles, or ὠκέας, can form the
basis for the assignment of masculine to ἵππους. This is due to the agreement with the
masculine adjective ὠκέας, or in the absence of the adjective, a contextual agreement1 with the
two steeds Ξάνθον καὶ Βαλίον.

Adverbs of place:
The forms ἄλλοτε, οἴκαδε, οὐρανόθεν, ὑµέτερόνδε etc. and place names Φθίηνδε,
ὔλυµπόνδε, etc. have been assigned (Adverb, Place).2

The Article/Pronoun: ὁ, ἡ, τό,
Many of the grammars neglect to give adequate treatment to the definite article, often
presenting the article in a first lesson, some even reducing it to the equivalent of an English
“the”. Do not be lulled into complacency by this treatment of the article and avoid the tendency
to import our modern use of the definite article into Homer.
In Homer, the line of distinction between article and pronoun is indeed a blurry one. In fact
some have denied the existence of the definite article in Homer, while others have cited its
sparse usage as evidence of corruption,3 or to support a theory of an original Iliad (Ur-Ilias).4
Homeric authorities taking account of ὁ, ἡ, τό, used as a definite article are generally in
agreement on its assignment.5 In this volume you will find ὁ, ἡ, τό parsed as a definite article
385 times, and as a pronoun 3064 times.

1 an agreement, semantic or morphological that may transcend sentence boundaries.

2 Apollonius Dyscolus. περὶ ἐπιρρηµάτων. (201.1):
“Τὰ τοπικὰ τῶν ἐπιρρηµάτων τρεῖς ἔχει διαστάσεις, τὴν ἐν τόπῳ, τὴν εἰς τόπον, τὴν ἐκ τόπου. ...παρά τε
τὸ ὕψος ὑψοῦ γίνεται, ἀφ᾽ οὗ τὸ ὑψόθεν καὶ ὑψόθι. ...ὡς παρὰ τὴν οἴκου ἀποτελεῖται τὸ οἴκοθι οἴκοθεν
οἴκαδε,”
3 Walter Leaf. (1900) The Iliad By Homerus, London
4 Wolf, (1795). Prolegomena ad Homerum, Halle, W. Christ. (1884). Homer oder Homeriden, Munich.
5 Kotch. (1872),. De Articulo Homerico, Leipzig, (1909). Homer and the Iliad, Cambridge, Stummer. (1886). Ueber
den Artikel bei Homer, Schweinfurt. But note that LSJ goes further in assigning ὁ, ἡ, τό, to the pronoun class i.e. τὸν
Χρύσην (that venerable man Chryses), ὁ Τυδεΐδης (he Tydeus' famous son), Νέστωρ ὁ γέρων (Nestor that aged man).
V

The text of Monro and Allen's 1920 edition of the Iliad contains a total of 111,862 words,
generated from 21,418 unique wordforms. These, when lemmatized, yield 18,430 unique
dictionary headwords.
Upon further analysis we find 12,766 unambiguous forms (those with only one morphological
parse). Forms of this type were parsed by the use of an automatic parser1 thus reducing the
corpus to 8,652 ambiguous wordforms. Additionally we find that wordform to lemma
assignment exhibit fewer than 200 ambiguous relationships.
In addition to an automatic parser, lexicon driven knowledge based systems were created to
resolve areas not handled by the parser.2

Table 1, Homeric Lemma Index (example LSJ)
Index Lemma Ref.
4416 µάλα Od.1.1
6009 πολυκροτος Od.1.1
6041 πολύτροπος Od.1.1
2397 ἐπεί Od.1.2
5757 πέρθω Od.1.2
5913 πλάζω Od.1.2
6281 πτολίεθρον Od.1.2
4897 νόµος Od.1.3
6368 ῥέκτικός Od.1.5
410 ἀλλά Od.1.6

1 Automatic morphological parsing system for Greek; Morpheus (Gregory Crane, Tufts University)
2 Index used for automatic search and retrieval derived from electronic versions of LSJ and Autenrieth. (The use of
Homeric indexes of Gehring and Seber plus the concordance of Prendergast has also proven to be of great value.)
VI

Table 3, Blank Verse Correlation
Leconte, Murray, Voss, Estalella, Monro & Allen,
French, English, German, Spanish, Greek,
Book Lines 1874 1924 1793 1908 1920
1 611
2 877
3 461
4 544
5 909 235,236,237,238
6 529
7 482 188, 246
8 565 548,550,551,552
9 713 458,459,460,461 458,459,460,461
10 579
11 848 543 543 543
12 471
13 837 592
14 522 269
15 746 577
16 867 646 614,615
17 761
18 617 606
19 424
20 503
21 611 480
22 515
23 897
24 804 790

Abbreviations
accusative = acc imperative = imperat participle = part
adjective = adj imperfect = imperf personal = per
adverb = adv indefinite = ind_ plural = pl
aorist = aor indicative = ind preposition = prep
conjunction = conj infinitive = inf present = pres
dative = dat interrogative = int pronoun = pro
demonstrative = dem masculine = m second person = 2
feminine = f negative = neg singular = sg
first person = 1 neuter = n subjunctive = subj
genitive = gen nominative = nom third person = 3
geographic = geo optative = opt vocative = voc
VII

This interlinear text is based on the following
Greek text:
Monro, D. B. and Allen, T. W. (1920): Homer, Iliad, books 1-24, Oxford

English translation (text has been verse aligned to the Greek):
Murray, A.T. (1924). The Iliad with an English Translation, London
VIII

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Autenrieth, Georg. (1891). A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York
Claverhouse, Richard Jebb. (1887). Homer: An Introduction to the Iliad and the Odyssey, Glasgow
Cunliffe, Richard John. (1924). A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect, Oklahoma
Erbse, Hartmut. (1969). Scholia Graeca in Homeri Iliadem (Scholia Vetera), Berlin
Gehring, Augustus. (1891). Index Homericus, Leipzig
Goodwin, William Watson. (1894). A School Greek Grammar, London
Heyne, C. G. (1804). Homeri Ilias, London
Hyman, Malcolm D. (2003). Greek and Roman Grammarians on Motion Verbs, and Place Adverbials,
Harvard
Liddell, H. G., Scott, R., Jones, H. S., & McKenzie, R. (1996). A Greek-English lexicon, Oxford
Meader, Clarence Linton. Editor. (1910). Latin Philology, London
Middleton, Thomas Fanshaw. (1833). The Doctrine of the Greek Article, London
Monro, David Binning. (1891). A Grammar of the Homeric Dialect, Oxford
Müller, Friedrich Max. (1869). Lectures on the Science of Language, London
Packard, David W. (1973). Computer-assisted morphological analysis of ancient Greek, Pisa
Peile, John. (1877). Philology, New York
Pharr, Clyde. (1959). Homeric Greek: A Book for Beginners, Oklahoma
Prendergast, Guy Lushington. (1869). A Complete Concordance to the Iliad of Homer, London
La Roche, J. (1873). Homeri Ilias, Leipzig
Rutherford, R. B. (1992). Odyssey: Books XIX and XX, Cambridge
Seber, Wolfgang. (1780). Index Vocabulorum in Homeri Iliade atque Odyssea, Oxford
Seymour, Thomas Day. (1902). Introduction to the Language and Verse of Homer, Boston
Smyth, Herbert Weir. (1916). A Greek Grammar for Colleges, Harvard
Stanwell, F. Melian. (1909). Homer and the Iliad, Cambridge
Scott, John Adams. (1921). The Unity of Homer, Berkeley
Wagnon, A. (1880). Le pronom d’identité et la formule du réfléchi dans Homère, Genève
Ἰλιάδος Α