(Horticulture) In Floriculture, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

68 Pages·2014·2.46 MB·English

“CHANGES IN CORM RESERVE COMPOSITION DURING
DORMANCY, SPROUTING AND INITIAL PLANT

DEVELOPMENT OF GLADIOLUS (Gladiolus x grandiflorus).”
By
AMIT LOHAR

(H-2012-01-M)

Thesis submitted to the Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya
In partial fulfillment
Of the requirements for the degree of

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WHERE WISDOM IS FREE
2014
FACULTY OF HORTICULTURE
UTTAR BANGA KRISHI VISWAVIDYALAYA
PUNDIBARI, COOCHBEHAR
WEST BENGAL-736165
DEPARTMENT OF FLORICULTURE, MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC
PLANTS
FACULTY OF HORTICULTURE
UTTAR BANGA KRISHI VISWAVIDYALAYA
Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal

From: Phone:
Dr. S. S. Gantait Mobile :
e-mail:
Assistant Professor
Ref.no.: …………… Date...............
CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “CHANGES IN CORM RESERVE COMPOSITION
DURING DORMANCY,GERMINATION AND INITIAL PLANT DEVELOPMENT OF GLADIOLUS
(Gladiolus x grandiflorus L.)” submitted by Mr.Amit lohar (H-2012-01-M) for partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science (Horticulture) in
Floriculture, Medicinal & Aromatic Plants of Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya,
Pundibari is a faithful and bonafide research work carried out under my personal
supervision and guidance. The results of the investigation reported in this thesis have
not so far been submitted for any other degree or diploma.
The assistance and help received during the course of investigation have been
duly acknowledged.

Place: Pundibari, Cooch Behar
Dated (Dr. S. S Gantait)
Chairman
Advisory committee
UTTAR BANGA KRISHI VISWAVIDYALAYA
Department of Floriculture, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Faculty of Horticulture
Pundibari-736165, Cooch Behar,
West Bengal, India
WHERE WISDOM IS FREE 
.

APPROVAL OF EXAMINERS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE
MASTER OF SCIENCE (HORTICULTURE) IN FLORICULTURE,
MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “CHANGES IN CORM RESERVE COMPOSITION
DURING DORMANCY, SPROUTING AND INITIAL PLANT DEVELOPMENT OF GLADIOLUS
(Gladiolus x grandiflorus L.).” submitted by Mr. AMIT LOHAR (H-2012-01-M) to the
Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the degree of Master of Science in Horticulture (Floriculture, Medicinal & Aromatic Plants)
has been approved by the Student’s Advisory Committee after viva-voce on the same in
collaboration with an external examiner on 22.07.2014.
NAME DESIGNATION SIGNATURE

Dr. S. S. Gantait Assistant Professor and Chairman, Advisory
Committee, Dept, of Floriculture, Medicinal &
………………..
Aromatic plants, Faculty of Horticulture.

Dr.D.Barman External Examiner,principal scientist, …………………
NRC for orchids Pakyong,Sikkim-
737106

Dr. S. Maitra Asssociate Professor and Head, Dept, of
Floriculture, Medicinal & Aromatic plants,
………………
Faculty of Horticulture (Member, Advisory
Committee).

Dr. A. Sarkar Associate Professor, Department of Genetics & ……………….
Plant Breeding (Member, Advisory Committee).

Dr. D. Mukhopadhyay Associate Professor and Head, Dept, of Soil ………………....
Science and Agricultural chemistry (Member,
Advisory Committee).
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Acknowledgement
I would like to express the deepest appreciation to my honourable chairman of
Advisory Committee Dr. S.S Gantait, Department of Floriculture, Medicinal and
Aromatic plants, Faculty of Horticulture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya for
suggesting the problem, invaluable and ceaseless guidance, precious counsel,
unstinted help, sustained interest and constant encouragement throughout the course of
investigation and constructive critics during the preparation of manuscript of the thesis
which can never be forgotten.
It is pleasure on my part to acknowledge the debt I owe to Dr. J.C Jana, Dean,
Faculty of Horticulture, and Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya. I avail myself at this
moment to express my sincere gratitude to him for their whole hearted co-operation,
necessary assistance and sustained interest and facilities in carrying out the
investigations.
I would also like to convey my gratefulness to, Dr. Soumen Maitra, Associate
Professor (Head) Department of Floriculture, Medicinal and Aromatic plants, and Dr.
Arup sarkar, Associate Professor, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Uttar
Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya. I am really grateful to Dr. Dibyendu Mukhopadhyay
Associate Professor, Department of Soil science and Agricultural chemistry, Uttar
Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya who are the respected members of my Advisory
Committee for their learned and affectionate guidance, helpful criticism and intensive
encouragement throughout the period of this investigation.
I would also like to extend my sincere thanks to all the non-teaching staff of
the Department Floriculture, Medicinal and Aromatic plants, the Library staffs of the
University and the field workers of instructional farm, U.B.K.V., Pundibari for their
help during my study.
I am especially indebted to my senior Mr.Suresh kumar Mahato, Mr.Kaushik
Dutta. Sachin Sharma, Prakash Yakulay Rai and Rocky Thoksom, for their uncounted
and irreparable co-operation as and when required.
I express my lot of thanks to Kamal dah, Abhisekh thapa ,Tshering lama and
my mates Bikash, and Chitra, all junior and seniors of U.B.K.V for their sincere co-
operation during the period of my experiment and writing of this manuscript.
Finally, at this moment, I want to put a record that, I have not completed that
work without the wishes, encouragement and inspiration from my family. My deepest
regard and love places them at the top of my gratitude where ocean of blessings and
wishes will bestow over my head silently but constantly throughout my life and waited
patiently for the day I complete my M. Sc. Degree.
Last but not the least; I would like to thank my family, my parents, for giving
birth to me at the first place and supporting me spiritually throughout my life.

Dated 15.07.2014 ......................
Pundibari Cooch Behar Amit lohar
CONTENTS

CHAPTER DESCRIPTION PAGE(s)
I INTRODUCTION 1-4
II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 5-9
III MATERIAL AND METHODS 10-15
IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 16-39
V SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 40
VI BIBLIOGRAPHY I-IV
Department of Floriculture, Medicinal & Aromatic Plants
Faculty of Horticulture
Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya
Pundibari, Coochbehar
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__
TITLE: Changes in corm reserve composition during dormancy, sprouting
and initial plant development of gladiolus. (Gladiolus x grandiflorus
L.)
Name of Student : AMIT LOHAR
Registration No. : H-2012-01-M
Chairman of Advisory
Committee : Dr. S. S. Gantait
Year : 2014
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__

ABSTRACT

Gladiolus is one of the commercially important flower crops belonging to the family
Iridaceae. It is one of the most cultivated flower crops because of its growing
versatility and portability, and its corm can be dried and preserved for long periods.
During this period, high catabolism is considered to be the main cause of changes in
quality. These changes, occurring during post-harvest storage, are principally heat
production, transpiration, and sprouting and rotting. Dormancy of corms, which is
defined as a temporary suspension of visible growth of the meristematic tissues of the
sprouts, has a major impact on the storage of corms. The chemical energy produced
during photosynthesis accumulates as corm reserves in multiple forms including
carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. In general mobilization of corm reserves following
sprouting is essential for the corm to complete new plant establishment and, also
signals the start of a new life cycle. Thus, the investigation was carried out with four
genotypes of gladiolus to Changes in corm reserve composition during different stages
of gladiolus. The experimental design adopted was two factor complete randomised
block design in which there were two factors having two different levels viz, Red
Ginger, Sunset Jubilee, Pacifica and Little Prince for first one whereas and dormancy,
sprouting and initial plant development for second factor. Observations estimated and
recorded at different stages were reducing sugar and non reducing sugar (Nelson,
1944; Somogyi, 1945), Starch (Hassid and Neufeld, 1964), Total soluble protein
(Lowry’s method 1951), Lipids (Becker et al., 1978), Total phenol content (Malick
and Singh 1980), Ascorbic acid (Roe and Kuether 1943), Peroxidase (Sadasivam and
Manickam 1996) and Polyphenoloxidase (Mayer et al., 1965). Total reducing sugar
(2.97, 3.42, 3.09), non reducing sugar (1.63, 1.67, 1.17), starch (2.49, 2.62, 1.47) and
lipids (0.97, 1.08, 0.64) levels showed increasing trend up to sprouting stage thereafter
reverse trend was observed indicating their key role in sprouting of corms whereas
contents like protein (1.92, 1.26, 2.20) and ascorbic acid (2.17, 1.17, 3.35) levels
decreases as the sprouting progress and showed the opposite trend at plant
development stage. Results suggest that significant changes took place in sugar
metabolisms. Changes in starch content closely followed sugar changes in the corms
and this might be due to starch were converted to sugars. Low levels of starch and
sugars in the corms as concentration level, indicating continued export and conversion
to starch. This result suggests that during dormancy to vegetative stage there is a rapid
change in corm reserve compositions and these analyses provide novel insights into
key regulatory triggers for sprout dormancy release in gladiolus corms and provide the
potential for the development of biochemical markers for sprout initiation.

Keywords: corms, dormancy, sprouting, sugar, starch, polyphenol oxidase
LIST OF TABLES
Table No. Title Page no
4.1 Reducing Sugar content [mg g-1(f.w.)] in gladiolus corm at 16
different stages
4.2 Non Reducing Sugar content [mg g-1(f.w.)] in gladiolus corm at 19
different stages
4.3 Starch content [mg g-1(f.w.)] in gladiolus corm at different stages 21
4.4 Protein content [mg g-1(f.w.)] in gladiolus corm at different stages 24
4.5 Lipid content [mg g-1(f.w.)] in gladiolus corm at different stages 27
4.6 Total Phenol content [mg g-1(f.w.)] in gladiolus corm at different 29
stages
4.7 Ascorbic acid (mg/g) content changes in gladiolus corm at 32
different stages
4.8 Peroxidase content (U g-1 F.W.) changes in gladiolus corm at 35
different stages
4.9 Polyphenol oxidase (U g-1FW) content changes in gladiolus corm 38
at different stages