A new unusual Bomarea species in northern Peru (Alstroemeriaceae)

2004·2.9 MB·English

by  A Hofreiter

Amaldoa
2004
21-28:
11(2):
A
new Bomarea northern Peru
unusual
species in
(Alstroemeriaceae)
ANTON
HOFREITER
Department
Ludwig-Maximilians-
Universitdt,
Biologie Bereich Biodiversitatsforschung,
I,
Abteilung Systematische Botanik,
D-80638
Miinchen,
Menzingerstrafie 67,
GERMANY,
E-mail: [email protected]
E RODRIGUEZ RODRIGUEZ
ERIC
Herbarium (HUT), Universidad
Truxillense
Nacional de San Martin
392,
Trujillo,
Jr.
PERU,
E-mail:
Trujillo,
efrr@ chanchan. edu.pe
unitru.
Abstract
A
new Bomarea Bomarea
species of subgenus (Alstroemeriaceae), from
s.str.
Northern Peruvian Andean region (Amazonas, La Libertad and San Martin deparments)
&
The
described and illustrated: B. alstroemeroides Hofreiter E. Rodr. typical growth
is
The new
form and variability, habitat preferences and distribution are discussed. species
its
recognised because of wide-open, zygomorphic The
easily large clearly flowers.
its
is
some The
shape of the flower appears similar Alstroemeria species. species endemic
to
is
Amotape-Huancabamba-region. The new compared
specie next
to the is to its relatives.
Key words: Bomarea, new Andes, Amotape-
species, Peru, distribution,
Huancabamba-region.
Resumen
Se describe e una nueva especie de Bomarea subgenero Bomarea
ilustra
s.str.
(Alstroemeriaceae) procedente de region Andina del Norte del Peru (departamentos
la
&
Amazonas, La San
de Libertad y Martin): B. alstroemeroides Hofreiter E. Rodr. Se
como
forma
discute la tipica del crecimiento y su variabilidad, asf las preferencias
del
La
nueva
habitat y distribucion. especie se reconoce facilmente por sus flores grandes,
muy La
abiertas y claramente zigomorfas. forma de la flor es similar a ciertas especies
I
21
deAlstroemeria. El nuevo taxon es endemico a region de Amotape-Huancabamba.
la
Se compara con mas
su relacion especies
las afines.
Palabras clave: Bomarea, nueva Andes,
especie, Peru, distribucion, region
Amotape-Huancabamba.
Introduction
The Bomarea
Peruvian
species (Alstroemeriaceae) were
revised for the time
last
by The
Killip (1936). genus divided into 4 subgenera: Baccata Bomarea
is species),
(3
&
Sphaerine and Wichuraea
s.str. (ca.70), (12) {\^) (Hofreiter Tillich 2002). In Peru no
species of Baccata For
occurs. the differences of the subgenera see the key. The
Bomarea
subgenus
s.str. has centre of distribution growing twining on the edges of fog
it
Sphaerine shadow
forests, erect in the of the fog forest and Wichuraea open
erect
in
and The
habitats in the jalca puna. subgenus Bo/warea subdivided
5 informal
s.str. is in
&
groups by Harling Neuendorf The new
The
(2003). species in the Multiflora group.
fits
colour and the shape of the tepals are very similar to the typical members of the group
B.formosissima orB.
like multiflora, but the shape of the flowers very The
is different.
wide-open
flowers are unique within the whole group and appear Alstroemeria
like
The
flowers. other species of this group have all funnel shaped flowers and so far only
hummingbirds have been observed The new
at their flowers. species seems be adapted
to
At
to insect pollination. least insects can easily reach the nectar.
Key new
to the species:
ovary
semi-inferior; plants twining or flowers pendulous,
erect; actinomorphic;
1 tepals
retained at the ripe fruit; fruit dehiscent; Ecuador to Argentina Wichuraea
V
ovary
inferior
2
2 fruit dehiscent, leathery; plants mostly twining; flowers pendulous and
actinomorphic
or horizontally orientated and zygomorphic; Bomarea
mostly deciduous
tepals
s.str.)
•; 3
2'
fruit indehiscent, fleshy; plants mostly erect; flowers erect and actinomorphic
or
horizontally orientated and zygomorphic; Colombia
Bolivia Sphaerine
to
3 inflorescence a thyrse
Goniocaulon
group, Pardina group, Salsilla group, Edulis group and various other
species
y
inflorescence an umbel; Mexico
American
to Bolivia, Cordillera 4
flowers without a green 5
tip
rosea and various other species
flowers with a green B.
tip
group
of Multiflora
shaped other species the
flowers funnel
all
ahtroemeroides
wide-open B.
flowers
nueva
Clave para especie:
la
o pendulas,
ovario semi-infero; plantas volubles (enredadera) erectas; flores
Ecuador
actinomorfas; tepalos persistentes en el fruto maduro; fruto dehiscente;
Wichuraea
Argentina
hasta
2
ovario infero
mayormente
volubles (enredadera); flores
dehiscente, coriaceo; plantas
fruto
mayor-
pendulas y actinomorfas u horizontalmente orientadas y zigomorfas; tepalos
(Bomarea
mente deciduos 3
sir.)
s.
mayormente
indehiscente, carnoso; plantas erectas; flores erectas
fruto y
Colombia
actinomorfas u horizontalmente orientadas y zigomorfas; a Bolivia
Sphaerine
un
inflorescencia tirso
grupo Goniocaulon, grupo Pardina, grupo grupo Edulis y varias otras espe-
Salsilla,
una umbela; Mexico Americana 4
a Bolivia, cordillera
inflorescencia
apice verde 5
flores sin
con apice verde B. rosea varias otras especies
y
flores
grupo
infundibuliformes todas las otras especies del Multiflora
flores
muy ahtroemeroides
B.
abiertas
flores
&
no
Bomarea ahtroemeroides Hofreiter E. Rodr. spec,
v.
Amazonas, Chachapoyas:
TYPE: Peru, Dept. Prov. Dist.
Leymebamba, near Laguna de Los Condores, primary
the
2550-2600 Rodriguez 2167a
forest, m, 31 .01 .1999, Eric et al.
HUT!).
(holotype:
A; 2 C; distribution and habitat Fig. IB, C.
Fig.
1
Inter speciebus affinibus insignis caule spiraliter scandete, glabra, foliis linearibus at
anguste ovatis longe attenuatis, glabris, umbella +- patule, floribus zygomorphis, segmentis
perianthii rotatis, aequalibus, sepalis oblongis, rubris, petalis spathulato-unguiculatis, mbris
rubra punctatis. Fructus turbinati, pilosi.
m
cm
Plant twining, up to 4 long, stem robust, up to 0.5 in diameter, not recurved at
apex, pubescent with increasing density towards the top, or glabrous. Leaves linear or
- -
linear-lanceolate, 2 8 x 0.2 0.8 cm. Both leaf surfaces glabrous. Inflorescence an
2-4
umbel, pedicels cm, pubescent. Subtending leaves of the lower-most flowers
- -
bracteose, 0.5 x 0. 0.2 cm, subsequent bracts smaller. Flowers zygomorphic,
1 1
-4 cm
wide
horizontally oriented, open, ca 3 in diameter, inner tepals equalling outer
cm
2-3 on
ones, long, outer tepals oblong, outer surface red, paler red inner surface. Inner
tepals subdivided in blade and claw, orange with a red stroke at outer side and with many
Ovary
dark spots. pubescent, fruit turbinate and seeds globose.
Additional specimen examined:
PERU. Amazonas:
Chachapoyas,
Dept. Prov. Balsas road
to
Leymebamba, Weigend
3559
m, 19.10.2000, 2000/
et
al.
863 (HUT, MSB); Prov. Chachapoyas, Balsas road
to
Leymebamba, &
3300 m, 5.01.1979, Dillon Turner 1747
(F).
Leymebamba
2900 Lopez
Entre Balsas, m, 01.06.1963,
y et
4415
al. (HUT). Dept. La Libertad, Prov. Bolivar, east of Bolivar,
3400 San
ca. m, Hofreiter s.n. (MSB). Dept. Martin: Prov.
Tambo
Huallaga, Dist. Saposoa, Entre El y Jaica del Rayo,
camino a Leymebamba, 2800-3200
m, 5.09.2000,
1
<
2485 (HAO, HUSA)
et
al.
known
Note: B. alstroemeroides so far only from a small area and even there
is
it
seems be most
to rare. In contrast to other species of the Multiflora group do not occur
it
The maybe
in large population, but dispersed. next relatives are B. multiflora from Ecuador
and Colombia and B.formosissima from southern Peru and northern Bolivia. The shape
new
of the flower can distinguish the species, but the shape of the tepals and the colour
of the flowers are very similar B.formosissima. 2 A-E)
to
(Fig.
and The new
Distribution ecology: grows Amotape-Huancabamba-
species in the
from Abra
region the de Calla Calla to the mountains east of Bolivar on the windward
m m
sides in small shrubs and fog forests at altitudes between 2500 and 3600 (Fig. IB,
new
This who own
C). taxa is associate with other species define their phytogeographic
Nasa
zone
Ribes and Bomarea)
(e.g. spp., Passiflora spp., spp. other species of and
humid
prefers black with abundant organic
soil matter.

