Managing People in Sport Organizations: a strategic human resource management perspective (Sport Management)

326 Pages·2007·1.11 MB·English

by  Tracy Taylor

Managing People in
Sport Organizations
Books in the Sport Management Series
Sport Governance
Russell Hoye and Graham Cuskelly
Sport and the Media
Matthew Nicholson
Sport Funding and Finance
Bob Stewart
Managing People in Sport Organizations: Astrategic human resource
management perspective
Tracy Taylor,Alison Doherty and Peter McGraw
Managing People in
Sport Organizations
A strategic human resource
management perspective
Tracy Taylor, Alison Doherty and Peter McGraw
AMSTERDAM• BOSTON• HEIDELBERG• LONDON• NEWYORK• OXFORD
PARIS• SANDIEGO• SANFRANCISCO• SINGAPORE• SYDNEY• TOKYO
Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of Elsevier
Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of Elsevier
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First edition 2008
Copyright © 2008, Tracy Taylor, Alison Doherty and Peter McGraw. Published by
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Acatalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
ISBN: 978-0-7506-8229-9
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07 08 09 10 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
List of Figures xi
List of Tables xiii
Series Editor xv
Sport Management Series Preface xvii
Preface xix
Acknowledgements xxi
1 Introduction 1
Learning objectives 1
Managing sport organizations 2
Contemporary sport organizations 5
The people management challenge in sport organizations 6
What is HRM? 7
The evolution of the HRM concept 8
Early approaches to HRM 10
The Harvard model of HRM 10
Overview of book content 13
Summary 16
Discussion questions 16
2 Strategic human resource management 17
Learning objectives 17
Chapter overview 17
Theories of strategy 18
The SHRM process 25
Summary 34
Discussion questions 34
3 Human resource planning and strategy 35
Learning objectives 35
Chapter overview 35
Astrategic approach to human resource management planning 36
The HR planning process 37
Forecasting 39
Determining HR supply 43
Some challenges 44
Job analysis and design 44
Job analysis data 45
Job descriptions and specifications 46
Job design 50
Outsourcing HR 54
Summary 57 v
Discussion questions 58
Contents
4 Recruitment and selection for sport organizations 62
Learning objectives 62
Chapter overview 62
An overview of recruitment and selection 63
Recruitment 66
Recruitment methods 67
Selection methods 70
Cognitive ability tests 71
Work sample tests 72
Aptitude tests 72
Personality inventories 73
Assessment centres 73
Standard interviews 74
Behaviourally based interviewing 75
Summary 78
Discussion questions 78
5 Orientation and organizational culture 81
Learning objectives 81
Chapter overview 81
The importance of orientation in sport organizations 83
Organizational socialization 85
Newcomers 86
Stages of socialization 86
(Re)aligning expectations 89
The psychological contract 90
Person-organization fit 91
Orientation strategies 92
Orientation practices 97
Orienting sport volunteers 99
Organizational culture 102
Learning organizational culture 105
Strengthening or changing organizational culture 106
Summary 107
Discussion questions 108
6 Training and development in sport organizations 109
Learning objectives 109
Chapter overview 109
The significance of training and development in sport
organizations 110
Employee and volunteers learning 112
The learning organization 113
Atraining and development process 114
Step 1: Training needs analysis 114
Step 2: Setting training and learning goals 117
Step 3: Designing training and development 118
vi Training methods 118
Employee and volunteer development 121
Contents
Mentoring 122
Coaching 124
Leadership development 125
Career planning and development 126
Step 4: Training and development evaluation 129
Limitations and constraints to training and development 130
Summary 131
Discussion questions 132
7 Performance management 135
Learning objectives 135
Chapter overview 135
Performance management and performance appraisal 136
What are the benefits of performance management? 140
Amodel of performance management 141
Stage 1 141
Stage 2 144
Stage 3 145
Stage 4 146
Stages 5 and 6 146
Stage 7 147
Potential problems with performance appraisal 147
Performance appraisal methods 149
Comparative approaches vs. absolute standards 150
Who is involved in appraising performance? 151
Management by objectives 152
Summary 154
Discussion questions 155
8 Motivation and rewards management in sport organizations 156
Learning objectives 156
Chapter overview 156
Theories of motivation 157
Content theories 158
Process theories 162
Types of rewards 165
The financial compensation plan 166
Pay structure 166
Job design 175
Volunteer recognition and rewards 177
Summary 179
Discussion questions 180
9 Sport organizations and employee relations 181
Learning objectives 181
Chapter overview 182
Employee–management relations 183
Psychological contract 183 vii
Organizational justice 184
Contents
Employee involvement 186
Communication 188
Participation 188
Trade unions and collective bargaining 191
Collective bargaining 194
Grievance 199
Health, safety, and wellness 201
Workplace hazards and risks 201
Employee assistance and wellness programmes 203
Volunteer–organization relations 204
Termination of employment 205
Dismissal 205
Resignation or retirement 207
Termination and severance pay 207
Exit interviews 208
Summary 209
Discussion questions 210
10 Succession and talent management 211
Learning objectives 211
Chapter overview 211
What is succession management? 213
Effective succession management 216
An approach to succession and talent management 217
Issues in implementing succession management 223
Trends in succession and talent management 224
Lead measures 226
Lag measures 226
Summary 226
Discussion questions 227
11 Sport organizations and diversity management 228
Learning objectives 228
Chapter overview 228
Diversity in the workplace 229
The nature of diversity 229
Changing population demographics 230
Legislation 232
Proactive hiring 235
The changing nature of work 236
Changing attitudes towards diversity 237
The impact of diversity in the workplace 237
Benefits of diversity 238
Challenges of diversity 239
Managing diversity 241
Legal perspective 241
viii Organizational culture approach 242
Diversity training 244
Contents
Summary 245
Discussion questions 246
12 Evaluating and improving human resource management 248
Learning objectives 248
Chapter overview 248
The importance of HRM measurement and evaluation 250
HR audit 250
Benchmarking 251
An evaluation framework and ROI 258
Calculating ROI 260
Summary 263
Discussion questions 263
13 Managing change and future challenges in sport organizations 264
Learning objectives 264
Chapter overview 265
Change in sport organizations 266
Types of change 266
Forces for change 267
The organizational change process 267
Resistance to change 269
Managing resistance to change 270
Coping with change 270
Strategies 271
Challenges for HRM 273
Globalization and change 273
Increasing diversity in the workplace 275
Information requirements and different ways of
delivering the sport product 275
Work life issues and ways of organizing work 276
Customer service orientation 276
Volunteer and paid staff relationships 277
SHRM into the future 278
Summary 279
Discussion questions 279
Book summary 280
References 281
Subject Index 297
Author Index 301
ix