Moderns ABC Of Objective Biology

16 Pages·2017·2.48 MB·English

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OBJECTIVE
BBBIIIOOOLLLOOOGGGYYY
NEET
PART–I
NATIONAL ELIGIBILITY CUM ENTRANCE TEST
By
VIJAY K. KHOSLA
KANTA KHOSLA
O.P. MEHTA
THOROUGHLY REVISED AND UPDATED EDITION –2017
MODERN PUBLISHERS
(Producers of Quality Text & Competition Books)
MBD House, Gulab Bhawan 6, B.S.Z.Marg, New Delhi-110002
Price of Part–I & II : ` 1260.00
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MODERN'S abc SERIES OF MODERN'S abc SERIES OF
OBJECTIVE BOOKS SCIENCE TEXTBOOKS
FOR CLASS XI & XII
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Modern'sabcof Objective Chemistry forJEE Main Modern'sabcof Physics
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Wearecommittedtoservestudentswithbestofourknowledgeandresources.Wehavetakenutmost
care and attention while editing and printing this book but we would beg to state that Authors and
Publishersshouldnotbeheldresponsibleforunintentionalmistakesthatmighthavecreptin.However,
errorsbroughttoournotice,shallbegratefullyacknowledgedandattendedto.
©All rightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedin
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The presentation in your hands of revised and enlarged edition of “Modern's abc of Objective
Biology”providesacompletereviewofthematerialcoveredintwoyearscourseinBiologyat+2stage.
This book has been thoroughly revised strictly in accordance with the changing trends of different
examinationstofulfiltheneedsofthestudentsaspiringforselectionindifferentcompetitiveexaminations.
FeedWork
● Revision Notes provides complete but precise discussion of chapter. It ranges from elementary
andbasicconceptstoadvancedandsophisticatedones.
● KeyFacts.Theseconceptsandfactshelpthestudentstopreparethetopic thoroughly.
● InFocushighlightstheimportantpointsrelatedtotopic.
● QuantatoMemoryareenergypacketsformemoryandcontainvaluableinformation.
● FlowChartsandTableswillhelpthestudentstohaveaquickgraspofthewiderangeoftopics.
Questions
● Multiple Choice Questions. These include a variety of objective type questions in the form of
multiplechoicequestions.Thisparthasbeencompletelyrevised,restructuredandenlarged.
● NCERTExemplarProblems(MCQ)havebeenincluded.
● Questions from Competitive Examinations. Questions from all types of competitive
examinationshavebeenincludedunderseparateheading.
● RecentlyAskedQuestions(RAQ)havebeenmentionedunderspecialcategory.Allthesewillenablethe
studentstohavequickrevision.
● ‘ThoughtProvokingQuestions’ SelfassessmentTestattheendofeachunithelpsthestudentsto
assessthepreparationofunit.
● PracticePapersattheendofeachpart.
● ‘FiveMockTests’areverysimilartestsforcompleterevisionofsyllabus.
Answers
● Thebookprovidesanswerstoallquestions.
● Special feature of the book is explanation of many questions along with answers at the
endofeachchapter.
TipstoStudents
●
Readthisbookinbetweenthelinesbecauseaslightmistakeinreadingthestatement maymakea
large difference in answer. In the competitive examination speed and accuracy are
equallyvital.Donotreadthebooklikeanovel,keepapenorpencilready,makesketcheswherever
necessarytounderstandtheworking.
●
Donottakethingsforgrantedbutconsiderallargumentsforandagainst.
●
Avoid the temptation to see the answer without trying all the responses (choices) yourself.
Donotjumptoconclusions.
Acknowledgements
It is very difficult to give the long list of friends, colleagues and dear students who have been
helpingindifferentwaysduringtherevisionofthebook.Wearegratefullyindebtedtothem.Wealso
acknowledgepainstakingeffortsofourstudentsandchildrenwhohelpedusinthecompletionofthis
project.
Weacknowledgewiththankstheuntiringeffortsofourpublisher,Mr.BalwantSharma,(National
Sales Head), Mr. Manik Juneja, National Head (Content Operations), Mr. S.K. Sikka (G.M.
Publication),Mr.RavinderPathania,(G.M.Publication)andB.S.Rawat,ManagerPublicationand
efficientstafftobringoutthebook.
WehopethebookModern'sabcofObjectiveBiologywillbewarmlyreceivedbytheyoungscholars
and give them a sense of excitement as well as analytical power. It gives an excellent guidance and
induceconfidenceinthemtofacethechallenges.WePrayfortheirSuccess.
Thoughsincereeffortshavebeenmadetoensurethatalltheanswersarecorrect.Asliponourpart
or during printing cannot be ruled out. We ensure the students to eradicate these errors in the next
edition.
Suggestionsforimprovementofthebookwillbesincerelyandgratefullyacknowledged.
Authors
11
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competeEntranceExaminationonallIndiabasisforadmissiontovariousMedicalColleges.