m
Etimology: The B. alstroemeroides refers to the wide, open clearly zygomorphic
Alstroemeria-likQ flowers
Acknowledgements
We AAU, BM, CUZ,
thank the directors and curators of the herbaria B, E, F, G,
USM
We
GH, HAO, HBG, HUT, K, LP, LZ, M, MA, MO, NY, U, UC, US, and W. thank
Kobele computer
H. Forther for his help with taxonomic problems, C. for assistance at
We
problems, Hock for taking photos of herbarium specimens; are grateful to H.
F.J.
M.
A. Cano, Careras, N. Salinas, M. Torres and L. Montes for diverse help
Beltran, F.
I.
and assistance in Peru, and to S. Beck in Bolivia. The first author is indebted to his
who
and Susanna Tausendfreund, former employer,
constant support his
parents for to
making work.
accepted very flexible working times, possible this research
Literature cited
&
M.
Harling, G. Neuendorf, 2003. Alstroemeriaceae. -Flora of Ecuador 71 3-108.
:
&
A
The and
Hofreiter, Tillich, H-J. 2002. delimitation, ecology, distribution infrageneric
-
oiBomarea -Feddes
subdivision Mirbel (Alstroemeriaceae). Repert. 113 (7
8):
528-544.
-
Bomarea -
E. 1936. Mirb. Macbride, Flora of Peru, Part
Killip, P. In: F. (ed.):
J. I.
Mus. 633-665.
Field Nat. Hist.,Bot.
Ser. 13: