TETRAZYGIA PARALONGICOLLIS (MICONIEAE: MELASTOMATACEAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM THE SIERRA DE BAORUCO AND SIERRA MARTIN GARCIA, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

2008·9.2 MB·English

by  Walter S Judd

TETRAZYGIA PARALONGICOLLIS MELASTOMATACEAE),
(MICONIEAE:
NEW
A FROM AND
THE BAORUCO
DE
SPECIES SIERRA
MARTIN DOMINICAN
SIERRA GARCIA, REPUBLIC
&
Walter Judd Gretchen Teodoro
M.
lonta Clase
S.
Florida 32611,
sville, U.S.
judd@botany
ufl.edu
f
Dan
Skean,
J. Jr.
Department
of
Biology
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During
the course of fieldwork conducted in connection with the study of the systematics of Miconieae (Melas-
herbarium was
tomataceae), material of a distinctive species collected in the Sierra Martin Garcia (by W.S.
1992 and and now
Judd, in 2006) de Baoruco
Sierra (by T. Clase, in 2001). evident that these collections
It is
represent an undescribed which
species of Tetrazygia (Miconieae, Melastomataceae), appears be
to closely
&
I
related to longicollis Urb. Cogn. and elaeagnoid.es (Sw.) DC. These plants are described here, provided
T.
name
with and compared
the morphologically with above mentioned
paralongicollis, the
T. species.
Recent molecular-based phylogenetic analyses (E Michelangeli, Goldenberg, W. and
R. Judd, others;
&
unpublished
genus 20 Skean
data) indicate that Tetrazygia, a of ca. species (Judd 1991; Liogier 2000),
is
not monophyletic The
as traditionally circumscribed. species of Tetrazygia Rich, are intermixed in prelimi-
nary cladograms with members
of several other genera of Miconieae, especially Pachyanthus A. Rich, and
DC,
Caly oogonium two genera predominantly
that are Antillean in distribution, as Tetrazygia. Clarification
is
of generic limits within this subclade of the Miconieae, an Antillean complex Michelangeli
(see
i.e., et
al.
beyond we
2004, 2008) is the scope of this paper, but note that elaeagnoid.es, which has 4-merous flowers
T.
does and
(as T. longicollis the species described herein), in preliminary cladistic analyses does not appear
be T
to closely related to the species with 5- or 6-merous flowers, such as bicolor (Mill.) Cogn., coriacea
T.
and
Urb., T.lanceolata Urb.
&
Tetrazygia
paralongicollis Judd, lonta, Clase Skean, sp. nov. (Fig.
1).
1
Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 2(1)
m
main
from
branches the
furrowed arising
Shrub small 6 with horizontally bark; lateral
or gray,
tree to
tall,
Indumentum
nearly
upward. pale-ferrugineous, sessile
trunk ± then arching of multicellular,
horizontally,
mm
and simple, elongate multiseriate hairs 0.6 to 1.4 long,
long-stalked, globular-stellate hairs, often also
to
mm
Young 2-5 quadrangular, with
wide,
sometimes with minute twigs slightly
antrorse
these bristles.
node) concave, the adjacent sides slightly
the adjacent slightly
the interpetiolar face (in relation to distally
and
becoming with with moderate dense globular-stellate hairs often sparse simple,
convex, terete age, to
cm
cm
many long in vigor-
breaking with internodes 1.1-6.1 8.5
(to
elongate multiseriate hairs, off age;
mm
mm
28 vigorously
growing Leaves with petiole 6-9.4 long, (but to in leaves of
ously vegetative shoots).
cm
0.6-2.2(-7.7)
growing vegetative shoots), with dense globular-stellate hairs; blade 2.5-6.8(-20.4) long,
cm wide, 3.1-4.2 (2-3.5 in leaves of vigorously growing sucker-shoots) times longer than wide, ovate to el-
with upturned margins, forming
coriaceous, the apex acute to acuminate, with the tip of the leaf
liptic, flat,
mm
a mucro 0.5-1. l(-6) long with adaxial pocket, the base narrowly acute to cuneate or slightly cordate,
margin with only very few teeth along distal portion of
the plane slightly revolute, nearly entire, a
to i.e.,
mm
mm
with 0.1-0.3
blade, and these most 0.1 long, to ± clearly serrulate or ciliate-serrulate, teeth long,
at
acrodromous,
sometimes associated with a short multiseriate hair, ± evenly spaced along margin; venation
growing
with prominent midvein and 4 secondary veins in leaves of rapidly vegeta-
basal suprabasal, (6
to
mm
from margin,
secondary positioned 1.7-4(-16 in sucker-shoot leaves)
2 conspicuous veins
shoots),
tive
with an
and 2 inconspicuous secondary veins closer to margin (but sucker-shoot leaves additional pair of
numerous percurrent veins oriented subper-
secondary tertiary
inconspicuous, ± intramarginal, veins),
such
by composite-intertertiary veins (but
separated
pendicular midvein, the tertiary veins occasionally
to
common
more on the higher-order veins reticulate; adaxial surface green,
veins leaves of sucker-shoots),
midvein and major secondary
with numerous but quickly glabrescent, the
globular-stellate hairs,
initially
and
veins moderately impressed, minor secondary and tertiary veins slightly impressed to flat, higher order
numerous
subglobose
due presence
veins the surface appearing minutely papillose after drying to of
flat,
subcuticular druse abaxial surface light green, with dense pale ferrugineous, globular-stellate hairs
crystals;
some on
hairs the
obscuring the epidermal surface, and sometimes also elongate, multiseriate hairs, stellate
midvein prominently major secondary veins moderately raised,
major veins darker ferrugineous, the raised,
and
minor secondary and some composite-intertertiary veins slightly raised, higher-
veins, tertiary veins,
order veins very raised in some leaves of sucker-shoots). Inflorescences 3- to 12-flowered
(or slightly
flat
cm cm segment lowermost
proximal
pyramidal cymes of to 2 branch-pairs, 4-7.5 long, 1.7-5 in diameter; of
1
cm
inflorescence branches 1.4-2.5 long, distal internodes of inflorescence branches increasingly shorter,
cm
with dense
and appearing 3-flowered dichasia, globular-
ultimate branches 1.1-1.9 long, flowers in 1- to
cm
indumentum;
with
and peduncle 0.5-2.1 long, similar
hairs sparse elongate multiseriate hairs;
stellate
cm
2.5-4.3 long, 0.7-1.2
proximal inflorescence branch associated with pair of persistent leaflike bracts,
cm with caducous
branches associated pair of
form other inflorescence
wide, similar in to vegetative leaves,
androecium
zygomorphic
on specimens examined). Flowers (due to form),
(and not present perfect,
bracts
mm
indumentum branches. Free portion of
inflorescence
with similar that of
pedicel 1.4-1.5 long, the to
mm
2.9-3.8
hypanthium constricted above ovary, flaring and funnelform distal to the constriction,
slightly
and
with dense moderate hairs sparse elongate multiseriate hairs,
outer surface globular-stellate
long, to
on
minute-globular hairs the ridges.
glabrous except occasional
the inner surface slightly 16-ridged, for
mm
mm
and
with
wide, narrowly triangular, acute apex, terete
External calyx lobes 1.2 long, 0.8
ca. ca.
4,
mm mm
0.6-0.8 2.9-3.4
with dense internal calyx lobes long,
in cross section, globular-stellate hairs; 4,
apex rounded, green red-tinged, with dense globular-stellate hairs abaxially,
wide, broadly triangular, to
mm
im-
margin membranaceous, minutely calyx tube long. Petals
glabrous adaxially, the erose; ca. 1.5 4,
mm
mm
apex
4.3-4.9 wide, glabrous, white;
5.2-6.1
bricate in bud, ± asymmetrical, ovate- obovate, long,
mm
very
rounded; margin Stamens anther elongate- ovate, 4.6-5.2 long, glabrous, pale yellow,
entire.
8,
new
A
Judd et species of Tetrazygia from the Dominican Republic
al.,
A-l. Tetrazygia paralongicollis. A. Dichasiurr
Fig. 1
.
from
hairs, abaxial leaf surface. E. Ovary, in cross
T
which from Judd 8148
except for (FLAS)).
is
Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 2(1)
38
and opening by dorso-apical pore, the filament
single
slightly sagittate at base, fertile the entire length, a
mm
and
Ovary 4-lobed,
5.8-6 4/5 ellipsoidal slightly
long, glabrous, white. 4-loculate, ca. inferior,
terete,
mm
mm mm
3.5-3.9 long, 2.1-2.5 wide, with cylindrical apical crown ca. 0.7 long encircling base of style,
mm
the crown slightly 8-ridged, with sparse stellate hairs and elongate-uniseriate hairs at apex; style ca. 15
narrowed
with longitudinal
with placentas inserted into locules
long, glabrous. Placentation axile
terete,
numerous. Nearly
T-shaped ovules
with portion, in cross-section;
placental stalk flattened ellipsoid distal
mm
hypanthium,
mature berries 9-12 in diameter, globose-ellipsoid, with strongly constricted persistent
when with
green immature, but probably turning purple-black maturity, sparse globular-stellate hairs.
at
mm
smooth.
Seeds angular-obovoid, 0.7-0.9 long; testa ±
Dominican
and —Tetrazygia paralongicollis restricted to the southern part of the
Distribution habitat. is
from
Republic where has been collected only in the Sierra de Baoruco and Sierra Martin Garcia (Fig.
2),
it
Martin
720-860 m. In the Sierra de Baoruco occurs in Pinus occidentalis Sw. forests, while in the Sierra
it
melastomes
montane Martin associated
Garcia grows in moist forest (on limestone). In the Sierra Garcia,
it
DC., (Cogn.) Alain, Tetrazygia
include Calycogonium hispidulum Cogn., Miconia laevigata Sagraeajuertesii
(L.)
&
T
and Cogn.
DC., Urb.
elaeagnoides (Sw.)
longicollis
with
Etymology.—The highlights the purported close relationship of this species Tetra-
specific epithet
and
zygia especially as evidenced in the characteristics of its flowers fruits.
longicollis,
—Stem, and anatomy were assessed in material of Tetrazygia paral-
anatomy. petiole
Vegetative leaf,
&
and and anatomy were
(FLAS) and 3035 (FLAS), petiole as-
i.e.Judd 8148 Clase Delprete leaf
ongicollis,
6656 (FLAS) and i.e.Judd 6553 (FLAS) using the
sessed in material of i.z.Judd elaeagnoides,
longicollis, T.
T.
Howard As
by Melastomataceae,
phloroglucinol-hydrochloric acid technique outlined (1974). is typical of
and
have xylem with phloem positioned both externally internally
the stems of paralongicollis a ring of
T.
The
and Miconieae, medullary vascular bundles are present. pith ligni-
(amphiphloic), characteristic of is
as
inner portion
and perivascular fibers are lacking, but there are scattered lignified idioblasts in the of
fied,
which may have function (because they surround the Druses also are present
the cortex, a protective stele).
The nodes but the vascular bundle divides within the petiole
in the cortex. are unilacunar/unifascicular,
base, forming several bundles in the petiole. The petioles (sectioned at their midpoint) of all three species
composed
bundles
exhibit a U-shaped pattern composed of 7 to 11 vascular bundles, with the individual
xylem surrounded by phloem. The ground parenchyma unlignified, but in paralongicollis there are a
of is T.
numerous The
and petioles of
few scattered lignified idioblasts, in longicollis there are lignified idioblasts.
T.
parenchyma packed
but have abundant druse the literally
elaeagnoides lack lignified idioblasts, crystals; is
T.
with parenchyma and has only scattered druse crystals.
druses. In contrast, the of paralongicollis longicollis
T. T.
and spongy
mesophyll;
The have dorsoventral blades with an epidermis, palisade
leaves of three species
all
more
midvein has vascular bundles, which are or arranged in a ring. Lignified idioblasts are
the several less
and
parenchyma with midvein bundles
present in the associated the vascular of paralongicollis T. longicollis,
I.
with
while these are lacking in elaeagnoides. The abaxial leaf surface of all three species is covered a
cells
T.
parenchyma midvein
which As with the the of the
thick layer of stellate hairs, are variably lignified. petiole,
with
lamina
of elaeagnoides contains very abundant druses. Druses are present in the of all three species,
T.
spongy
these placed below the epidermis in either the palisade or mesophyll.
crystals
DDIISSCCUUSSSSIIOONN
seen
most Leonard). This especially
Tetrazygia paralongicollis similar to lloonnggiiccoolllliiss ((iinnccll.. brevicollis is
is T. T.
:
broadly
in the form of flowers and 4-meerroouuss,, wwiitthh ccoonnii(cal-terete external calyx lobes, trian-
fruits,
its i.e.,
an
ob white stamens with ovate-elongate anthers, ellipsoidal
calyx lobes, ovate- ovate, petals,
A new
Judd et species of Tetrazygia from the Dominican Republic
al.,
ovary (only 4-lobed) and with the placentas inserted into locules,
slightly
with hypanthium. However,
globose-ellipsoid berries strongly constricted aatly differentiated
from by with branches
radiating
globose-stellate hairs,
longicollis
T, its i.e.,
i
central region with branches more or radiating outward from a central
flattened-stellate hairs, less
(vs.
i.e.,
region), the tertiary veins usually connected by reticulate quaternary veins, only occasionally separated
i.e.,
by by
composite-intertertiary veins veins usually separated composite-intertertiary veins, thus
tertiary
(vs.
making and
the leaf "tertiary" veins appear to be closer together than they actually are), external calyx lobes
mm mm
1-5
that are ca. 1.2 long (vs. variable in length, ca. long). Tetrazygia paralongicollis is also quite
morphology and
similar to elaeagnoides, especially in the of stellate hairs in the pattern of venation
T. its
from by hypanthia (and
of its leaves. Tetrazygia paralongicollis is easily distinguished this species its fruits),
when
which and becoming unlobed
are globose-ellipsoid only very slightly 4-lobed in flower, in fruit
(vs.
and extended and T-shaped
subglobose strongly 4-angled), placental form, the placenta into the locule
i.e.,
and parenchyma
in cross-section in cross-section), the presence of lignified idioblasts in the of
elliptic
(vs.
many T
have
the petioles lignified idioblasts lacking). In addition, plants of elaeagnoides shorter exter-
(vs.
mm
may mm.
some
nal calyx lobes, 0.2-0.4 long, but in plants they be as long as 1.6 Plants of
e.g., ca. T.
from from both having
paralongicollis the type locality differ of these species in simple, elongate, multiseriate
on margin
hairs intermixed with the globular-stellate hairs their stems, abaxial leaf surface, leaf (in associa-
with and hypanthium. The Martin however,
tion the inflorescence axes, plants of the Sierra Garcia,
teeth),
lack these hairs, but these plants (unfortunately, only collected in sterile condition) are considered within
and morphology match
paralongicollis because their leaf shape, venation, stellate-hair closely that of the
T.
type specimens. noteworthy that the leaves of the Sierra Martin Garcia population are frequently larger
It is
new
than those of either or elaeagnoides. This species occurs with both and
T. longicollis T. T. longicollis T.
Only
elaeagnoides in the Sierra Martin Garcia, but no intermediate plants were seen in that region. longi-
T.
known
however, from the Sierra de Baoruco, in the vicinity of the type locality
collis, is
combination morphological
Tetrazygia paralongicollis, exhibiting a distinctive of characters, satisfies the
&
expectations of the morphological-phenetic (Judd 2007) and diagnostic (Wheeler Platnick 2000) species
concepts.
known
The number from
description of Tetrazygia brings the of species of Tetrazygia
paralongicollis
Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 2(1)
40
we ex Moscoso be
given consider urbaniana (Cogn.) Croizat to
Hispaniola eight (Liogier 2000), that
to T.
&
Ekman
synonym morphologically variable tuerckheimii (Cogn.) Urb. All the other species of
of the
a T.
compared
show on
broad geographical distributions the island to paralongicollis.
T.
Tetrazygia fairly
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We
thank Norris Williams, Keeper, and Kent D. Perkins, Collections Manager, of the University of Florida
Museum specimen
processing loans.
Herbarium (FLAS) in the Florida of Natural History, for assistance in
We thanks
indebted the director of JBSD, Daisy Castillo, for the loan of herbarium material. Special
are to
and herbarium personnel the
Peguero, other
given Milciades Mejia, Francisco Jimenez, Brigido at
are to
Dominican
Jardln Botanico Nacional, Santo Domingo (JBSD) for their support of fieldwork in the Republic.
We
We new
thank Richard
Combs
thank Frances her help with the illustration of this species. also
for
J.
was
Reuben and Delprete assistance in the This research supported, in
Abbott, E. Judd, for their field.
P.
improving
by NSF Grant DEB-0515636. Two anonymous reviewers provided helpful suggestions for
part,
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