Thebookhasbeenwrittenstrictlyinaccordancewithlatestsyllabiiandchangingtrendsof
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SPECIALFEATURES
CompleteandpreciseRevisionofChapteremphasisingdefinitiontermsandprinciples.
EachChapterhasspecialfeatures:Keypoint,Memories,FactsFileinthemarginandInfocus.
SummarizingtheImportantformulaeandRelationslargevarietyofmultiplechoicequestionswith
uniqueblendofaveragetobraintwistingquestions.
Completecoverageofpreviousyears'questions.
Hints&Solutiontodifficultquestions.
RevisionTestattheendofallchapters.
Five Self ScreeningTests.
QuestionBankofGeneralChemistryandusefulAppendices.
MODERN'S
OF
OBJECTIVE PHYSICS
FOR NEET
ABOUTTHE BOOK
Thebookinyourhands'Modern'sabcofObjectivePhysics'isforstudentsappearingfor
NEETtovariousreputedMedicalcollegesinIndia.
The book has been written strictly in accordance with the syllabus provided by C.B.S.E,
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SPECIALFEATURES
Completeandprecisediscussionofthechapterunit-wiseemphasingsallprinciples,definitions,terms
andmathematicalrelations.
ExclusiveMCQsofthelateststandardincludingbraintwistingproblems.
Hints,solutionstoallMCQs.
Revisiontests,ModeltestpapersandPracticepapers.
Previousyears'PapersSolved.
Undoubtedlyitisthebestbookonthesubject.Youcancertainlybankuponthis
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SPECIALFEATURES
FeedWorkCompleteandprecisediscussionofchaptersemphasisingallprinciples,
definitions, termsandotherrelevantmaterials.
KeyFactsaspecialuniquefeatureof book.
InFocusforquickgrasp.Thesevisuallylinkvariousconceptsfromadiscussionof
topics
Quanta to Memory are energy packets of information to be memorized by the
students.
Large variety of Objective Questions (more than 17,000) in the form of multiple
choicequestions.
Questionshaveuniqueblendsofaveragetobraintwistingquestions.
Complete coverage of previous years' questions from various competitive
examinations under the heading "Questions from Competitive Examinations" with
specialstatusfor‘RecentlyAskedQuestions’.
Explanationtomostofthequestionshavebeengivenattheendofeachchapteralong
withanswers.
"Questionsbasedonbasicconcepts"framedonthebasisofguidelinesissuedbyNEET
andNCERTbooksas "ThoughtProvokingQuestions"attheendofeachunithelpthe
studentsforselfassessmentoftheunit.
SixPracticePapers
FiveMockTests.
Unmistakablyandundoubtedlythebestbookofthesubject.Youcandepend
onthisbooktoensureyouradmissioninMedicalorotherprofessionalcollege
ofyourchoice.A thoroughstudyofthebookwilldefinitelyconvinceyouabout
itstrueworth.
School Textbooks
For Class XI & XII
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ThebookpresentsthesubjectmatterinfullconformitywiththesyllabiprescribedbyC.B.S.E.,NewDelhiandEducationBoardsofotherIndian
states.Tokeeppacewithchangingtrendsineducationatnationallevel,thewholetexthasbeenarrangedstrictlyaccordingtoN.C.E.R.T.pattern.
ThemainstresshasbeenlaidonSI.Thesymbolsandsignsusedforvariousphysicalquantitiesarealsoinkeepingwiththerecommendationsat
nationalandinternationallevels.
Thebookprovidesaresult-orientedtrainingtoyoungstudents.ThewholetextofthebookisembeddedwithshortnotesintheformofThejargon
(introducingapparentlyanewphysicaltermwithaproperdefinition),Keypoint(highlightinganimportantpointinthetext)andWatchout(bringing
outthedifferencebetweenthephysicalandapparentmeaningofaphysicalterm).Further,thetexthasbeenstuddedwithsimpleSelf-Study
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wellgradedandcarefullyselectedSolvedNumericalProblemsforeasycomprehensionofthebeginners.Sothatthestudentscanpreparefor
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soastoenablethestudentstochoosetheappropriateformulawithease.Further,detailedHints/SolutionshavebeenprovidedtoUnsolved
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contentsofaunitisforeasyandhandyreferenceofvariousphysicallaws,principles,termsandformulaeinthatunitandforitsquickrevision.
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adoptinganoveltechniqueintheformofThoughtProcess.Armedwiththistechnique,thestudentswillbeabletoattacktheotherwise
brainteasingandseeminglyincomprehensiblenumericalproblemswithgreatease.MultipleChoiceQuestionssetinvariouscompetitive
examinations,suchasC.B.S.E.,A.I.I.M.S.,A.F.M.C.,M.N.R.,C.P.M.T.,I.I.T.,etchavebeenthoroughlycoveredinthebook.Forthesakeofeasy
preparation,thesequestionshavebeencategorisedintoText-BasedandThought-BasedMultipleChoiceQuestions.Theauthorisofthefirm
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studentswouldbeabletomasterthemsteadilyallthroughtheacademicyear,whilepreparingforadmissiontoprofessionalcourses.
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ThebookinyourhandsisstrictlybaseduponthenewsyllabusprescribedbyC.B.S.E.,NewDelhiandEducationalBoardsofIndianstates.The
bookhasbeenwrittenaccordingtoN.C.E.R.T.patternandkeepinginviewthechangingtrendsofdifferentexaminations.Thebookhasbeen
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Answer Type, Short Answer Type and Long Answer Type Questions with HINTS and SOLUTIONS to some questions.
CONCEPTUALQUESTIONSsolvedattheendofeachchapter. COMPETITIONFILEcoveringadditionalinformation,gradednumerical
problems and objective questions to prepare for COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS for entrance to Medical and Engineering colleges.
COMPLETEcoverageofpreviousyearquestionsfromalltypesofBoards'examinationsandcompetitiveexaminationssuchasI.I.T.,Roorkee
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PART–I
INTRODUCTION–BASICS IN BIOLOGY 2–33
UNIT - 1 : THE LIVING WORLD
1.1. Nature and Scope of Biology 1.3–1.20
1.2. Understanding Life 1.21–1.37
UNIT - 2 : DIVERSITY OF LIFE
2.1. Five Kingdoms of Life and Biological Classification 2.3–2.21
2.2. Kingdom-Monera 2.22–2.41
2.3. Kingdom-Protista 2.42–2.60
2.4. Kingdom-Fungi 2.61–2.78
2.5. Plant Kingdom-An Introduction and Algae 2.79–2.95
2.6. Plant Kingdom-Bryophyta 2.96–2.104
2.7. Kingdom Plantae–Pteridophyta 2.105–2.115
2.8. Kingdom Plantae–Gymnosperms 2.116–2.127
2.9. Kingdom Plantae–Angiosperms 2.128–2.132
2.10. Kingdom Animalia Non-Chordate Phyla 2.133–2.195
2.11. Phylum Chordata 2.196–2.238
UNIT - 3 : STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS
3.1. Morphology of Plants (Root, Stem and Leaf) 3.3–3.32
3.2. Inflorescence and Flower 3.33–3.45
3.3. Fruits 3.46–3.56
3.4. Plant Anatomy (Meristem, Plant Tissues, Anatomy of Root, Stem and Leaf) 3.57–3.82
3.5. Morphology of Animals 3.83–3.105
3.6. Animal Tissues 3.106–3.149
UNIT - 4 : CELL AND CELL DIVISION
4.1. Tools and Techniques 4.3–4.14
4.2. Biomolecules 4.15–4.54
4.3. Enzymes 4.55–4.66
4.4. Biomembranes and Cell Wall 4.67–4.79
4.5. Cell-Basic Unit of Life 4.80–4.113
4.6. Cell Cycle 4.114–4.142
UNIT - 5 : PHYSIOLOGY OF PLANTS
5.1. Plant–Water Relations 5.3–5.21
5.2. Plant Nutrition (Mineral and Special Modes of Nutrition in Plants) 5.22–5.37
5.3. Photosynthesis and Translocation of Organic Solutes 5.38–5.64
5.4 Respiration in Plants 5.65–5.80
5.5 Growth and Developement 5.81–5.107
UNIT - 6 : PHYSIOLOGY OF ANIMALS
6.1. Digestive System (Animal Nutrition) 6.3–6.38
6.2. Respiratory System (Respiration in Animals) 6.39–6.63
6.3. Circulation in Animals (Blood Vascular System) 6.64–6.92
6.4. Osmoregulation and Excretion in Animals (Excretory System) 6.93–6.112
6.5. Skeletal System 6.113–6.129
6.6. Muscular System 6.130–6.141
6.7. Nervous System 6.142–6.168
6.8. Sense Organs 6.169–6.183
6.9. Endocrine System 6.184–6.226
Revision Test Papers R–1—R–26
INTRODUCTION–BASICS
IN BIOLOGY
ontents
(cid:2) Important Symbols and Abbreviations
(cid:2) Founders and Discoveres
(cid:2) First Coined or Used Terms
(cid:2) Some Interesting Facts of Animal World
(cid:2) Some Interesting Facts of Plant World
(cid:2) International System of Units (SI)
(cid:2) Human Body at a Glance
(cid:2) Some Significant Days
(cid:2) Important Theories and Laws
(cid:2) Important Books
(cid:2) Larvae of Animals
(cid:2) Important Foramen
(cid:2) Important Exocrine Glands
(cid:2) Principal Canals and Ducts
(cid:2) Prefixes and Suffixes commonly used in
Biology
(cid:2) Nobel Laureates
(cid:2) Famous National Research and
Development Institutes in India